Suchergebnisse

This volume aims to investigate, with an interdisciplinary approach, how legal property regimes, land law and land registration systems are intertwined with economic, social, and political spheres; to analyse the social functions and legal and political implications of various land registration systems in different contexts and how, for example, they operated in a colonial framework; to scrutinise the relations between politics and property, as well as the transformation of the property concept, in its meaning and function. ; Introduction / Elisabetta Fiocchi Malaspina - Simona Tarozzi (pp. 9-13). -- Transfer of Immovable Properties, Publicity and Land Law in the Age of Justinian: the Perspective of the Praetorian Prefect / Silvia Schiavo (pp. 15-28). -- L'evasione fiscale come problema circolare nelle esperienze storiche: esempi della tarda antichità / Paola Bianchi (pp. 29-50). -- Land Grant in Late Antiquity: a pattern for Modern Colonial Regulations? / Simona Tarozzi (pp. 51-67). -- Contextualización iushistórica de la reforma agraria chilena (siglo XX) / Agustín Parise (pp. 69-93). -- La influencia del Derecho Romano en la adquisición y en el sistema de transferencia en los derechos reales en el siglo XIX, Argentina / Pamela Alejandra Cacciavillani (pp. 95-110). -- The indigenous concept of land in Andean constitutionalism / Silvia Bagni (pp. 111-136). -- The "trascrizione" system in Italy from the end of the nineteenth century to the promulgation of the civil code (1942) / Alan Sandonà (pp. 137-160). -- Registro e colonialismo em Angola / Mariana Dias Paes (pp. 161-176). -- Tracing Social Spaces: Global Perspectives on the History of Land Registration / Elisabetta Fiocchi Malaspina (pp. 177-202). -- The politics of real property in the Kingdom of Sardinia, 1720–1848 / Charles Bartlett (pp. 203-226).

Among the existing models in the Brazilian legal system that deals with the transfer of non-state public activities to private entities without profit, the management contract signed with entities qualified as Social Organizations stands out, inaugurated with Federal Law no. 9.637/98. This work focuses on addressing issues for which the edited legal norms were not able to solve. It addresses all the questions that involve everything from the qualification process of the entity, through its selection, to the execution of the management contract, with emphasis on the debates around its legal nature and related issues. It also focuseson the implementation phase of the adjustment and possible civil liability of the Social Organization. Finally, external control is also addressed, with emphasis on the performance of the Audit Cours. ; Dentre os modelos existentes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro que tratam da transferência de atividades públicas não-estatais a entes privados desprovidos de fins lucrativos, destaca-se o contrato de gestão firmado com entidades qualificadas como Organizações Sociais, inaugurado com a Lei Federal nº 9.637/98. Este trabalho volta-se ao enfrentamento de questões cujas normas legais editadas não foram capazes de solucionar. Aborda-se todos os questionamentos que envolvem desde o processo de qualificação da entidade, passando pela sua seleção, até a execução do contrato de gestão, com destaque para os debates em torno da sua natureza jurídica e questões afins. Foca-se, ainda, a fase de execução do ajuste e possível responsabilização civil da Organização Social. Por fim, o controle externo é também abordado, com ênfase à atuação dos Tribunais de Contas.

The Program of Culture for the Worker (Programa de Cultura do Trabalhador), launched in 2012 by the Federal Government of Brazil, is a public policy established to encourage cultural consumption by offering a voucher to access cultural events called – Vale-Cultura. From the bill to its publication (Law 12761 of 27 December 2012), it was handled between Goverment and Congress for four years, incorporating signification from both. This article aims to historicize the Vale-Cultura's narrative during the period the program's legal framework was being formulated. For this, an archive of 47 documents was analyzed using NVivo qualitative research software. The archaeological method of discursive analysis attributed to Michel Foucault was performed. Two discursive formations emerged from this analysis: "Culture's Commerce" and "Social Inclusion". Conclusions were presented and what was at first understood as contradictory, was later perceived as complementary. Finally, suggestions are proposed, considering the current performance of the program. ; El Programa de Cultura del Trabajador, lanzado en 2012 por el Gobierno Federal de Brasil, es una política pública para fomentar el consumo cultural, a través de la oferta de un beneficio comúnmente llamado Vale-Cultura. Desde el proyecto de ley hasta su publicación (Ley n.° 12761 del 27/12/2012), el programa tramitado por el poder ejecutivo y legislativo durante cuatro años, fue incorporando significados de acuerdo con los posicionamientos del Gobierno y del Congreso. En este artículo se pretende ubicar históricamente el discurso del ValeCultura durante el período de constitución de su marco legal. Para ello, se compuso un archivo con 47 documentos, que posteriormente se analizaron mediante el software de investigación cualitativa NVivo. Para este propósito, se utilizó el método arqueológico de análisis del discurso atribuido a Michel Foucault. De este análisis, surgieron dos formaciones discursivas: "Comercialización de la Cultura" e "Inclusión Social". Al presentar las conclusiones, lo que a primera vista podría parecer contradictorio, más tarde se percibe como complementario. Por último, también se sugieren reflexiones teniendo en cuenta el desempeño actual del programa. ; O Programa de Cultura do Trabalhador, lançado em 2012 pelo Governo Federal do Brasil, é uma política pública destinada ao incentivo do consumo cultural por meio da oferta de um benefício comumente chamado de Vale-Cultura. Do projeto de lei até a sua publicação (Lei No . 12.761 de 27/12/2012), o programa tramitou entre o executivo e o legislativo por 4 anos, incorporando significados de acordo com os posicionamentos do Governo e do Congresso. O presente artigo visa historicizar o discurso do Vale-Cultura durante o período de constituição do seu marco legal. Para isso, foi composto um arquivo com 47 documentos, posteriormente submetidos à análise pelo software de pesquisa qualitativa NVivo. Para tal, utilizou-se o método arqueológico de análise discursiva atribuído a Michel Foucault. Duas formações discursivas emergiram dessa análise: "Comercialização da Cultura" e "Inclusão Social". Conclusões foram apresentadas e o que poderia parecer à primeira vista contraditório mais tarde foi percebido como complementar. Finalmente, reflexões também foram sugeridas, considerando o desempenho atual do programa.

This article aims to study the changes brought by Federal Law 13,655/18 to the Law of Introduction to the Rules of Brazilian Law - LINDB from the perspective of the control of the Public Administration. We intend to analyze the new provisions added to the original legal diploma and its implications regarding the control of the activities performed by the Public Administration entities. One of the most relevant changes concerns the necessary assessment of the consequences of decisions taken by the public control bodies, the assessment related to the efficiency concerning the Public Administration activities, the greater role played by social participation, and, therefore, a more democratic scenario. On this basis, consensuality also acquires greater relevance. The analysis took place here starts from a historical retrospective of the control of Public Administration in Brazilian Law. Secondly, the different forms of control of the Public Administration are analyzed, and then the new concepts brought by the LINDB, as it was altered in the year 2018, are analyzed. ; O presente artigo tem por escopo o estudo das alterações trazidas pela Lei Federal 13.655/18 à Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro – LINDB, sob a perspectiva do controle da Administração Pública. Nesse esteio serão apreciados os novos dispositivos acrescidos ao diploma legal original e suas consequências no que toca o controle das atividades da Administração Pública. Nota-se que uma das mais relevantes alterações diz respeito à necessária apreciação das consequências das decisões a serem adotadas pelos órgãos de controle, a percepção de eficiência na ação administrativa, além da maior participação social e viés democrático. Nessa égide, a consensualidade também adquire relevância. A análise do tema partirá de um retrospecto histórico do controle da Administração Pública no Direito Brasileiro, passando pelas formas de controle da Administração Pública, para então analisarmos e discutirmos os novos conceitos inseridos na LINDB no ano de 2018.

A maioria dos países integrantes do Fórum das Ilhas do Pacífico(1) foi colônia ou protetorado britânico. Essa condição resultou na transposição de leis britânicas relativas à saúde pública que necessitam de revisão e reforma. Estes países também contam com uma rica tradição de direito consuetudinário e métodos de organização social anteriores à experiência colonial(2). Acrescente-se a esse ambiente legal pluralista, o fato de que todos os países do Pacífico ratificaram tratados de direitos humanos internacionais ou tratados que criam obrigações no direito internacional em relação à saúde. ; Most Pacific Island countries which are members of the Pacific Islands Forum have a history as British colonies or protectorates. This delivers a legacy of transplanted British style public health laws from the first half of the twentieth century, which are out of date and in need of review and reform. Pacific Island countries also have a rich tradition of customary laws and methods of social organisation predating their colonial experience. Added to this pluralist legal environment, all Pacific countries have ratified some international human rights treaties or treaties creating obligations at international law in relation to health.

The use of nanoscale is currently growing. The state legislative regulation on the matter is inexistent. There is the rise of self-regulation, as well as the creation of norms by other social actors. The system of Law needs to enter in the context of innovation, granting legal effects to this regulatory production. The temporality of the new forms of regulation and the ability to deal with future risks and damages represent other challenges for the legal area. The analysis of publications from the OECD and the Web of Science showed that the risk theme is still little discussed in the main scientific journals. From these findings, we present a framework as an regulatory alternative and guideline for the industry that develops products from nanotechnology. Investments in research, categorization and risk analysis throughout the product life cycle is a necessary requirement to guide the governance, the regulation and the self-regulation of the issue.

This paper analyses the problems of the rule of law in today's legal and constitutional discourse. The criticisms the rule of law principle is subjected to, which contribute to its downgrading and to changes in the legal standards that had been progressively achieved, are especially examined, namely, the so-called hyper-protection of fundamental rights and the difficult harmonization with the idea of efficiency. Furthermore, the author identifies the de facto conditions that accentuate the identified problems, such as the systemic deficit of the European Union and the jurisdictional deficit that has become evident since the economic crisis. ; O artigo analisa a problemática do Estado de Direito no discurso jurídicoconstitucional contemporâneo. Reflete-se, em particular, sobre as críticas a que o princípio está hoje sujeito, que conduzem à relativização e mudança dos "standards" de juridicidade progressivamente sedimentados, designadamente, o alegado excesso de garantismo e a difícil compatibilização com as ideias de eficácia e a eficiência. Por fim, identificam-se várias condições de facto que acentuam os problemas identificados, como o défice sistémico existente no quadro da União Europeia e o défice de juridicidade que se tornou evidente com a crise económica.

OBJETIVO: Descrever estudo de caso de intervenção de base comunitária, desenvolvido na perspectiva construcionista-emancipatória, para o controle das DST/Aids. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo desenvolvido no município de Manacapuru, Amazonas, de 1997-2004, sobre a utilização de procedimentos desenhados em colaboração com agentes governamentais, profissionais de saúde e comunidade. Foram levantados dados sobre a dinâmica da prostituição e a venda de preservativos na cidade, características comportamentais, avaliação do processo e da assistência às DST/Aids. Sincronicamente, estabeleceram-se ações de prevenção e assistência na rede pública de saúde às DST, centro de testagem, sistema de vigilância epidemiológica, e capacitação de trabalhadoras do sexo. RESULTADOS: Observou-se o fortalecimento das trabalhadoras do sexo como multiplicadoras e sua legitimação como cidadãs e agentes de saúde em projetos com travestis, homossexuais e escolares. Houve incremento da venda de preservativos na cidade, da utilização de preservativos entre trabalhadoras do sexo, redução das DST bacterianas e estabilização da ocorrência de infecção pelo HIV/Aids e sífilis congênita. A sustentabilidade do programa de intervenção estudado, organizado no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saude, foi estimulada pela pactuação política garantindo sede e orçamento regulamentado em lei municipal, e pelo debate permanente dos resultados do processo e programa. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo fortaleceu a noção de que o controle efetivo das DST/Aids depende de uma abordagem sinérgica que combine intervenções no plano individual (biológica-comportamental), sociocultural e programático. ; OBJECTIVE: To describe a case study of community-based intervention, developed in a constructionist-emancipatory framework to control STD/AIDS. METHODS: Descriptive study developed in the town of Manacapuru, in the state of Amazonas, from 1997 to 2004, focusing on procedures designed in collaboration with government agents, health professionals and the community. Data on the dynamics of prostitution and condom sales in this town, preventive practices and STD/AIDS care and process assessment were collected. Actions targeting STD prevention and care in the public healthcare system, a testing center, an epidemiological surveillance system and sex workers' qualification were established concomitantly. RESULTS: It was observed the strengthening of sex workers as peer educators and their legitimization as citizens and health agents in projects involving transvestites, homosexuals and students. There was an increase in condom sales in town, as well as in condom use among sex workers; reduction in bacterial STD; and stabilization of the incidence of HIV/AIDS infections and congenital syphilis. The sustainability of the intervention program studied, organized within the sphere of action of the Sistema Único de Saúde (National Health System), was promoted by a political pact, which guaranteed headquarters and municipal law-regulated budget, as well as by the constant debate over the process and program results. CONCLUSIONS: The study strengthened the notion that effective control of STD/AIDS depends on a synergic approach that combines interventions on individual (biological-behavioral), sociocultural and programmatic levels.

O presente artigo consiste em análise interdisciplinar dos resultados obtidos em uma pesquisa empírica realizada com as graduandas da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal Fluminense a respeito das suas representações sobre direitos reprodutivos no processo de formação universitária. Os dados coletados foram analisados com base em teorias sociais contemporâneas sobre relações de gênero e sobre ensino jurídico. Pretendeu-se, com isso, compreender as tensões entre saberes disciplinares e valores individuais no processo de formação universitária. O texto visa a contribuir para a produção de conhecimentos sobre o ethos profissional dos juristas, produzido desde as etapas iniciais de formação. Com isso, podem-se identificar tendências no que diz respeito ao tratamento jurídico de controvérsias ligadas aos direitos reprodutivos, uma vez que as representações de estudantes têm potencial efeito sobre a atuação dos atores do Sistema de Justiça em curto ou médio prazo. As intersecções entre representações sobre direitos reprodutivos, o ensino jurídico e a criminalização desta prática evidenciam as restrições para o exercício dos direitos sexuais e dos direitos reprodutivos das mulheres, bem como assinalam os limites para o aprofundamento dos direitos humanos e das mulheres e da democratização da sociedade brasileira. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa, é possível refletir a respeito da adequação dos currículos dos cursos de direito e problematizar acerca de diretrizes nacionais para a formação jurídica universitária. ; The present article consists of an interdisciplinary analysis of the results obtained in an empirical research carried out with undergraduates of the Law School of the Fluminense Federal University regarding their representations on reproductive rights in the process of higher education. Upon collection data were analyzed based on contemporary social theories on gender relations and on legal education. The aim was to understand the tensions between curricular knowledge and individual values in the basic training on the university level. The text aims to contribute to the production of knowledge about the professional ethos of legal experts, produced since the early stages of formation. As a result, one can identify trends regarding the legal treatment of controversies related to reproductive rights, because students´representations have a potential effect on the performance of the stakeholders within the Court System. The intersections between representations on reproductive rights, legal education and the criminalization of this practice highlight restrictions on the exercise of women's sexual rights and reproductive rights, as well as the limits on advancing human and women's rights and the democratization of women in the Brazilian society. The outcome of the research, makes it possible to think over whether the curriculum in Law courses are suitable and problematize the national guidelines for higher-education legal training.

The article considers boarding on the interaction between the State of Law and the market pursuant the juridical and economic analysis as an instrumental to investigate the social phenomenology, in special, referring to the reflections produced by the public agent´s action that operating the Law at the economic agent´s action in the market, detaching the effectiveness of the normative and disciplinary State´s roll. It denotes the in management of the State on the market, frequently causing ominous externalities for the fluidity of the production relations. The other hand, it points to the mistake of the minimal State in the existence of a weakened civil society in its civil and economic power, in this way, it presents a possible critic to the economic think on the juridical praxis. For in such a way, detaching the theoretical premises of defending thinkers of the juridical and economic vision as Karl Marx, Rudolph Stammler and the defenders of the economic-juridical rationality adequate to the Law and Economics (LaE) as Guido Calabresi, Ronald H. Coase and Richard A. Posner. It objectives to present delineations regarding the symbiosis between the State and the Market pointing in this way the politician-economic-juridical way of the currently occidental society. It uses the economic-legal methodology of the Economic Analysis of Law (EAL) and intends to clarify the generated economic-social effect pursuant the implement of the action in the social market and besides by the defended Social Economic Efficiency Principle (SEEP). The inquiry implies in a qualitative research, serving of the bibliographical way and legislation. The used method of boarding is the deductive and, referring to the finalities, it is an exploratory and explicative analysis. It concludes for the necessity of the State´s action on the market, with its power to discipline and normative reaching what is proposed as Legal Ethical Minimum (LEM); pursuant a responsible and ethical culture of production and consumerism capable of inclusion and to ...

This book develops a legal history of colonial women as a methodological approach to studying the women of Paraíba, a captaincy on the northeast coast of Brazil, from the end of the Dutch occupation (1661) to Brazilian independence in 1822. It uses the concept of multiple normativities to analyse dozens of daily life cases from Portuguese and Brazilian archives. To study women's everyday normative contexts in a colonial space, the author analyses traditional Ius Commune and Portuguese legal sources from different jurisdictions, but also legal doctrines, medical treatises, moralist works and literature to enrich interpretations in women's history, gender studies, feminist legal theory and legal history. Furthermore, she examines the impact of these normative traditions in the colonial Captaincy of Paraíba and focuses on normativities of a more pragmatic character, analysing archival documents portraying women's daily life situations relating to both secular and religious jurisdictions. The analysis demonstrates that the law from the metropole neither offered pre-established solutions for women's daily lives, nor was it applied unchanged in the colony. On the ground, law was dynamic, and the interplay of multiple normativities provided different possibilities that depended on the intersection of women's condition and status, religion and sexual options, proving that sex and gender categories are not immutable, but, on the contrary, flexible according to the practices of law in colonial Paraíba.