Suchergebnisse

In the context of the Human Rights Dialogue between the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Bristih Institute of International and Comparative Law undertook a project on "Human Rights in International Law and Iran". One of the outputs of this project is the publication of the present book, designed as a practical guide and reference book for foreign jurists and human rights defenders ... (Quelle: Text Verlagseinband / Verlag)

Preliminary Material /A. Layish -- Introduction One Tribal Arbitrators' Documents As A Source Of Legal History /A. Layish -- Introduction Two The Sedentary Bedouin Of The Judean Desert /A. Layish -- Introduction Three Tribal Judiciary And Customary Law /A. Layish -- Document One Submission, Tribal Award And Registration With Notary Public (1978) /A. Layish -- Document Two Murder with No Witnesses and Exculpatory Oath at al-Aqṣā Mosque (1954) /A. Layish -- Document Three Blood-Money Pact Reducing Tribal Liability (1966) /A. Layish -- Document Four Dissociation From Blood Group's Liability On Individual's Initiative (1963) /A. Layish -- Document Five Unintentional Vehicular Homicide And Reconciliation In The Presence Of A Qāḍī And A Muftī (1955) /A. Layish -- Document Six Unintentional Homicide Entailing Diya Muḥammadiyya (1975) /A. Layish -- Document Seven Diya Muḥammadiyya In The Presence Of A Sharʿī Qāḍī (1957) /A. Layish -- Document Eight An Eye For An Eye Or Monetary Compensation (1956) /A. Layish -- Document Nine Amputation Of The Hand Or Compensation Of One-Third Of A Diya Of A Person (1973) /A. Layish -- Document Ten Abduction, Marriage And Closure Of Criminal File (N.D.) /A. Layish -- Document Eleven Offense Against A Woman's Chastity Ṣā'iḥat Al-Ḍuḥā (1956) /A. Layish -- Document Twelve Cutting Down Trees, Damage To A Well, Etc. (1976) /A. Layish -- Document Thirteen Tribal Agreement On Regulations Relating To Corn Theft (1949) /A. Layish -- Document Fourteen Mukhtārs' Petition Concerning Shar'ī Marriage (N.D.) /A. Layish -- Document Fifteen Shar'ī Confirmation Of A Customary Marriage (1956) /A. Layish -- Document Sixteen Shar'ī Marriage Contract (1958) /A. Layish -- Document Seventeen Resort To Tribal Qāḍī Following The Harī'a Court's Failure To Solve A Dispute (1963) /A. Layish -- Document Eighteen Prompt Mahr Given To A Bride's Mother In Trust (1934) /A. Layish -- Document Nineteen Acknowledgment Of Mahr As Debt (1934) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty Agreement Between Brothers On Mobilizing Mahr Out Of The Estate (1957) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-One Tribal Agreement On Mahr (1940) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Two Shar'ī Judgment Granting Maintenance (1964) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Three Bayt Shar'ī, Obedience And Divorce In The Sharī'a Court (1970) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Four Customary Khul': Compensation To Divorcing Husband On His Wife's Remarriage (1959) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Five Khul' Prior To Consummation To Be Effected In The Sharī'a Court (1966) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Six Consensual Divorce With Sureties To Be Effected In The Sharī'a Court (1974) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Seven Tribal Award Of Separation To Be Accomplished By Shar'ī Ṭalāq (1972) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Eight "Renunciation Divorce" On The Wife's Initiative In The Sharī'a Court (1962) /A. Layish -- Document Twenty-Nine Shar'ī Legal Opinion On Oath Of Suspended Divorce (N.D.) /A. Layish -- Document Thirty Agreement On Child's Custody And Maintenance (1979) /A. Layish -- Document Thirty-One Replacement Of Guardian Of Minors' Property By A Shar'ī Qāḍī (1904) /A. Layish.

Članak prikazuje recentne studije o novcu kao pravnom fenomenu, putem čijeg kreiranja različiti "stakeholderi" uređuju raspodjelu resursa i odnose između pojedinih dijelova društva. U ovoj koncepciji novac formira tržište, a ne obratno. Na primjeru "slobodnog kovanja" karakterističnog za Englesku od 12. do 14. stoljeća analizira se dilema nominalizam – metalizam, te tri ograničenja robnog novca u kojima se očituje Greshamov zakon, odnosno kontroverza likvidnosti. U članku se ne analizira na koje proturječnosti nailazi nominalistička politika novca. Pokazuje se da se ni u suvremenoj koncepciji robnog novca, eksplicitnoj u Hayekovoj studiji The Denationalization of Money, zbog proturječja likvidnosti ne može – u kreiranju i održanju novčanog sustava – izbjeći uloga društvenih, izvantržišnih faktora, uz ostalo i prava. Kako mnogi autori zaključuju da je i zajednička europska valuta koncipirana po uzoru na zlatni standard (robni novac), slijedi da i uspjeh njezina dizajna i funkcioniranja ne može biti prepušten samo tržišnom mehanizmu, nego ovisi o društvenoj, političkoj i pravnoj potpori. ; The paper describes money as a legal phenomenon, which means that stakeholders use money to allocate resources and manage social relations. In this understanding money creates markets and not vice versa. The system of money creation called free minting, which was common in England from the 12th to the 14th century, is described. Three constraints of commodity money are explained and the nominalism – metalism dilemma is analysed. The focus of the analysis is on Gresham's law and the problem of liquidity of commodity money. The similarity between medieval commodity money and a modern concept of commodity money in the book The Denationalization of Money by Friedrich von Hayek is shown. The conclusion is that the market mechanism cannot solve the problem of liquidity without social agents not included in the market exchange. Since the common European currency is to some degree similar to the gold standard, the same conclusion works for the euro.

The cause of disagreement -- Disagreement over the rulings of the religion -- Against disagreement over the rulings of the religion -- The method of the adherents of the truth when the correct ruling on an issue is not known -- Against arbitrary submission to authority -- The difference between submission to illegitimate authorities and referral to the legitimate authorities -- Against consensus -- Against speculative -- Against analogy -- Against preference -- Against inference -- Against legal interpretation and personal judgment

Međunarodni kazneni sud novo je međunarodno tijelo kojem je glavni cilj istraga i suđenje slučajeva genocida, ratnih zločina, te zločina protiv čovječnosti u zemljama članicama. Iako su Sjedinjene Američke Države u 2000. potpisale Rimski statut, međunarodnu povelju iz 1998. koja predstavlja osnovicu Međunarodnog kaznenog suda, Busheva vlada napravila je velik zaokret godinu dana kasnije, potpuno se ograđujući od svake ideje o suđenju Amerikancima izvan zemlje. Tekst analizira glavne argumente američke vanjske politike povezane s Međunarodnim kaznenim sudom, od navodne pristranosti Suda, te odnosa između Suda i Ujedinjenih naroda, pa sve do pitanja američkog suvereniteta. Također, ponuđena je i međunarodnopravna politička kritika nedavnih poteza američke vlade, koji štete i američkim nacionalnim interesima, i međunarodnoj sigurnosti. ; The International Criminal Court is a new international body constituted with the aim of prosecuting and trying cases of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Although in 2000 the United States signed the 1998 Rome Statute, which is the foundation of the International Criminal Court, the Bush Administration took a radically different position the following year, protecting itself from any idea of trying American citizens abroad. This text analyses the main U.S. foreign policy arguments pertaining to the ICC, from the alleged impartiality of the Court and the relationship between the Court and the United Nations, to the question of American sovereignty. In addition, the text offers an international legal and political critique of the recent U.S. policy actions, which harmed both American national interests, as well as international security.

Pokrovčeva knjiga Slobodno stvaranje prava: Herman U. Kantorowicz i slobodnopravni pokret (2018) nameće pitanje izraženo naslovom ovog rada na koje rad odgovara u tri koraka: prvo, pretpostavkom da je pitanje odgovorivo samo idealnim tipovima pravnih disciplina / funkcija; drugo, upućivanjem na kontekst Kantorowiczevih gledišta, osobito na objavu presuda; treće, ocjenom da je Kantorowicz podijelio pravnu znanost u prepletene funkcije a ne u odvojene discipline. U tu svrhu rad nudi idealne tipove disciplina i funkcija pravne dogmatike, pravne historije, pravne teorije i, kao najsloženiji i najkorisniji skup funkcija, pravnopolitičku analizu. Pretpostavka je, koja se ne dokazuje, da ne postoji ni oštra granica između pravne znanosti i susjednih znanosti: sociologije, ekonomije, psihologije, filozofije. ; Is Herman U. Kantorowicz's classification of legal disciplines - which includes general legal science, legal dogmatics, legal history, sociology of law, philosophy of law, and legal policy - a division of scholarly knowledge of law into distinct disciplines/sciences or into intertwined functions of a single scholarly discipline/science? The question is prompted by the book written by Zoran Pokrovac entitled Slobodno stvaranje prava: Hermann U. Kantorowicz i slobodnopravni pokret (Free Law: Hermann U. Kantorowicz and the Free Law Movement ) and published by "Breza" and the Faculty of Law of the University of Split in 2018. Answering this question may assist Croatian legal scholars in finding standards of scholarly excellence, especially of research de lege ferenda. This paper offers an answer in three steps. The first is the recognition that scholarly practices differ considerably, which means that the question may be answered only by construing and correlating ideal types of legal disciplines / functions that are compatible with Kantorowicz's general ideas, prominent interpretations of legal scholarship, and Croatian mainstream legal scholarship since. The second step provides a context of Kantorowicz's ...

Predmet ovog rada jest pravo na branitelja, i to pravo na branitelja na teret države (formalna obrana siromašnih okrivljenika) kao njegov element te kako proizlazi iz Direktive (EU) 2016/1919 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 26. listopada 2016. o pravnoj pomoći za osumnjičenike i okrivljenike u kaznenom postupku i za tražene osobe u postupku na temelju europskog uhidbenog naloga i Direktive 2013/48/EU Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 22. listopada 2013. o pravu na pristup odvjetniku u kaznenom postupku i u postupku na temelju europskog uhidbenog naloga te o pravu na obavješćivanje treće strane u slučaju oduzimanja slobode i na komunikaciju s trećim osobama i konzularnim tijelima tijekom trajanja oduzimanja slobode. Kroz analizu mjerodavne prakse Europskog suda za ljudska prava cilj je pokazati u kojoj mjeri praksa pristupa branitelju i hrvatsko odvjetništvo odgovaraju zahtjevima direktiva. Spomenuta praktična implementacija direktiva o pravu na pristup branitelju i pravnoj pomoći u hrvatskom odvjetništvu predstavlja posebni dio rada. U tom se dijelu rada analiziraju obveze koje iz direktiva proizlaze za odvjetništvo, a poseban se naglasak stavlja na cjeloživotno obrazovanje odvjetnika, njihovu organizaciju putem braniteljskih lista unutar odvjetničkih zborova, kao i na učinkovit sustav disciplinske odgovornosti odvjetnika. ; The subject of this paper is the right to a lawyer, specifically, a lawyer financed by the state (formal defence of persons lacking sufficient means), as regulated by Directive (EU) 2016/1919 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2016 on legal aid for suspects and accused persons in criminal proceedings and for requested persons in European arrest warrant proceedings, and by Directive 2013/48/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in European arrest warrant proceedings, and on the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty. By analysing the relevant jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, we aim to demonstrate the degree of compliance of the Croatian lawyers` approach with the Directives. The practical implementation of the mentioned Directives is a specific part of this work. In this respect, we analyse the obligations for lawyers stemming from the directives, with an emphasis on the education of lawyers, their organisation via specific lists, as well as an effective system of disciplinary responsibility.

The author's comprehensive research project, of which this article is but an introductory outline, inquires into the kind of history written out by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). In order to investigate the interrelation between criminal law & history, the author faced the following question: what would the history of the disintegration of Yugoslavia & of conflicts in its territory look like if all we had were the judgments of the Hague Tribunal? The author bases his reply on an analysis of first-instance judgments of the Trial Chamber, from which he singles out "historical facts," & rejects the reflections of the Chamber on legal & procedural issues. As a model case he uses the first ICTY judgment pronounced against Dusko Tadic (the trial started on May 7, 1996, & the judgment was pronounced a year later). Although he estimates that the first judgment was not written in an optimal way, the author deems that most preliminarily established historical facts were relevant to historiography, & that, in particular, the judgment offers a universally acceptable notion of the history of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia & of socialist Yugoslavia. He is of the opinion that the extensive documentation of ICTY (the "Hague Tribunal") will have a major influence on the work of future generations of historians. Such a unique & replete archive of historical material is increasingly available to the public & to scientists through ICTY's online database. The most recent scientific works dealing with the former Yugoslavia also make use of the Tribunal's judgments & documentation. Scientists will have to pay due attention to the narratives included therein. Adapted from the source document.