Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- The comparative legal method -- Common law and civil law -- Mapping the world's legal systems -- The diffusion of legal traditions -- Postmodern comparative law -- Socio-legal comparative law -- Numerical comparative law -- Empirical comparative law -- Legal transplants and convergence -- Comparative regional and international law -- From transnational law to global law -- Comparative law and development -- Implicit comparative law -- Reflections and outlook.

"Comparative Regionalism" published on by Oxford University Press.

"Students who enroll in an introductory course on comparative politics should be prepared to encounter some tough but fascinating questions: Why are some states democracies while others are not? Why does ethnicity seem to be at the heart of so much conflict in the world today?"--

In the first section dedicated to theoretical thoughts on comparative agriculture, Hubert Cochet introduces the notion of 'agricultural development', the very subject of comparative agriculture, with a restored endogenous dimension. He then describes how this approach was slowly consolidated, around the concept of agrarian system in particular. The comparison of agricultural transformations in time and space highlights the importance of the comparatist approach to production processes, their trajectories and differentiation on a worldwide scale. The second section which focuses on the methods and expertise of comparative agriculture, tackles the issues of landscape analysis, field surveys and the historical approach underlying comparative agriculture. It sums up the economic tools mobilised as well as the evaluation perspectives opened up by comparative agriculture.

This treatise offers in-depth coverage of comparative law, carefully structured and clearly explained by a leading expert. It is an invaluable resource for students seeking a critical introduction to the field, as well as scholars and practitioners, for whom it offers new insights, structures, and approaches.

By highlighting the many ways that constitutions vary, comparative constitutional law raises interesting and important causal questions: What explains cross-national constitutional variation, and what are the real-world consequences of different constitutional arrangements? But comparative constitutional law scholarship so far has done relatively little to address these issues of constitutional causes and consequences in a rigorous manner. In this paper, I argue that scholars have much to gain from taking causality seriously in comparative constitutional law, and I suggest that scholarship on comparative politics and comparative political economy provides useful insights about how this might be done. First, I provide an overview of recent comparative constitutional law scholarship to highlight the pervasive issues of causality that it raises. Second, I introduce some of the interesting work that political scientists and economists have done on comparative constitutional law. They are asking questions about the origins and consequences of constitutions that are similar to those raised in comparative constitutional law scholarship - but they are framing them in explicitly causal terms, developing positive theories about cause-and-effect relationships, and testing them empirically using social science methods of inference. Third, I illustrate one such method that can be used to address causal claims and causal questions in comparative constitutional law. Using regression analysis of cross-national data on constitutions, government spending, and other institutional, demographic and economic factors in 80 democracies, I test a series of hypotheses about the effects of different constitutional arrangements on government spending. I also show how multiplicative interaction terms can be used to model and empirically test for conditional relationships between constitutions and various political, social or economic outcomes. I conclude with a proposed agenda for empirical comparative constitutional law, outlining its theoretical, methodological and pedagogical implications.

"Comparative Civilizations" published on by Oxford University Press.

We study firms' advertising strategies in an oligopolistic market in which both non‐comparative and comparative advertising are present. We show that in equilibrium firms mix over the two types of advertising, with the intensity of comparative advertising exceeding that of non‐comparative advertising; moreover, that the intensity of comparative increases relatively to non‐comparative advertising as market competition intensifies. Interestingly, the use of comparative advertising may lead to higher consumers' surplus and welfare in a mixed advertising market than in the absence of advertising or when either comparative or non‐comparative advertising is not present.

This book tackles the issues involved and explores strategies to deal with many of the problems of establishing equivalence. Each contribution focuses on a theoretically relevant theme, such as: tolerance; political values; religious orientations; gender roles; voluntary associations; party organizations and party positions; democratic regimes, and the mass media. Each chapter covers different topics, methods, data and countries, making use of research to show the problems of finding similar or identical indicators in realistic research settings

As we emphasized in the introduction to this volume, old and new diversities in several countries and their potential to create conflict have been frequently addressed through federal arrangements. As the country chapters in this volume show, federal institutions and ideas have helped accommodate ethno-linguistic or religious diversities, empower ethnic or linguistic minorities, manage conflicts, and establish a legitimate, stable, and cohesive order in many states. Of course, there are huge differences in the ways and degrees to which countries have achieved conflict management, stability, and legitimacy. But in most of the cases, a combination of both recognizing diversity and encouraging integration or cohesion in the federation has been pursued. All federations have had to find ways of accommodating diversities through different institutional-design strategies, for example, either by expressing diversity through constituent units or by having the boundaries of constituent political units cut across these diversities. This has raised several issues about the consequences of federalism for managing politicized diversity. ; Peer reviewed