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This research review highlights the complex, dynamic relationship between citizenship - as membership status - and the constitutional law that provides the cornerstone of all polities. It shows the many different ways in which we must use constitutional law in order to fully understand how one becomes a citizen, and what the meaning of citizenship is. It also analyses the key works which cover national, transnational and international aspects of the topic, providing a particular focus on how constitutional law constructs and upholds the range of citizenship rights. This research review will be a valuable source of reference for students, academics and practitioners interested in citizenship and constitutional law

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- The Author -- Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- General Introduction -- 1. AN OVERVIEW OF SPANISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY -- 2. THE DRAFTING OF THE 1978 CONSTITUTION -- 3. FORM OF GOVERNMENT -- I. The Social and Democratic State of Law -- A. The State of Law -- B. Superior Values of the Legal Order -- II. Parliamentary Monarchy -- III. The Autonomous State -- 4. THE TERRITORY OF THE STATE (GEOGRAPHICAL DATA) -- 5. POPULATION (DEMOGRAPHIC DATA) -- Part I. The Sources of Law -- Chapter 1. The Constitution -- 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS -- I. A Consensual Normative Constitution -- II. A Final Constitution with a Complex Structure -- III. An Open Text: The Real Constitution -- 2. REFORM OF THE CONSTITUTION -- I. General Questions -- II. The Ordinary Reform Procedure -- III. The Extraordinary Reform Procedure -- Chapter 2. International Treaties -- 1. THE CONCLUSION OF TREATIES -- 2. THE INTEGRATION OF TREATIES IN THE SPANISH LEGAL SYSTEM -- Chapter 3. Laws and Norms with the Force of Law -- 1. CLASSES OF NORMS WITH THE FORCE OF LAW -- I. Ordinary Law -- II. Organic Law -- III. The Legislative Decree -- IV. Decree-Law -- V. Autonomous Law -- 2. THE INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NORMS WITH THE FORCE OF LAW -- Chapter 4. Jurisprudence -- Chapter 5. Unwritten Law -- 1. CUSTOMARY LAW -- 2. THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW -- Chapter 6. Regulations -- Chapter 7. Codification, Interpretation and Publication -- 1. CODIFICATION -- 2. INTERPRETATION -- 3. PUBLICATION -- Part II. The Form of Government -- Chapter 1. A General Overview -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. POLITICAL PARTIES AND INTEREST GROUPS -- 3. MISCELLANEOUS: REFERENDUMS AND POPULAR INITIATIVES -- Chapter 2. The Head of State -- 1. DESIGNATION -- 2. LEGAL STATUS OF THE KING -- 3. FUNCTIONS OF THE KING -- Chapter 3. The State Parliament.

v. 1. An introduction to American Constitutional Law -- National power : Article I and the powers and limits of Congress -- Limits on federal power : the federal structure, the 10th Amendment, and state sovereign immunity -- Powers and limits of the federal courts -- The role of the President -- Limits on state power : preemption, the Dormant Commerce Clause, and the Privileges and Immunities Clause -- The incorporation of the Bill of Rights -- Substantive due process -- v. 2. Procedural due process -- Freedom of speech and press. pt. I. Overview : a graphic review of the 1st Amendment ; pt. II. The 1st Amendment and government control of the content of expression ; pt. III. The 1st Amendment : restrictions on time, place, and manner of expression--regulating governmental property ; pt. IV. The 1st Amendment and limits on political campaigns -- Freedom of religion -- Equal protection -- Governmental actors, private actors, and the scope of the 13th and 14th Amendments

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- The Authors -- Table of Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- General Introduction -- 1. AN OUTLINE OF FRENCH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY -- I. From Constitutional Revolutions to the Emergence of the Parliamentary Regime (1789-1875) -- II. The Third Republic (1875-1940) -- A. The Institutions of the Third Republic -- B. The Practice of the Regime -- III. The Fourth Republic (1946-1958) -- A. The Institutions of the Fourth Republic -- B. The Practice of the Regime -- IV. The Fifth Republic (1958 to Present) -- A. Adoption of the Constitution -- B. Evolution of the Constitution -- 2. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRENCH STATE -- I. The Indivisibility of the Republic -- A. A Unitary State -- B. A Decentralized Organization -- II. Secularism -- III. A Democratic and Social Republic -- A. Democracy and the Rule of Law -- B. A Social Republic -- IV. The Political Regime -- A. A Parliamentary Republic -- B. A Semi-Presidential Regime -- 1. The Pre-eminence of the President of the Republic -- 2. The Periods of Cohabitation -- 3. STATE TERRITORY -- I. A Complex Territorial Organization -- II. Powers of Local Authorities -- 4. POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS -- Selected Further Reading -- Part I. Sources of Constitutional Law -- Chapter 1. Treaties -- 1. THE TREATY-MAKING POWER -- 2. THE POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES IN THE DOMESTIC NORMATIVE HIERARCHY -- I. The Supra-Legislative and Infra-Constitutional Position of International Treaties -- II. The Subordination of International Treaties to the Constitution -- A. The General Subordination of International Treaties to the Constitution -- B. The Special Constitutional Position of EU Law -- Chapter 2. The Constitution -- 1. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSTITUTIONAL NORMS -- I. The Supremacy of the Constitution.