Suchergebnisse

This article proposes a novel computational method for discerning the
structure and history of concepts. Based on the analysis of co-occurrence
data in large data sets, the method creates a measure of "binding" that enables the construction of verbal constellations that comprise the larger
units, "concepts," that change over time. In contrast to investigation into
semantic networks, our method seeks to uncover structures of conceptual
operation that are not simply semantic. These larger units of lexical operation
that are visualized as interconnected networks may have underlying rules of formation and operation that have as yet unexamined—perhaps tangential—connection to meaning as such. The article is thus exploratory and intended to open the history of concepts to some new avenues of investigation.

This article takes as its point of departure Stefano Guzzini's recent call for 'ontological theorizing' as a reflexive engagement with central concepts. In an attempt to advance this agenda, the article presents an accessible overview of different approaches to concept analysis to stake out the field for a discussion of what ontological theorising might entail. The article advances the notion of concepts as 'basic' and lays out the parameters through which they obtain meaning, followed by a discussion of three approaches, which tackle the multifaceted nature of basic concepts within and across different contexts. These approaches are labelled 'historical', 'scientific' and 'political(critical)' and presented through the work of Reinhart Koselleck, Giovanni Sartori and Michel Foucault, respectively. The article notes that concept analysis, as discussed here, stands in tension with modern forms of theory building yet is a creative source for theorising that accepts the unstable, political and context-bound nature of ontology.

This article takes as its point of departure Stefano Guzzini's recent call for 'ontological theorizing' as a reflexive engagement with central concepts. In an attempt to advance this agenda, the article presents an accessible overview of different approaches to concept analysis to stake out the field for a discussion of what ontological theorising might entail. The article advances the notion of concepts as 'basic' and lays out the parameters through which they obtain meaning, followed by a discussion of three approaches, which tackle the multifaceted nature of basic concepts within and across different contexts. These approaches are labelled 'historical', 'scientific' and 'political(critical)' and presented through the work of Reinhart Koselleck, Giovanni Sartori and Michel Foucault, respectively. The article notes that concept analysis, as discussed here, stands in tension with modern forms of theory building yet is a creative source for theorising that accepts the unstable, political and context-bound nature of ontology.

En este trabajo presentamos una aproximación a la extracción automática de estructuras conceptuales a partir de colecciones desordenadas de documentos, aprovechando regularidades léxicas a gran escala en los textos. Es una técnica para asociar un término con una constelación de otros términos que refleje lo esencial del significado. La metodología es independiente de la lengua. Se explora una colección de documentos donde el término inicial aparece (como la colección que devuelve un motor de búsqueda con esa interrogación) y se construye una red en la que cada nodo es asignado a un término. La ponderación de las conexiones entre nodos se incrementa cuando los términos que representan aparecen juntos en un contexto de extensión predefinida. Posibles aplicaciones son la generación automática de mapas conceptuales, la extracción de terminología, la recuperación de términos, su traducción, localización, etc. El sistema se encuentra actualmente en desarrollo, sin embargo experimentos preliminares muestran resultados prometedores. ; In this paper, we present an approach to the automatic extraction of conceptual structures from unorganized collections of documents using large scale lexical regularities in text. The technique maps a term to a constellation of other terms that captures the essential meaning of the term in question. The methodology is language independent, it involves an exploration of a document collection in which the initial term occurs (e.g., the collection returned by a search engine when being queried with this term) and the building of a network in which each node is assigned to a term. The weights of the connections between nodes are strengthened each time the terms that these nodes represent appear together in a context of a predefined length. Possible applications are automatic concept map generation, terminology extraction, term retrieval, term translation, term localization, etc. The system is currently under development although preliminary experiments show promising results. ; This paper was supported by the ADQUA scholarship granted to the first author by the Government of Catalonia, Spain, according to the resolution UNI/772/2003.

There is a lot of evidence showing that the level of compliance is a fundamental factor in determining the health status of people with diabetes mellitus. Although many treatments have been effective in treating this disease, there are still many patients who fail to achieve glycemic control which causes complications and premature death. The purpose of this analysis concept is to clarify the concept of compliance with diabetes mellitus patients so that it becomes the basis for understanding in decision making in avoiding complications and long-term adherence in diabetes management. This concept analysis uses eight methods of 8 step walker and avant from 11 articles reviewed. Compliance in carrying out antidiabetic therapy is an active participation of patients on an ongoing basis in carrying out the use of drugs, diet and exercise. The concept of this analysis serves to direct the mindset of nurses in determining standard guidelines and improving adherence to the regimen of diabetic patients.

The term conceptual understanding was analyzed to determine how educators can help students attain understanding in a concept based curriculum. The investigator sought to establish what salient dimensions and conditions supported conceptual understanding. A dimensional analysis of the term conceptual understanding was employed through a review of the literature in mathematics, science, psychology, and nursing education. The salient dimensions of conceptual understanding were identified as: factual and procedural knowledge, connections, transfer, and metacognition. The supporting properties included: meaningful learning activities, memorization, and misconceptions. The results substantiate conceptual understanding as a process. When this process is utilized by nurse educators, students may better connect and organize knowledge aiding in the knowledge transfer that occurs between theory and practice.

Worsening quality indicators of health care shake public trust. Although safety and quality of care in hospitals can be improved, healthcare quality remains conceptually and operationally vague. Therefore, the aim of this analysis is to clarify the concept of healthcare quality. Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis, the most commonly used in nursing literature, provided the framework. We searched general and medical dictionaries, public domain websites, and 5 academic literature databases. Search terms included health care and quality, as well as healthcare and quality. Peer-reviewed articles and government publications published in English from 2004 to 2016 were included. Exclusion criteria were related concepts, discussions about the need for quality care, gray literature, and conference proceedings. Similar attributes were grouped into themes during analysis. Forty-two relevant articles were analyzed after excluding duplicates and those that did not meet eligibility. Following thematic analysis, 4 defining attributes were identified: (1) effective, (2) safe, (3) culture of excellence, and (4) desired outcomes. Based on these attributes, the definition of healthcare quality is the assessment and provision of effective and safe care, reflected in a culture of excellence, resulting in the attainment of optimal or desired health. This analysis proposes a conceptualization of healthcare quality that defines its implied foundational components and has potential to improve the provision of quality care. Theoretical and practice implications presented promote a fuller, more consistent understanding of the components that are necessary to improve the provision of healthcare and steady public trust.

A common definition of caregiving does not exist. In an attempt to define the concept of caregiving, the authors used a hybrid qualitative model of concept development to analyze caregiving. The model consists of three phases: (a) theoretical, (b) fieldwork, and (c) analytical. The theoretical phase involves conducting an interdisciplinary literature search, examining existing definitions, and developing a working definition of caregiving. In the fieldwork phase, six participants were interviewed using a structured interview guide. Qualitative data analysis led to the development of two overarching themes: Holistic Care and Someone in Need of Help. Responses from participants were compared to the extant literature and a new definition of caregiving was thus formulated.

Background: A concept of physical activity level has been used wiely as a key variable in research. A clearly defined concept could help provide advance knowledge of the term and allow for analysis and clarification to ensure consistency in meaning and understandingPurpose: this concept analyses was examined the concept of physical activity levels that can be applied in clinical situation.Methods: Walker and Avant evolutionary method of concept analysis was used to collect and analyse the data. The CINAHL, MEDLINE, Ovid, and PubMed databases were searched for publications from 1990–2020. Search terms included physical activity, physical activity level, moderate-intensity of physical activity, and concept analysis. Data were analysed with particular focus on the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept.Results: Defining attributes of physical activity level were identified as personal to express number of daily physical activity (include intensity, frequency and duration) and to estimate a total of energy expenditure. Antecedents for physical activity to occur there should be living, conscious being to experience it, can movement or activity, and healthy. Consequences of physical activity levels viewed on a continuum from negative and positive.Conclusion: This concept analysis provided an in-depth analysis and clarification of physical activity levels. Studies needed to explore physical activity level for specific risk group likes high-risk of diabetes; behavior and psychological aspects influences physical activity level; trend and issues of physical activity level related with transcultural aspects; and government support to promote physical activity program.

"Concept analysis is an established genre of inquiry in nursing introduced in the 1970s. Currently, over 100 concept studies are published annually, yet the methods used within this field have rarely been questioned. In Concept Analysis in Nursing: A New Approach, Paley provides a critical analysis of the philosophical assumptions that underpin nursing's concept analysis methods. He argues, provocatively, that there are no such things as concepts, as traditionally conceived. Drawing on Wittgenstein and Construction Grammar, the book first makes a case for dispensing with the traditional concept of a 'concept', and then provides two examples of a new approach, examining the use of 'hope' and 'moral distress'. Casting doubt on the assumption that 'hope' always stands for an 'inner' state of the person, the book shows that the word's function varies with the grammatical construction tit appears in. Similarly, it argues that 'moral distress' is not the name of a mental state, but a normative classification used to bolster a narrative concerning nursing's identity. Concept Analysis in Nursing is a fresh and challenging book written by a philosopher interested in nursing. It will appeal to researchers and postgraduate students in the areas of nursing, health, philosophy and linguistics. It will also interest those familiar with the author's previous book, 'Phenomenology as Qualitative Research"--

The concept of contracting for safety, although a popularly accepted method for managing suicidal patients, has no scientific evidence to support its effectiveness. There are questions regarding the clinical justification. This article provides a concept analysis of contracting for safety to evolve and clarify exemplary criteria of the concept within psychiatric nursing practice. At times in clinical practice, contracting is often the primary factor in clinical decision-making, justifying a lower level of intervention. If a patient is inebriated or psychotic, he or she cannot enter into a legal contract. There may be undue reliance on the patient's apparent willingness to contract for safety. There may be little opportunity to establish a therapeutic relationship with the concomitant rapport and trust necessary for contracting. If it is used at all, contracting for safety should be used judiciously.

The book studies the existing and potential connections between Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) by showing how standard SNA techniques, usually based on graph theory, can be supplemented by FCA methods, which rely on lattice theory. The book presents contributions to the following areas: acquisition of terminological knowledge from social networks, knowledge communities, individuality computation, other types of FCA-based analysis of bipartite graphs (two-mode networks), multimodal clustering, community detection and description in one-mode and multi-mode networks, adaptation of the dual-projection approach to weighted bipartite graphs, extensions to the Kleinberg's HITS algorithm as well as attributed graph analysis.