Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article is to study those conceived of the use of the mediation institution in the criminal proceedings of European countries to implement positive experience in Ukrainian law. The theme of the study is the institution of mediation in criminal proceedings. The following scientific methods were used in the research: dialectical, formal and logical, and legal, system and functional, comparative and legal, legal and other modeled methods. We study the concetorities of the regulation and legal of mediation in criminal proceedings in Ukraine, as well as the practice of its implementation, which is more than modest with other European states. Therefore, we draw on the experience of countries such as Germany, Poland, and the United Kingdom. It is concluded that, given the successful functioning of the mediation institution in most countries, we propose to emulate this positive practice and a separate law "On Mediation" in Ukraine. It is established that the main right for the legislative registration of mediation in Ukraine is the lack of information on the existence of such a way of resolving a criminal case.

The article conducts a comparative criminal law investigation to ensure freedom of religion in Ukraine and some countries. The subject of the study is a person's right to freedom of religion guaranteed by the Ukrainian Constitution. In conducting this research, a comparative legal method was widely used, which allowed a two-tier analysis (empirical and theoretical) of the legal systems of Ukraine and some foreign countries in terms of ensuring freedom of religion under criminal law, to identify the originals and specific manifestations of such support, to determine the patterns of development of each country's criminal law. As a result of the investigation, some gaps and advantages of Ukrainian law were identified in terms of criminal law guaranteeing the right to freedom of religion. Itstates that Ukraine's modern criminal law generally complies with international standards for the protection of citizens' constitutional right to freedom of religion, but there are some shortcomings in terms of unequivocal understanding of the elements of crimes that violate freedom of religion, which are worth discussing.

Colombia does not have a structured and defined Criminal Policy; on the contrary, the only thing that is found with respect to this theme are varied statements of the Constitutional Court, which make it possible to clarify that all those materialized measures, especially in penal, penal process, and prison legislation; such as categorization of crimes, behavior modification, increase of penalties, among others; are Criminal Policy. Now then, the objective of this article is to convey the legal insecurity which involves subjecting the Principle of Opportunity to a State Criminal Policy which does not enjoy solid bases, even more so when the application of this Principle involves broad legalconsequences. We make it clear that this article is part of a dissertation thesis titled "Principle of Opportunity in Colombian Criminal Law" as a requirement to qualify for a law degree ; Colombia no posee una politica criminal estructurada y definida; por el contrario lo unicoque se encuentra con respecto al tema son variadas manifestaciones de la Corte Constitucional,que permiten dilucidar que todas aquellas medidas, materializadas especialmenteen la legislación penal, procesal penal y carcelaria, tales como tipificación de delitos, modificaciónde conductas, aumento de penas, entre otros, son política criminal. Ahora bien,el objetivo del presente artículo es dar a conocer la inseguridad jurídica que implica sujetarel principio de oportunidad a una política criminal del Estado que no goza de bases sólidas,?mas cuando la aplicacion de este principio envuelve amplias consecuencias juridicas.Hacemos claridad en que el presente artículo forma parte del trabajo de grado para optaral título de abogadas "Principio de Oportunidad en la Legislación Penal Colombiana".

The article is devoted to a topic as topical as the legal transformations in the Ukrainian system under the influence of international law. Therefore, the aim of the article is to discuss the theoretical and practical aspects of the study of the impact of international law on domestic law, as well as to identify the differences and similarities between international law and Ukrainian law in the specific field of criminal and civil law. The methodological basis of the study consisted in the use of the system-structural method, which made it possible to determine the place of international legal norms in the system of national legislation and, also, the comparative method of international and Ukrainian legislation in force. In the main results obtained, it is revealed that the transformation of Ukrainian legislation is carried out mainly under the influence of Western globalization, which implies the transformation of a certain international law. It was concluded that, in the legal sphere of Ukraine, international agreements have been greatly influenced by the transformation of international law through the application of Ukrainian law through a process of legal synthesis.

Colombia does not have a structured and defined Criminal Policy; on the contrary, the only thing that is found with respect to this theme are varied statements of the Constitutional Court, which make it possible to clarify that all those materialized measures, especially in penal, penal process, and prison legislation; such as categorization of crimes, behavior modification, increase of penalties, among others; are Criminal Policy. Now then, the objective of this article is to convey the legal insecurity which involves subjecting the Principle of Opportunity to a State Criminal Policy which does not enjoy solid bases, even more so when the application of this Principle involves broad legalconsequences. We make it clear that this article is part of a dissertation thesis titled "Principle of Opportunity in Colombian Criminal Law" as a requirement to qualify for a law degree ; Colombia no posee una politica criminal estructurada y definida; por el contrario lo unicoque se encuentra con respecto al tema son variadas manifestaciones de la Corte Constitucional,que permiten dilucidar que todas aquellas medidas, materializadas especialmenteen la legislación penal, procesal penal y carcelaria, tales como tipificación de delitos, modificaciónde conductas, aumento de penas, entre otros, son política criminal. Ahora bien,el objetivo del presente artículo es dar a conocer la inseguridad jurídica que implica sujetarel principio de oportunidad a una política criminal del Estado que no goza de bases sólidas,?mas cuando la aplicacion de este principio envuelve amplias consecuencias juridicas.Hacemos claridad en que el presente artículo forma parte del trabajo de grado para optaral título de abogadas "Principio de Oportunidad en la Legislación Penal Colombiana".

The article discusses the definition and correlation of the concepts of "conflict" and "competence" and provides various expert opinions on this. In the methodology it is an analytical research based on documentary. In modern scientific literature, the clash of the rules of criminal law is called conflict of laws, using the definitions indicated as identical concepts. However, the authors point to the controversial nature of such an interpretation of those concepts. The causes of conflicts in the rules of Russian law are analyzed. Thereis also a detailed analysis of conflicts in the rules of domestic criminal law and criminal executive law. In the context of the topic studied, the authors refer to the categories of criminal law and criminal executive law as the principles of criminal law. It emphasizes by way of conclusion that the conflicts identified are not an exhaustive list, simply the authors of this work managed to consider only some aspects of the subject, therefore the conclusions and suggestions are not indisputable. In any case, the discussion of these issues is important to achieve coherence in the rules of criminal law and criminal executive law.

The purpose of the research was to consider the essence of the principles of criminal, administrative law and the peculiarities of their application in conditions of war, considering the case of Ukraine invaded by the Russian Federation. It has been substantiated that the main idea of the existence of the principles of administrative criminal law consists in their systematic, balanced and comprehensive implementation in relation to the subjects of criminal and administrative legal relations. The mentioned principles are used as a support for the elaboration and application of the law, both in peacetime and in wartime. The methodological basis of the research was presented as comparative-legal and systematic analysis, formal-legal method, method of interpretation, hermeneutic method, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. A conclusion has been reached on the necessity of observing human rights norms in the criminal prosecution of persons who have committed crimes against humanity and have been involved in such crimes. Consequently, the civilized world must comply with international standards and ensure security through legal and legitimate means.

Immigration Criminal Law should be more appropriately called "Criminal Law of the Irregular Immigrant", since it shows to essentially be based on the criminalization of mere subjective "status", rather than offensive managements of legal goods. Indeed, behind the protective shelter of an apparent balance between the need to legally protect human rights and the interest in controlling the migratory flow, the system of incriminations in this sector seems to be deeply imbalanced towards the punishment of types of perpetrators who are socially dangerous. It is namely a matter of model of criminal law very similar to the well known standard of " Criminal Law of the Enemy". The inspiring "ratio" of the discipline hasn't even changed following its adjustment due to the obligation forced by the 2008/115/CE European legislation, decided with Law n.129 of August 2nd 2011. As a matter of fact this didn't determine a total improvement of the system in a form of compliance to the fundamental principles of legal law, but on the contrary it expanded the ancillary function of criminal law towards the legal action of repatriation, without, on the other hand, removing the irrational aspects of the repressive decisions made by the Italian legislator.

The growth of the so-called punitive populism and symbolic criminal law in Colombian legislation, the lack of effectiveness in drawing up the State's criminal policy and the sterility of the results in the reduction of crime are analyzed, with the correlative hardening of penalties and their instrumentalization. The aim is to determine whether there is legal certainty with symbolic criminal law and punitive populism, and whether they respond to the functions of punishment. The method used is descriptive, bibliographic in scope and uses secondary sources of information, selected from reliable databases. After compiling all the information, it is concluded that the implementation of these two concepts does not guarantee a reduction in the crime rate, due to the fact that they are based on legislative irresponsibility, which do not serve to prevent and control crime, but do generate a feeling of tranquility and illusion in the community, and do not respond to the functions of the penalty outlined in the Colombian legal system. ; Se analiza el crecimiento del llamado populismo punitivo y derecho penal simbólico en la legislación colombiana, la falta de eficacia a la hora de trazar la política criminal por parte del Estado y la esterilidad de los resultados en la disminución de la criminalidad, con el correlativo endurecimiento de las penas e instrumentalización de las mismas. Se busca determinar si existe seguridad jurídica con el derecho penal simbólico y el populismo punitivo; así como si los mismos responden a las funciones de la pena. El método utilizado es de alcance descriptivo, bibliográfico y se utilizan fuentes de información secundarias, seleccionadas de bases de datos confiables. Una vez recopilada toda la información se concluye que, con la implementación de estos dos conceptos no se garantiza la baja en el índice de criminalidad, debido a que se parte de una irresponsabilidad legislativa, las cuales no sirven para prevenir y controlar la criminalidad, pero si generan un sentimiento de tranquilidad e ilusión en la colectividad, no respondiendo los mismos a las funciones de la pena trazadas en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano.

Due to the development of the information society, countries face the task of effectively regulating the relevant social relations. The mechanisms of such regulation should correspond to the specifics of such relations. Digitization is one of the modern methods of legal regulation, which is the use of information technology at the state level. The existing scientific achievements on digitalization processes need constant improvement, which corresponds to the specifics of this field. The object of research is digitalization in law in the light of international experience. The article aims to study and analyze digitalization in law in the international legal aspect. The following methods were used during the study: systemic, systemic-functional, comparative, sociological, analysis, synthesis, analogy, observation, classification, and statistical analysis. The article analyzes the phenomenon of digitalization, identifies the main approaches to understanding it. On the example of international experience (such countries as France, Germany, Italy, Georgia, Greece, and Great Britain), the mechanisms of using digitalization in public administration are determined, the legal regulation of informatization is analyzed. Also, based on the study and analysis of doctrinal teachings of international information experience, it is proposed to improve the domestic legal mechanism to ensure the effective functioning of public relations.

This article discusses the principle of incapacity as the political criminal basis for the criminal liability in the juvenile criminal law, and explores the reasons that bestow it a character of fiction. The models of juvenile law, as well as the function of the (in) "capacity" concept within these regulations, are reviewed. It also examines the observed contradiction between the conceptions of capacity and discernment; on these grounds it is proposed an interpretation of the legal concept of incapacity using a (Bentham) fictional key. Finally, the document provides a contribution to the debate about the restructuring of the juvenile law, which has been taking place in Argentina since 1989. ; Este artículo aborda la premisa de la incapacidad como fundamento político criminal de la inimputabilidad en el derecho penal de menores, al tiempo que explora los motivos que le confieren a ésta un carácter de ficción. Para lograr tal objetivo, se revisan los modelos de legislación de menores, así como el papel que juega el concepto de (in)capacidad dentro de estas regulaciones, y se indaga la contradicción existente entre la capacidad y el discernimiento. Sobre la base de lo anterior, se propone una interpretación del dispositivo jurídico de incapacidad en clave ficcional (Bentham) para, finalmente, presentar un aporte al debate que viene dándose en la República Argentina desde 1989 en relación con la reforma de la legislación de menores

This article deals with the figure of forfeiture of assets related to crime. The point of reference is Peruvian criminal legislation. Although the analysis focuses on the substantive norms, some procedural considerations are also made.

The article analyses legislation and scientific work on combating cybercrime based on the use of a set of general and special methods, methodological principles and approaches of legal science. It is concluded that with the introduction of the term "cybercrime" in the criminal law of Ukraine, the use of the term "cybercrime" becomes relevant, which should be understood as a socially dangerous crime in cyberspace, a responsibility that is provided for by the Ukrainian law on criminal responsibility and that is also recognized as a criminal offense by international treaties that regulate the matter. Emphasis is placed on the desirability of making appropriate terminological changes in the Law of Ukraine "On the Basic Principles of Cyber Security" and other regulations, as well as taking other systemic measures at the conceptual and organizational level, to identify the main cybersecurity threats and formulate measures to prevent and investigate them, determine a single body for the operational management of all entities whose task is to ensure the cybersecurity, create a system of technological means of the national cybersecurity system and establish closer international cooperation.