Suchergebnisse

Temelj socijalne države čini sustav socijalne zaštite i sigurnosti. U operativno-metodološkom kontekstu radi se o troškovima socijalne sigurnosti. Jedna od najvećih stavki odnosi se na mirovine, kao (naj)veće komponente ukupnih izdataka za socijalne prestacije u svim zemljama Europske unije, pa tako i u Republici Hrvatskoj. Namjera rada nije ulaziti u analizu postojećeg mirovinskog sustava, namjera je konstatirati da pritisak davanja za mirovine uvjetovan pogoršanjem odnosa broja zaposlenih i broja umirovljenika nije zaobišao ni Republiku Hrvatsku, što je rezultiralo novim izazovima i pitanjima koje treba riješiti. Jedno od pitanja koje je predmet rada jest može li potrošački stečaj kao mjera sa socijalnim obilježjem kompenzirati negativne posljedice većeg broja umirovljenika i manjih mirovina u slučaju da se kod starijih osoba javi potreba za njegovim pokretanjem. ; System of social protection and security represent basis of social (welfare) state. In the operational- methodological context, it is about social security costs. One of the largest items refers to pensions, as the (largest) component of total expenditures for social benefits in all countries of the European Union, including the Republic of Croatia. The intention of this paper is not to enter into the analysis of the existing pension system, but to state that the pressure of pension payments due to the deteriorating ratio of employees and retirees has not bypassed the Republic of Croatia, which has resulted in new challenges and issues to be addressed. One of the questions, that is the main subject of the paper, is whether consumer bankruptcy as a measure with a social feature can compensate for the negative consequences of a larger number of pensioners and lower pensions in the situation that the elderly need to initiate it.

The paper deals with the protection of the private and public spheres in surveillance capitalism. Predictions on consumer behaviour or the so-called behavioural surpluses are extracted from the set of collected (big) data of users/consumers from the so-called digital footprints, which become intelligence data, commodities on the data market. In addition to predicting user behaviour, various behavioural techniques push, or nudge users in a particular desired consumer or political direction or action, or dark nudge techniques when it comes to unauthorized data collection on users in the digital sphere. Surveiling and nudging users is done in the range from caring for their health, well-being and benefits, as well as general and public well-being, to encouraging expenditure, desired behaviour or voting in the desired direction of subjects who create such incentives (corporations, political parties, governments, etc.). The subject of the paper is based on behavioural economics which has introduced behavioural techniques in the field of public policy. The author proposes conceptual model of protective and active approach in the era of surveillance capitalism in the private and public spheres. An overview of the current digital regulation in the EU is given, and the need for further development of the legislative framework that will regulate the issues of supervision and protection of privacy and user data is pointed out. ; Rad se bavi zaštitom privatne i javne sfere u nadzirućem kapitalizmu. Iz skupa prikupljenih (big data) podataka korisnika/potrošača iz tzv. digitalnih otisaka ekstrahiraju se predviđanja o ponašanju korisnika ili tzv. bihevioralni višak koja postaju izvjesnice (intelligence podaci), roba na tržištu podataka. Osim predviđanja ponašanja korisnika, različitim se bihevioralnim tehnikama korisnike "gura" ili "potiče" (nudge) u određenom željenom potrošačkom ili političkom smjeru ili djelovanju, a kada je riječ o neovlaštenom prikupljanju podataka o korisnicima u digitalnoj sferi, radi se o dark nudge ...