The article analyzes the changes made to the CPC in 2019 and the first half of 2020. It is concluded that despite a significant reduction in overactive legislative drafting since 2019, the quality of the changes made leaves much to be desired. Unjustified repetition of general provisions without any novelty continues to occur. Substantive issues are the subject of regulation, while the subjects are persons who do not perform procedural functions. The amendments ignored citizens' rights and freedoms, were adopted in the interests of law enforcement agencies and were formal and bureaucratic in nature. All this does not contribute to the stability of legislation and respect for the law, distorting the meaning of legality. Under these conditions, it is proposed to return to a legal understanding of the law, to revive moral and ethical principles of criminal procedure, to resume and intensify discussions on the protection of individual rights and freedoms in criminal proceedings. ; В статье автор анализирует изменения, внесенные в УПК РФ в 2019 году и первой половине 2020 года. Делает вывод, что, несмотря на существенное сокращение гиперактивного законотворчества с 2019 г., качество вносимых изменений оставляет желать лучшего. Продолжают иметь место необоснованные повторения положений общего характера без внесения какой-либо новизны. Предметом регулирования выступают несущественные вопросы, а субъектами лица, не выполняющие процессуальных функций. Во вносимых поправках игнорируются права и свободы граждан, они принимаются в интересах правоохранительных ведомств и носят формально-бюрократический характер. Все это не способствует стабильности законодательства и уважительному отношению к закону, искажается смысл законности. В этих условиях автор предлагает вернуться к правовому пониманию законности, возрождению морально-этических начал уголовно-процессуальной деятельности, возобновлению и активизации дискуссий по теме защиты прав и свобод личности в уголовном судопроизводстве.
The subject. The article is devoted to integration of conflictology theory in legal science. The purpose of the paper is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that theoretical mechanisms of conflictology may be effectively applied into constitutional legal theory to prevent con‐ stitutional legal conflicts.The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description) and sociological approach.The main results and scope of their application. The author describes the genesis of legal conflictology theory in different humanitarian sciences and its periodization, including integration of conflictology theory in legal science. The author substantiates necessity and justification of application of theoretical and methodological bases of science of conflictology in the constitutional and municipal law for the purpose of forecasting, identification and the resolution of the corresponding constitutional and legal conflicts.Conflictology of constitutional and municipal law is a research level of legal conflictology. The subject of this kind of conflictology are legal conflicts in constitutional and municipal law, their prediction, identification and resolution. It is necessary to take into account the following postulates of the General theory of conflictology in the study of legal conflicts in constitutional and municipal law:– the conflict is natural, objective and acts as an integral property of social life;– the social conflict at the same time acts as a stabilizing factor of functioning of social system;– social conflict is a complex social phenomenon as well as a process having structural, spatial‐temporal and dynamic characteristics;– the organic connection of law conflict with the law. The legal conflict arises about legal phenomena, it is realized under the influence and with the application of legal norms, it is resolved on the basis of legal regulation;– there is a special kind of political conflict that arises within the existing government, where each of the groups within the ruling class has more private interests and its own vision of the situation.Conflictology of constitutional and municipal law bases on the general theoretical postulates of the science of social conflicts. Constitutional conflict is a political type of social conflict – a disagreement between the subjects of constitutional and municipal legal relations over constitutional values, which can be transformed into legally significant conflict and generate legal consequences.Conclusions. The object of scientific knowledge of legal conflictology in constitutional and municipal law is a constitutional and legal conflict, the study of which should be based on the above postulates of the general theory of conflictology, and can not be limited to purely legal knowledge. ; Рассматривается процесс формирования юридической конфликтологии на основе различных гуманитарных наук, этапы развития научных представлений о конфликтологии и их интеграции в юридическую науку. Обосновывается необходимость и оправданность применения теоретических и методологических основ науки конфликтологии в конституционном и муниципальном праве в целях прогнозирования, выявления и разрешения соответствующих конституционно‐правовых конфликтов.
The subject of the study is the criminal policy in the context of contradictions in the functioning of the courts.The purpose of the study is to investigate, which contradictions of criminal policy are generated by a multi-level system of courts, and which mechanisms for overcoming them in order to optimize criminal policy could be found out.The methodology. In modern conditions of diversification of methodological approaches to organizing and conducting political-legal research, it is important not to discard, but to rethink and rediscover the epistemological possibilities of the methods of classical science, especially the method of dialectical analysis.The main results and scope of the study. The use of the category "dialectical contradiction" for the purpose of studying the problems of the functioning of the courts in terms of the interpretation and application of criminal law provisions opens up new possibilities in the study of criminal and judicial policy, as well as determining the prospects for its development. In the study, the law enforcement contradictions of criminal policy refer to the relations between courts of various types and levels that develop in the course of their functioning and reflect the opposite approaches of law enforcement bodies to the interpretation and application of criminal legislation. Considering the level and type of legal proceedings, these contradictions can be summarized in the following groups: (a) between national and international courts; (b) between superior courts of the national legal system; (c) between the courts of various instances of the system of courts of general jurisdiction.The contradictions between national and international courts, emerging in the field of protection of human rights and freedoms, are an objective source of development of judicial practice and policy. The resolution of these contradictions is based on the consensus of various courts and compromise. If the position of the European Court of Human Rights does not contradict the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the state adjusts its legal practice in the direction set by the authoritative international instance by means of: (a) direct application of national legislation with due regard for the ECHR's legal positions; (b) the application of national legislation in its constitutional interpretation by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, which does not differ from the decisions and positions of the ECHR; (c) amending national legal acts in pursuance of ECHR judgments. In exceptional cases, when the position of the European Court touches upon issues of the country's constitutional identity, the contradiction between the international and national legal order is resolved by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the basis of the priority of constitutional norms.At the level of the superior national courts the contradictions are represented by the differing positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the assessment and interpretation of criminal law provisions. Such contradictions can be thought of as latent until they are not revealed in constitutional proceedings. The identification and resolution of these contradictions is the most important direction of legal policy in the country; it reflects the consistent solution of the aim of constitutionalization of the criminal law.At the level of the system of courts of general jurisdiction, the concept of "contradiction" can only be applied to those differing approaches of the courts to solving criminal cases that do not go beyond the rule of law. Contradictions arise only when, having correctly established the factual circumstances of the case, the courts disagree in the choice of the legal provision to be applied, although any such choice can be explained and motivated. These contradictions may or may not be related to the quality of criminal legislation. Therefore, the mechanism for their resolution includes not only law revision. It is important to use the capabilities of the judicial system itself to develop a consensual understanding of the textual content of the criminal law and the rules for its application.Conclusions. Overcoming the contradictions of the judicial criminal policy is possible only in the process of communication and dialogue between the courts of different levels on the basis of differentiation of jurisdiction, respect for authority and independence. ; Рассматриваются противоречия судебного уровня реализации уголовной политики, которые складываются в сфере функционирования международных и национальных судов различных уровней при толковании, оценке и применении правовых норм. Предлагается классификация этих противоречий на основе уровня, вида судопроизводства и источника возникновения, которая помогает лучше понять механизм функционирования судебной системы, роль судов в обеспечении верховенства права. Принимая во внимание диалектическую природу противоречий, доказывается, что механизм их преодоления должен включать в себя как организационные решения в части разграничения компетенции судов, так и идейно-нормативные решения, обеспечивающие компромисс судебных позиций ради достижения общей цели соблюдения прав человека при разрешении уголовно-правового конфликта.
В статье определяется международно-правовая парадигма современного уголовного процесса, подразумевающая опосредование в уголовно-процессуальном законодательстве принципов, закрепленных в международных правовых актах, и допущение прямого применения в уголовно-процессуальной деятельности международных договоров. Указанная парадигма пришла на смену национально-государственной парадигме закрытого уголовного процесса. Раскрываются отдельные аспекты проявления международно-правовой парадигмы: действие международных договоров Республики Беларусь в уголовном процессе, трансценденция института международной правовой помощи на уровень национальной правовой системы и возможность международной правовой защиты по уголовным делам, возбужденным в Беларуси. Установлена допустимость гармонизации уголовно-процессуального законодательства в рамках Евразийского экономического союза. Рассматриваемая парадигма характерна и для уголовного процесса России. Предлагаются изменения законодательства с целью обеспечения гарантий, предусмотренных Конституцией Республики Беларусь. ; The article defines the international legal paradigm of the modern criminal procedure, implying penetration of the principles enshrined in international legal acts in the criminal procedure legislation, and the assumption of direct implementation of international treaties in criminal proceedings. The mentioned paradigm replaced the national-state paradigm of a closed criminal procedure. Certain aspects of the occurrence of the international legal paradigm are revealed: application of international treaties of the Republic of Belarus in criminal proceedings, the transcendence of the institute of international legal assistance at the level of the national legal system, and the possibility of international legal protection in criminal cases brought in Belarus. The legitimacy of harmonization of criminal procedure legislation within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union is established. The paradigm in question is also characteristic of the criminal procedure in modern Russia. Amendments to legislation are proposed to ensure the guarantees provided for by the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus.
The increasing migration of population in the world is one of the urgent international problems. States make efforts to counter the illegal migration and to help people seeking asylum. This problem is the most challenging to tackle in the sea. The article reveals the contents of international cooperation and the role of international law in this field. The specific features of tackling illegal migration are analyzed within the various marine spaces: in inland waters, in the territorial sea and in the open sea. The issues of international cooperation on suffering refugees and other migrants in danger on the sea have been studied as well. International legal and organizational issues facing the world community are introduced and their separate solutions are offered. In the authors' opinion, the activities of states regarding migrants should be carried out in compliance with their legal status and particular situation. In any case, the migrants' status must be defined not on the sea but on the shore. If some people are in danger, they must be helped notwithstanding the legal status of the persons being rescued. Measures of criminal liability and other measures according to the legislation of states and international commitments must be applied to illegal migration organizers. It is important that the rules of international law, international organizations and international bodies recommendations that deal with the problems of migration should be carried out at the national level by means of upgrading related laws. It is also important to work out and to upgrade the subordinate regulatory legal acts concerning the questions of illegal sea migration counteraction, measures taken towards refugees and other asylum seekers, being present on board of the ships in distress. Accordingly, the issue is to be solved as to the attitude of states towards the migrants on board of the watercraft that do not comply with the seafaring security requirements that means that they are potentially in danger.
The article discusses the norms of criminal legislation of the Russian Empire and the RSFSR on crimes infringing on copyright. The author derives the interrelationships of the earlier norms on infringement of copyright and the current article 146 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to reject in part 1 of Article 146 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the term «attribution of authorship». ; В статье рассматриваются нормы уголовного законодательства Российской империи и РСФСР о преступлениях, посягающих на авторское право. Автор выводит взаимосвязи ранее действовавших норм о посягательствах на авторское право и нынешней статьи 146 Уголовного кодекса РФ. Предлагается отказаться в части 1 статьи 146 Уголовного кодекса РФ от термина «присвоение авторства».
The main provisions of Criminal Law relating to the economic category of 'value' are discussed in the article. Text analysis of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation indicates the need for a uniform understanding of this category, regardless of the criminal law. During the investigation and trial of many types of crimes appraisement is signifcant and needs a deeper comprehension. While appointment, production and evaluation of forensic examinations, the resolution of which raises the question of valuation, inevitable complications arise due to the intricacy of determining the content of the specialized knowledge necessary for their implementation. The main provisions of Criminal Law relating to the economic category of 'value' as well as the interpretations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation concerning value determination in the Criminal Law are discussed in the article. The inadmissibility of forensic appraisal examinations appointment and conduct is justifed, since the goals and norms of the legislation on appraisal and appraisal activities do not always correspond to the tasks and methods of forensic expert valuation of goods, services, cultural values. The necessity of development of new and improvement of existing forensic expert valuation methods in the framework of such examinations as forensic product examination, forensic economics, construction forensic etc. is presented. ; В статье рассмотрены основные положения уголовного права, касающиеся экономической категории стоимости. Анализ текста Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации свидетельствует о необходимости единообразного понимания данной категории вне зависимости от уголовно-правовой нормы. Определение стоимости при расследовании и судебном разбирательстве многих видов преступлений имеет важное значение и нуждается в более глубоком ее понимании. При назначении, производстве и оценке судебных экспертиз, на разрешение которых ставится вопрос об определении стоимости, возникают неизбежные трудности, обусловленные сложностью определения содержания специальных знаний, необходимых для проведения исследований. В статье проанализированы основные положения уголовного права, касающиеся экономической категории стоимости, и разъяснения Верховного Суда Российской Федерации по вопросу определения стоимости в уголовном судопроизводстве. Обоснована недопустимость назначения и проведения судебных оценочных экспертиз, так как цели и нормы законодательства об оценке и оценочной деятельности не всегда соответствуют задачам и методикам судебно-экспертного определения стоимости товаров, услуг, культурных ценностей. Показана необходимость создания новых и совершенствования существующих методик судебно-экспертного определения стоимости в рамках таких экспертиз, как судебно-товароведческая, судебно-экономическая, судебная строительно-техническая и др.
As any development of transport systems is impossible without the development of an appropriate package of normative legal acts, study of the theory and practice of transport law application is undoubtedly of importance. The reviewer appreciates the attempt of the authors to develop a theoretical aspect of the transport law, while the text remains well understandable even for the students in legal studies. While the reviewer does not share some authors' views, e.g. the suggestion to consider transport law as an independent branch of law, he supports the idea of the development of advanced research in transport law. ; Духно Н. А., Корякин В. М. Теория транспортного права: монография. –М.: Юрлитинформ, 2016. – 288 с.В книге нашли отражение важнейшие вопросы транспортного права, его отраслевой специфики, проблемы генезиса и институционализации, образовательные задачи университетского обучения будущих транспортников. В равной мере эта фундаментальная работа заинтересует и теоретиков, и практиков правовой сферы.
In: Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta: naučno-teoretičeskij žurnal = Science journal of Volgograd State University. Serija 4, Istorija, regionovedenie, meždunarodnye otnošenija = History. Area studies. International relations, Band 22, Heft 4, S. 162-168
The author analyses the European Union's foreign policy in Central Asia. He indicates the basic tendencies of development of the EU cooperation with the countries of Central Asian region. Further, the author analyzes the implementation of joint projects within the framework adopted by the Partnership Agreements. Based on a critical analysis, the researcher highlights a number of constraints to effective development of relations between the EU and Central Asian states. He carries out a structural analysis of conceptual documents of the European Union for the development of bilateral and multilateral relations with Central Asian countries in the region.
Scientific novelty of this work lies in the systematization of stages in the evolution of relations between the European Union and the countries of Central Asia. The author divides the formation of cooperation into four main stages.
The first stage of the relations between the EU and the countries of Central Asia includes conceptual framework of the legal regulatory structure of bilateral and multilateral cooperation.
The second stage is characterized by the realization of a number of joint projects in the field of transport communications, democratic transformations, regional security and stability.
The third stage of the relations is determined by acquiring of special geographical significance of the region of Central Asia resulting from the engagement of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan in 2001.
The fourth stage has begun in 2015 with the adoption of the EU Strategy for a New Partnership with Central Asia for 2017-2021.
These studies serve as a basis for developing some important proposals and recommendations for the improvement of the effectiveness of cooperation between the parties.
The article is devoted to the study of the law enforcement of criminal punishment in the form of restriction of freedom and its significance in the system of punishment. Modern trends in the economy and social life in the country determine the policy of gradual humanization of punishment for some crimes while increasing the punishment for others. This process is accompanied by the introduction of new, previously not applied forms of punishment, which should serve as an alternative to imprisonment for a certain period. The analysis of statistical data on the application of punishment with isolation from society to various categories of convicts shows that the use of deprivation of liberty should be reduced, especially for minors and women. By limiting the use of punishment in the form of imprisonment, it is possible to protect the individual from the influence of the criminal environment. Punishment in the form of restriction of freedom allows achieving the goals of criminal punishment without deprivation of liberty and isolation from society. When considering the nature of punishment in the form of restriction of freedom should pay attention to such a legal structure as a conditional sentence. In the criminal-Executive practice, the punishment in the form of restriction of freedom and conditional conviction are implemented almost identically, but in the science of criminal law, there is no common position on the legal nature of the conditional conviction. The most important difference between restriction of freedom and conditional conviction is that the scope of restrictions on the right of a convicted person to punishment in the form of restriction of freedom is established in the law, and it is exhaustive, and the scope of restrictions on the right of a probationer can be both narrowed and expanded. Creation of alternatives to punishment in the form of imprisonment is one of the most important directions of modern criminal policy, both in Russia and abroad. This type of punishment in the future can be more ...
The article examines judicial positions, which are judged by the practice of the Constitutional and Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation, are legalized as bodies of criminal law. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on unconstitutional provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article also highlighted the issue of the use of the Supreme Court of the right of legislative initiative. The author draws a conclusion about the legitimate centralization of the judicial positions of the Constitutional and Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation in criminal law, and also expressed an opinion about the logical centralization of the systems of criminal law. ; В статье рассмотрены судебные позиции, которые, судя по практике Конституционного и Верховного Судов Российской Федерации, легализуются в качестве источников уголовного права. Особое внимание уделено рассмотрению решений Конституционного Суда Российской Федерации о признании неконституционными положений Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации. Также в статье был выделен вопрос об использовании Верховным Судом права законодательной инициативы. Автором сделан вывод о несоответствии фактического и юридического значения судебных позиций Конституционного и Верховного Судов Российской Федерации в уголовном праве, а также высказано мнение о закономерной централизации источников уголовного права.
The present article is devoted to the category, rather new to the civil legislation, "public legal entities" for the first time enshrined in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation four years ago in 2014. The article consides contents filling of the studied category, analyzes the components of the term "public legal entities" and circumstances which have caused the need of its creation and legal fixing for the civil legislation making, carries out classification of public legal entities depending on standardly fixed system of powers of authority of public legal entities. The author gives an assessment to a ratio of terms "state", "municipal" and "public" in the structure of the term public legal entities and also terms "legal entities" and public legal entities. The author states a position that the plurality of the state entities enshrined in the civil legislation — territorial subjects of the Russian Federation and specific variety of municipal units, are of no legal value in civil legal relationship as the competence of separate kinds of municipal entities on to the solution of questions of local and other value which implementation requires the introduction in the civil relations is identical. Beyond the scope of work there were bases of participation of public legal entities in the civil relations regulated by the civil legislation which is caused, first of all, by an object of research. ; Работа посвящена относительно новой для гражданского законодательства категории «публичноправовые образования», впервые закрепленной в ГК РФ в 2014 г. Рассматривается содержательное наполнение исследуемой категории; анализируются составляющие термина «публично-правовые образования» и обстоятельства, обусловившие необходимость его создания и легального закрепления в гражданском законодательстве; осуществляется классификация публично-правовых образований в зависимости от нормативно закрепленной системы властных полномочий публично-правовых образований. Дана оценка соотношению терминов «государственные», «муниципальные» и «публичные» в составе наименовании термина «публично-правовые образования», а также терминов «правовое образование» и «публично-правовое образование». Высказывается позиция, что закрепленная в гражданском законодательстве множественность государственных образований — субъектов РФ и видовое многообразие муниципальных образований не имеет юридического значения в гражданских правоотношениях, поскольку компетенция отдельных видов муниципальных образований по решению вопросов местного и иного значения, для осуществления которых необходимо вступление в гражданско-правовые отношения, одинакова. За рамками работы остались регулируемые гражданским законодательством основы участия публично-правовых образований в гражданских отношениях, что обусловлено прежде всего предметом исследования.
In: Markuntsov, Sergey A. and Wassmer, Martin Paul (2021). ON CRIMINAL LAW RISKS AND THE SYSTEM OF CRIMES IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-CORRUPTION COMPLIANCE. Russ. J. Criminol., 15 (2). S. 238 - 248. IRKUTSK: BAIKAL STATE UNIV. ISSN 2500-1442
Using a broad understanding of criminal law risks, their classification, and issues examined within the recently proposed theory of criminal riskology, the authors conclude that it is necessary to apply this theory to the research of public relations in the field of counteracting corruption, and specifically, to assess criminal law risks of corruption in the private sector, or commercial corruption. In this connection, alongside the group of corruption-related crimes, corruption crimes that are included in the Russian doctrine of criminal law and criminology, they propose specifying an independent group of crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance, which are based on criminal breach of contracts of service in commercial or other organizations and, primarily, crimes connected with commercial bribery. The authors also use their assessment of Russian and German criminal legislation and the practice of its enforcement to conduct a general analysis of crimes that could be classified as crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance. According to the authors, such crimes include corruption-related crimes proper if they are characterized by specific crime-indication features as well as so-called accompanying crimes (mainly, economic ones). Although a compilation of a full list of corresponding crimes is not included in the scope of this article, the authors believe that it will directly depend on the maximally precise understanding of the picture of criminal law risks of corruption in the private sector. They come to the conclusion that the system of crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance differs in its quantitative and qualitative characteristics from the systems of corruption-related crimes and corruption crimes. Separating crimes in the field of anticorruption compliance as a separate group alongside corruption-related crimes (corruption crimes) will make it possible to examine the mechanisms of committing such crimes more thoroughly, to work out special measures of their prevention, to conduct a ...
The paper analyzes the criminal law regulations on punishment suspension (art. 82 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation): the conditions of application of the suspension, its duration, the grounds for revocation. In the framework of suspension conditions (art. 82 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation) the content of the «presence of a child» notion, the signs of absense of convictions for serious crimes against the person for a term of over 5 years, conviction for crimes against the sexual inviolability of minors are examined. The author considers the types of punishment whose execution may be delayed. The need for reviewing approaches to determining the duration of punishment suspension is stressed, the characteristics of the grounds for cancellation of punishment suspension are suggested. The author proposes ways of improving the legislation. Serious gaps in criminal legal regulation punishment suspension (art. 82 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation) are revealed, recommendations for the ways of overcoming them are given. The article emphasizes the importance of the detailed complex (criminal, criminal-procedural and criminal-executive) legal regulation of the institute of punishment suspension (art. 82 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation). ; В статье анализируются предписания уголовно-правовой нормы об отсрочке отбывания наказания (ст. 82 УК РФ): условия применения отсрочки, ее продолжительность, основания отмены. В рамках условий предоставления отсрочки (ст. 82 УК РФ) исследовано содержание понятия «наличие ребенка», признаки отсутствия осуждения за тяжкие преступления против личности на срок свыше 5 лет, осуждения за преступления против половой неприкосновенности несовершеннолетних, рассмотрены виды наказаний, исполнение которых может быть отсрочено. Указывается на необходимость пересмотра подходов к установлению продолжительности срока отсрочки отбывания наказания. Дана характеристика оснований отмены отсрочки, внесены предложения по совершенствованию законодательства. Выявлены серьезные пробелы уголовно-правового регулирования отсрочки отбывания наказания (ст. 82 УК РФ), предложены рекомендации по их преодолению. Подчеркивается важность детального комплексного – уголовного, уголовно-процессуального и уголовно-исполнительного – правового регулирования института отсрочки отбывания наказания (ст. 82 УК РФ).
Анализируются теоретические уголовно-правовые и уголовно-процессуальные аспекты задержания лица, совершившего преступление, соотносятся понятия «преступление» и «общественно опасное деяние», «преступник» и «лицо, совершившее общественно опасное деяние». Исследуются мнения ученых по указанной проблематике, изучается опыт Российской Федерации. Автором предлагается собственное видение в разрешении имеющихся в Уголовном и Уголовно-процессуальном кодексах Республики Беларусь противоречий, обосновывается необходимость корректировки уголовного и уголовно-процессуального законов, вносятся предложения по совершенствованию законодательства. ; The presented article analyzes the theoretical criminal-legal and criminal-procedural aspects of the arrest of the person who committed the crimes, the concepts «crime» and «socially dangerous act», «criminal» and «person who committed a socially dangerous act» are correlated. The opinions of scientists on the mentioned problems are explored, the experience of the Russian Federation is studied. The author proposes his own point of view on resolving contradictions in the Criminal Code and Criminal Code of Procedurs of the Republic of Belarus, justifying the need for correcting criminal and criminal procedural laws, making proposals to improve legislation.
