This article tries to highlight the factor of national identity in the theoretical framework of country branding, introducing the term of "articulation", in process of which the intangible national identity is transformed into the place identity. Japanese Nihon(jin)ron, being the integral part of Japanology or Japanese studies, participates as an important part of this process, and is utilised by the Japanese government for the purposes of country branding. One of the peculiarities and successful aspects of Japanese country branding could be the systematic and centralised management of both the inner and worldwide resources on Japan, what makes Japanese studies not the chaotic set of information ( as it is in majority of countries), but a controllable phenomenon.
This article tries to highlight the factor of national identity in the theoretical framework of country branding, introducing the term of "articulation", in process of which the intangible national identity is transformed into the place identity. Japanese Nihon(jin)ron, being the integral part of Japanology or Japanese studies, participates as an important part of this process, and is utilised by the Japanese government for the purposes of country branding. One of the peculiarities and successful aspects of Japanese country branding could be the systematic and centralised management of both the inner and worldwide resources on Japan, what makes Japanese studies not the chaotic set of information ( as it is in majority of countries), but a controllable phenomenon.
This article tries to highlight the factor of national identity in the theoretical framework of country branding, introducing the term of "articulation", in process of which the intangible national identity is transformed into the place identity. Japanese Nihon(jin)ron, being the integral part of Japanology or Japanese studies, participates as an important part of this process, and is utilised by the Japanese government for the purposes of country branding. One of the peculiarities and successful aspects of Japanese country branding could be the systematic and centralised management of both the inner and worldwide resources on Japan, what makes Japanese studies not the chaotic set of information ( as it is in majority of countries), but a controllable phenomenon.
Each country faces both export and import risks in its trade. The analysis of this research seeks to answer the question about what kind of risks are posed by imports. The purpose of the document is to analyze the purpose of the import and most common risks posed by imports and to assess the trends in imports of Lithuanian agricultural and food products. A distinction between the main risks posed by imports is made. The importance of imports for foreign trade is discussed. The study is based on an analysis of the scientific literature and analysis of statistical data for an assessment of Lithuania's import trends. Empirical research covers the period of 2015-2019. Data from Statistics Lithuania and Customs Department are used. Analysis of total imports of agricultural and food products, distinguishing imports from EU and other countries was made. Also, trends of re-export and import to produce was made. The export of agricultural and food products of Lithuania has been positively affected by import. The directions for future investigations are completed
The work was made by Andrius Bakštonas, Political sociology master's degree extramural student of VPU Social sciences faculty Sociology and political sciences department. The purpose of investigation was to research the role of ethnical culture to the development of country tourism. These hypotheses were hypothesized in the work: 1. According to respondents' opinion, the structure of Lithuania's tourism is suitable for upholding of the ethnical culture and the country tourism is appreciable as one of the basic ways that helps to uphold the ethnical culture. 2. The main elements of ethnical culture, that motivates to choose the country tourism are nature (the forest, the water body), the distant civilization. 3. Three social groups of respondents' (the owners of the country granges, holidaymakers and country folks) appreciate the adaptability of ethnical culture elements (architectural heritage, nutrition heritage, cultural heritage) in developing of country tourism differently. There were 110 respondents questioned during the investigation that was performed in region of Vilnius. The analysis of the investigation was made depending on common respondents' answers and on answers of different respondents' groups (respondents were marshaled depending on their social status to three groups: the owners of the country granges, holidaymakers and country folks). There was made the analysis of the results of investigation information and it emerged that hypotheses: 1. According to respondents' opinion, the structure of Lithuania's tourism is suitable for upholding of the ethnical culture and the country tourism is appreciable as one of the basic ways that helps to uphold the ethnical culture, is proved; 2. The main elements of ethnical culture, that motivates to choose the country tourism are nature (the forest, the water body), the distant civilization, is proved; 3. Three social groups of respondents' (the owners of the country granges, holidaymakers and country folks) appreciate the adaptability of ethnical culture elements (architectural heritage, nutrition heritage, cultural heritage) in developing of country tourism differently, is proved.
The work was made by Andrius Bakštonas, Political sociology master's degree extramural student of VPU Social sciences faculty Sociology and political sciences department. The purpose of investigation was to research the role of ethnical culture to the development of country tourism. These hypotheses were hypothesized in the work: 1. According to respondents' opinion, the structure of Lithuania's tourism is suitable for upholding of the ethnical culture and the country tourism is appreciable as one of the basic ways that helps to uphold the ethnical culture. 2. The main elements of ethnical culture, that motivates to choose the country tourism are nature (the forest, the water body), the distant civilization. 3. Three social groups of respondents' (the owners of the country granges, holidaymakers and country folks) appreciate the adaptability of ethnical culture elements (architectural heritage, nutrition heritage, cultural heritage) in developing of country tourism differently. There were 110 respondents questioned during the investigation that was performed in region of Vilnius. The analysis of the investigation was made depending on common respondents' answers and on answers of different respondents' groups (respondents were marshaled depending on their social status to three groups: the owners of the country granges, holidaymakers and country folks). There was made the analysis of the results of investigation information and it emerged that hypotheses: 1. According to respondents' opinion, the structure of Lithuania's tourism is suitable for upholding of the ethnical culture and the country tourism is appreciable as one of the basic ways that helps to uphold the ethnical culture, is proved; 2. The main elements of ethnical culture, that motivates to choose the country tourism are nature (the forest, the water body), the distant civilization, is proved; 3. Three social groups of respondents' (the owners of the country granges, holidaymakers and country folks) appreciate the adaptability of ethnical culture elements (architectural heritage, nutrition heritage, cultural heritage) in developing of country tourism differently, is proved.
The main point of the master's thesis is to analyze country as a tourism brand emphasizing its emotional element. Country brand is one of the many brand types and belongs to the group of destination brands, which is oriented to the tourism sector. Country brand differs from other brand types and is characterized as being global, functional, social, multiple, substitute, emotional, and durable. In relation with economical, political or social changes re-branding process is needed in order to shape or even recover country image. In this work the list of most popular recommendations for successful country brand creation or re-branding is proposed some perceptions of tourist's needs, motivations and travel behavior are also given. While analyzing the perception of emotions the difference of the main terms is described: "emotions" reveal the emotional reactions and the "affect" has the meaning of the emotional experience. There are several types of emotions: one classifies them into inherent, intrinsic and incidental; the other classification notes emotions being positive, negative and bi-directional. Conception of involvement includes marketing communications, advertising, consumer behavior and shows the strength of the emotional relation with the country brand. Previous empirical research of destination branding has proved importance of stressing its representational aspect. This can be done through the emotions evoked. For this reason another research was initialized to investigate emotions which are provoked by country ads also forms an attitude towards the country brand. It was tried to find out which ad and logo characteristics evoke particular affects. The focus group interview took place in Denmark and was organized among international English-speaking students. During this research following 6 hypotheses were set. The first one was set to prove that depending on the type of emotions particular attitude towards country brand is formed. The second hypotheses set to prove if affectionate and good quality country ad positively effects person's decision to visit the country. High intensity of emotions shows high involvement of the country brand. Positive emotional relation is formed only when there is no previous experience or attitude towards the country. Video clip makes greater impact on the attitude towards the country, than country logo can do. These are the points that were also questioned in this research. Finally, it was hypothesized that synthesis of affective experience and rational thinking is important while building an attitude towards the country brand. This master thesis is unique because it combines branding country as a tourism object and also postulates impact of emotional evaluation. It also proposes new definitions of this topic in Lithuanian which still has no antecedent.
The main point of the master's thesis is to analyze country as a tourism brand emphasizing its emotional element. Country brand is one of the many brand types and belongs to the group of destination brands, which is oriented to the tourism sector. Country brand differs from other brand types and is characterized as being global, functional, social, multiple, substitute, emotional, and durable. In relation with economical, political or social changes re-branding process is needed in order to shape or even recover country image. In this work the list of most popular recommendations for successful country brand creation or re-branding is proposed some perceptions of tourist's needs, motivations and travel behavior are also given. While analyzing the perception of emotions the difference of the main terms is described: "emotions" reveal the emotional reactions and the "affect" has the meaning of the emotional experience. There are several types of emotions: one classifies them into inherent, intrinsic and incidental; the other classification notes emotions being positive, negative and bi-directional. Conception of involvement includes marketing communications, advertising, consumer behavior and shows the strength of the emotional relation with the country brand. Previous empirical research of destination branding has proved importance of stressing its representational aspect. This can be done through the emotions evoked. For this reason another research was initialized to investigate emotions which are provoked by country ads also forms an attitude towards the country brand. It was tried to find out which ad and logo characteristics evoke particular affects. The focus group interview took place in Denmark and was organized among international English-speaking students. During this research following 6 hypotheses were set. The first one was set to prove that depending on the type of emotions particular attitude towards country brand is formed. The second hypotheses set to prove if affectionate and good quality country ad positively effects person's decision to visit the country. High intensity of emotions shows high involvement of the country brand. Positive emotional relation is formed only when there is no previous experience or attitude towards the country. Video clip makes greater impact on the attitude towards the country, than country logo can do. These are the points that were also questioned in this research. Finally, it was hypothesized that synthesis of affective experience and rational thinking is important while building an attitude towards the country brand. This master thesis is unique because it combines branding country as a tourism object and also postulates impact of emotional evaluation. It also proposes new definitions of this topic in Lithuanian which still has no antecedent.
All over the world countries are trying to use their advantages – natural resources, cultural heritage, landscape, geographical location, competent people and etc., with the reason to create social and economical welfare for local people. To create this the representatives of government are applying different marketing tools and country brand creation techniques in order to increase the notoriety and positive image of the country. Marketing communication is one of the marketing tools for creating country brand. The main object of this paper is marketing communications of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. The theoretical studies showed that the place where the country brand is formed is very important, because only appropriate chosen and used tools of communications could help to form desirable country brand. The spread of information through communications helps to know about oneness and possible benefit for objective markets. The empirical research showed that Estonia from all Baltic countries has the best country image both inside and outside the country. This country is considered as the most perspective and suitable for investments due to innovative solutions and capability to spread information internationally. The duration of made research presented in this paper is 30 days. This paper also contains 76 pages, 28 pictures and 6 tables.
All over the world countries are trying to use their advantages – natural resources, cultural heritage, landscape, geographical location, competent people and etc., with the reason to create social and economical welfare for local people. To create this the representatives of government are applying different marketing tools and country brand creation techniques in order to increase the notoriety and positive image of the country. Marketing communication is one of the marketing tools for creating country brand. The main object of this paper is marketing communications of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. The theoretical studies showed that the place where the country brand is formed is very important, because only appropriate chosen and used tools of communications could help to form desirable country brand. The spread of information through communications helps to know about oneness and possible benefit for objective markets. The empirical research showed that Estonia from all Baltic countries has the best country image both inside and outside the country. This country is considered as the most perspective and suitable for investments due to innovative solutions and capability to spread information internationally. The duration of made research presented in this paper is 30 days. This paper also contains 76 pages, 28 pictures and 6 tables.
For survival and institutionalization in the European and world markets, Lithuania needs to create and develop competitive economy, assure the wealth of its society by seeking quality of organizations, their goods and services. The purpose of this study is to formulate possible references of national quality policy and the system of its implementation tools. In the article, attitudes of European Quality Promotion Policy are reviewed; European Quality Vision created by European Quality Organization is analysed; the real situation in the area of quality assurance in Lithuania is summarized. There are proposed and reasoned elements of Quality Policy of Lithuania and the means of its implementation that should meet the requirements, actions and official documents used in the European Union. A comparative systematic analysis of scientific literature, legal acts, sources of information, methaanalysis, survey for business representatives were used for the study.
For survival and institutionalization in the European and world markets, Lithuania needs to create and develop competitive economy, assure the wealth of its society by seeking quality of organizations, their goods and services. The purpose of this study is to formulate possible references of national quality policy and the system of its implementation tools. In the article, attitudes of European Quality Promotion Policy are reviewed; European Quality Vision created by European Quality Organization is analysed; the real situation in the area of quality assurance in Lithuania is summarized. There are proposed and reasoned elements of Quality Policy of Lithuania and the means of its implementation that should meet the requirements, actions and official documents used in the European Union. A comparative systematic analysis of scientific literature, legal acts, sources of information, methaanalysis, survey for business representatives were used for the study.
For survival and institutionalization in the European and world markets, Lithuania needs to create and develop competitive economy, assure the wealth of its society by seeking quality of organizations, their goods and services. The purpose of this study is to formulate possible references of national quality policy and the system of its implementation tools. In the article, attitudes of European Quality Promotion Policy are reviewed; European Quality Vision created by European Quality Organization is analysed; the real situation in the area of quality assurance in Lithuania is summarized. There are proposed and reasoned elements of Quality Policy of Lithuania and the means of its implementation that should meet the requirements, actions and official documents used in the European Union. A comparative systematic analysis of scientific literature, legal acts, sources of information, methaanalysis, survey for business representatives were used for the study.
For survival and institutionalization in the European and world markets, Lithuania needs to create and develop competitive economy, assure the wealth of its society by seeking quality of organizations, their goods and services. The purpose of this study is to formulate possible references of national quality policy and the system of its implementation tools. In the article, attitudes of European Quality Promotion Policy are reviewed; European Quality Vision created by European Quality Organization is analysed; the real situation in the area of quality assurance in Lithuania is summarized. There are proposed and reasoned elements of Quality Policy of Lithuania and the means of its implementation that should meet the requirements, actions and official documents used in the European Union. A comparative systematic analysis of scientific literature, legal acts, sources of information, methaanalysis, survey for business representatives were used for the study.
