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Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Series Preface -- Introduction -- PART I: GENERAL PRINCIPLES -- 1 Joseph Raz (1977), 'The Rule of Law and its Virtue', Law Quarterly Review -- 1. The Basic Idea -- 2. Some Principles -- 3. The Value of the Rule of Law -- 4. The Rule of Law and its Essence -- 5. Some Pitfalls -- 2 Herbert Wechsler (1959), 'Toward Neutral Principles of Constitutional Law',Harvard Law Review, -- I. The Basis of Judicial Review -- II. The Standards of Review -- III. Some Appraisals of Review -- PART II: ON SLAVERY -- 3 Edward S. Corwin (1911), 'The Dred Scott Decision, in the Light of Contemporary Legal Doctrines', American Historical Review -- 4 William M. Wiecek (1974), 'Somerset: Lord Mansfield and the Legitimacy of Slavery in the Anglo-American World', University of Chicago Law Review -- i -- II -- Ill -- IV -- V -- VI -- VII -- PART III: ON SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RIGHTS PRIOR TO THEKEYNESIAN ORTHODOXY -- 5 Roscoe Pound (1909), 'Liberty of Contract', Yale Law Journal -- 6 Harold J. Laski (1926), 'Judicial Review of Social Policy in England', Harvard Law Review -- PART IV: ON THE LIBERTY OF THE PERSON IN TIME OF WAR -- 7 Eugene V. Rostow (1945), 'The Japanese American Cases - A Disaster', Yale LawJournal, -- I -- II -- Ill -- IV -- V -- 8 R.F.V. Heuston (1970), 'Liversidge v. Anderson in Retrospect', Law QuarterlyReview -- PART V: THE SOUTH(ERN) AFRICAN CRISIS OF THE 1890s AND 1950s -- 9 L.M. Thompson (1954), 'Constitutionalism in the South African Republics', Butterworths South African Law Review, -- INTRODUCTION -- THE ORANGE FREE STATE8 -- THE SOUTH AFRICAN REPUBLIC -- CONCLUSION -- 10 Denis V. Cowen (1953), 'The Entrenched Sections of the South Africa Act: TwoGreat Legal Battles', South African Law Journal

In 1970 Belgium established three Communities: the French, Flemish and German-speaking Communities. It was then in 1980 that three regions were set up: Walloon, Flemish and Brussels. Further amendments to the Constitution were made on 7 and 15 July 1988, as well as a special law of 8 August 1988 amending the original law of 8 August 1980. It is essential to say that most of the changes and principles governing the organisation and functioning of both the three Communities and the three regions date back to 1970 and 1980. The international nature of the Community's role in 1970 is significant. In 1980, an Arbitration Court was provided for by the Constitution and established to settle conflicts between the laws and decrees of the Communities and the Regions. The Federal State is characterised by two features: autonomy and co-operation. In 1988, the Arbitration Court continued the work of constitutional justice and verifies the conformity of laws or decrees with the provisions of international law and in particular European law. ; En 1970 la Belgique a instauré trois Communautés : les Communautés française, flamande et germanophone. Puis c'est en 1980 que se sont mises en place trois Régions : wallonne, flamande et bruxelloise. De nouveaux amendements à la Constitution ont été faits le 7 et le 15 juillet 1988, ainsi qu'une loi spéciale du 8 août 1988 qui est venue modifier la loi originale du 8 août 1980. Il est indispensable de dire que l'essentiel des changements et des principes d'organisation et de fonctionnement des trois Communautés aussi bien que des trois Régions datent de 1970 et de 1980. Le caractère international du rôle que les Communautés ont joué en 1970 est significatif. En 1980, une Cour d'arbitrage a été prévue par la Constitution et créée afin de régler les conflits entre les lois et les décrets des Communautés et des Régions. L'Etat fédéral se caractérise par deux traits : l'autonomie et la co-opération. En 1988 la Cour d'arbitrage poursuit l'oeuvre de justice constitutionnelle et vérifie la ...

The impact of EU membership on the UK constitution has been profound. In the Miller (Article 50) case, the Supreme Court described the effect of the European Communities Act 1972 (ECA) – the means by which EU membership was given effect within the UK – as being unprecedented in constitutional terms. Not only did it provide for a new source of law, and a new constitutional process for making law in the UK, it also fundamentally changed the UK's system of government and the way in which we think about the location and exercise of public power.