Este artículo discute algunas de las teorías y conceptos más adecuados para el análisis de la acción política de los actores empresariales con el objeto de desarrollar y enriquecer las herramientas teóricas que permitan dar cuenta de sus acciones y la manera en que contribuyen a dar forma al poder político en la sociedad contemporánea. En la primera parte se revisan las perspectivas teóricas empleadas para analizar a este actor social; en la segunda, se abordan algunos conceptos sobre los poderes de los actores empresariales, especialmente de los grandes empresarios que aluden a las posiciones sociales en las que están insertos y de las que dimanan poderes muy efectivos; en la tercera sección se analizan los mecanismos de poder o poderes "sobre las personas", mientras que en la cuarta y última se aportan herramientas para el análisis de las organizaciones gremiales de empresarios. Esta contribución recurre a las teorías surgidas de los estudios organizacionales y concluye que el uso de este repertorio de instrumentos permite la elaboración de mejores análisis políticos sobre los actores empresariales y los agregados sociales en los que actúan.
Views joint ventures as settings for cultural learning and socialization into national diversity; describes differences and similarities between intercultural management in French-Mexican business environment. Summary in English p. 498.
Analyzes participation of women in middle- & high-management positions in private companies in Mexico. Statistical data & commercial directories of large corporations are drawn on to show how the presence of women diminishes as occupational hierarchies become more vertical by virtue of social & organizational barriers & the glass ceiling that women confront in their executive advancement & careers. Interview data from managers in human resources & women in management positions in private companies reveal the probability of finding women managers across various businesses. Occupational hierarchies of women are also analyzed in light of their relation with other variables: position type, management area, education level, marital status, & family life. Bibliographic sources that show the situation of executives in several countries are examined to underscore similarities & differences & obstacles that women confront at national & world levels. 11 Tables, 2 Figures, 50 References. Adapted from the source document.
This work aims to identify the potential of corporate museums as organizational memory initiatives, as well as the contribution of these spaces to internal communication as assets to strengthen a company's culture. In this qualitative research, we conducted a bibliographic study, in which we identified in the literature since the need for the feeling of belonging to society; the advent of the "memory culture" phenomenon; the formalization of the past in places of memory; and the interface of these social movements within organizations - with the rise of corporate museums. As an intersection of structuring the past, in Brazil and in the world, there are historical periods marked by changes in power and political freedoms. To understand and identify this process, we analyzed six corporate museums, which are owned and operated by traditional private organizations, installed over 40 years ago in Fortaleza and neighboring municipalities, in the state of Ceará. Thus, we structured the results of applying a semi-structured questionnaire in a table, which was sent by e-mail to those responsible for these memory spaces. The questions were constructed, aligned with the theoretical concepts presented and in search of the specific objectives to identify: the potential contribution of these corporate museums as a tool of internal communication in the management of people; understand the role of these spaces in the development and consolidation of the sense of identification and belonging of the internal public, through the transmission of institutional values. We also structured the analysis of data and institutional information collected in the table, characterizing each museum. Thus, by mapping the type of collection, the place where they work and the directions of the narrative exposed in the analyzed spaces, it is possible to dimension perspectives for the questioning of an organization, after all, "Museum, for what? ". In other words, what is the intention of each memory space, what message do want to strengthen with visitors, for example. Still, among the contributions presented for academic studies and professional performance, are: an unprecedented proposal, not found in the literature, for the classification of potential explored by the internal communication area (low, good and high). Regarding this classification, it is worth mentioning that we were guided by the purpose of finding perspectives for academic studies, as well as for professional performance in organizational communication, not having the objective, therefore, to tax any evidence found, right or wrong, but rather to give light to the opportunities already understood and explored by the internal communication, human resources and public relations sectors of one organization, but not yet strengthened in another. In our studies, we have also identified the possibilities of strategic use of this organizational memory by the areas of internal communication, public relations and HR, such as tax exemptions, in addition to the direct relationship of corporate museum projects to the high management of the initiatives studied. The literature and the studied spaces also showed us that the memory of a company, as well as its organizational culture, can be seen as a strategic element, of affirmation and positioning in the market in times of great changes. Understanding the internal public and its potential to multiply organizational culture is also a possible and necessary look at companies memory projects. We also bring the contribution that, in order to be strategic in strengthening ties and for the perpetuation of institutional values in the internal environment, the corporate museum needs to be aligned with the effort to consolidate the collective memory of the social context in which the organization is inserted.
Before asking what a student movement is, one must understand the nature of the institution in which such movements are born: the university. Ever since the High Middle Ages, the university has been characterized by its corporate structure. This implies a certain amount of isolation with the outside. Moreover, as a corporation, a university means hierarchy & privilege. These two elements may be dangerous when the institution is penetrated by politicians. In fact, the political invasion of scientific spheres terribly deforms the notion of autonomy. Thus, hierarchy, privilege, & isolation produce an explosive mixture: the university looses its nature as a source of knowledge & turns into a parcel of corruption. Certainly, a free university must not divorce itself from reality; however, social interaction & feedback must evolve, meaning mature ideas & not utopian anachronism. In short, the author concludes, a university must generate social confidence, starting with itself. Adapted from the source document.
The purpose of the research was to define the theoretical, administrative and civil law aspects of the regulation of social relations. Consequently, the article specifies the means of social regulation, which include components of legal, moral, corporate and customary, etc. type. It has been shown that legal regulation of social relations is defined as an intentional action on the behavior of people and social relations with the help of legal (juridical) means. The methodological basis of the research is presented as comparative-legal and systematic analysis, formal-legal method, method of interpretation, hermeneutic method, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. By way of conclusion it has been proved that since the object of legal regulation is presented as social relations, legal regulation is determined by some objective and subjective factors. As contributions, the following factors of social relations have been determined: level of economic development of society; social structure of society; level of maturity and stability of social relations; level of legal culture of citizens; level of certainty of the subject of social relations, means and methods of legal regulation.
The main objective of this paper is to start from the concept of fake news applied, in this case, not to journalistic information, but to the field of companies to determine how information and institutional communication can be distorted, and even attacked, by the dissemination of unverified (or malicious) information through the enormous dissemination provided by new technologies derived from the Internet, mainly social networks. This virality brought about by the digitalization of information and data can lead to truly damaging discredit for the trust of organizations among their different audiences. Precisely, the relational perspective (Grunig & Hung-Baesecke, 2015; Ledingham, 2015) maintains that the nature of public relations lies in its ability to manage relationships between an organization and its public of interest or stakeholders (Grunig, 2009) through through a strategically planned process (Otero and Pulido-Polo, 2018; Almiron & Xifra, 2019; Page & Parnel, 2019; Smith, 2017) capable of placing before public opinion (Greenhill, 2020) the excellence of organizational behavior. The purpose of this process is none other than to generate trust in the public, but its main obstacle, since the origin of public relations, has been public misinformation.To achieve the main objective of this paper, an exploratory methodological design is carried out, of a qualitative nature, in two phases: data collection and analysis. For the collection of data, the techniques of direct observation, participant observation and the use of data from secondary sources, eminently bibliographical, are used. To the review of the consulted sources, a systematic search of the terms is added: 'fake news', 'fake news + company/organization', 'corporate disinformation', 'disinformation + company/organization' (in English, Spanish and Portuguese) in the scientific databases Mendeley and Google Scholar. For the analysis, carried out between April 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022 by the undersigned researchers, a data matrix was created in Excel and the Atlas.ti software, version 21.0.8, was used. , from NK Qualitas. Finally, a total population of 239,700 files is obtained which, based on the data systematization criterion with a representative sample, represents a study corpus of n=23,970. The results show that almost 60% of the articles are indexed in the Journal Citation Report or Scopus databases, are concentrated in the areas "Information and Documentation", "Social Sciences" or "Miscellaneous" and revolve around the politics (almost 60%), "Economy" (19%), "Diseases and public health" (16%) and "Art, heritage and culture" (3%). Likewise, the most mentioned concepts are "Disinformation + fake news" (73%), "fact-checking" (13%) and "deepfakes" (8%). Interestingly, the percentages have been similar (around 2%) in the cases of the terms not searched for but found "legislation", "media literacy" or "educommunication" and "corporate misinformation". The conclusions show that there is disinformation whenever there is an attempt to manipulate, confuse or deceive with information of doubtful, misleading or false origin; that the concept of corporate disinformation is still to be developed; that, indeed, the dissemination of fake news affects the public perception of the organizations and that the use of artificial intelligence is revealed as an important tool for the development of new mechanisms for detecting fake news.
En el presente artículo se analizan las movilizaciones masivas que se sucedieron en el espacio social del Zócalo (Plaza de la Constitución de la Ciudad de México) durante la década de los sesenta del siglo pasado. Se muestra el cambio social y político contrastando las movilizaciones de las bases sociales cautivas de apoyo de los gobiernos de Adolfo López Mateos y Gustavo Díaz Ordaz con los movimientos sociales emergentes de sectores medios que confrontaron al régimen político de la Revolución mexicana demandando democracia política, el fin el autoritarismo y de la organización corporativa de los trabajadores organizados.
