Suchergebnisse

The huge amount of work accidents in Peru has not produced the implementation of policies aimed at reducing occupational accidents rates. Not only that, there is a certain passivity with informal business and persons who break the law, even when it creates risks to workers' lives. Criminal Law is the best example, because criminal rules do not apply in fact. We have a symbolic norm; that means a situation that counteracts the preventive effect of Criminal Law. In other words, the legislator has weakened non-criminal instances excluding punishment even for the most serious behaviors in which workers' lives are endangered. In this context, compliance programs play a big role in labor risk prevention and, therefore, in the reduction of criminal rates.

First, this work proposes a study of the origin, elements and application of the Compliance Program or, also named, Regulatory Compliance Program. The aforementioned program is understood as an internal device that corporations use not only to comply with the current legislation but also to prevent and detect legal violations they could be found in or as part of the activities they carry out.Second, it tries to explain and develop the connection between, on one hand, the new risks in the financial and technological development and, on the other hand, Criminal Law as a protective body of important legal assets for society. The aim is to analyze Criminal Compliance to get the corporationto manage its activities under current legislation, especially Criminal Law.In this regard, it enlarges the sectoral developments based on the Peruvian Government's implementation of the the Compliance Program in the legal framework.Finally, it analyzes the impact of Criminal Compliance in the criminal legal framework. For that end, it refers to the criminal liability system in Peru and in what way it impacts on the application of Criminal Compliance. ; El trabajo propone, en primer lugar, un estudio del origen, los elementos y la aplicación del Compliance Program o, también llamado, Programa de Cumplimiento Normativo, entendido como un dispositivo interno que las empresas implementan para cumplir con la normatividad vigente, así como para prevenir y detectar las infracciones legales que se produzcan dentro de las mismas o como parte de las actividades que estas realizan. Asimismo, se intenta explicar y desarrollar la relación entre los nuevos riesgos, debido al desarrollo económico y tecnológico, y el derecho penal como ente protector de bienes jurídicos de importancia para la sociedad. Esto último tiene como finalidad analizar el Criminal Compliance, destinado a que la empresa ordene su actividad conforme a la normativa aplicable, en especial la ley penal. En tal sentido, se desarrolla la aplicación que el Estado peruano ha realizado del referido Programa de Cumplimiento Normativo en el ordenamiento jurídico, en concreto los avances sectoriales. Finalmente, se analiza el impacto del Criminal Compliance en el ordenamiento jurídico penal. Para ello, se hace una referencia al sistema de responsabilidad penal adoptado en el Perú y de qué manera esto impacta en la aplicación del Criminal Compliance.

The perception of criminal justice in society is a controversial social problem. Traditionally, criminal justice issues have ban treated as a matter of professional interest for criminologists, criminal justice experts and other profesionals from related fields. But is expert knowledge the only valid kind when it comes to criminal justice topics? This question, though rhetorical, is aimed at stimulating discussian about the co-existence of different types of social knowledge on criminal justice, and their impact on various discourses concerning crime and punishment in society. In this article a group of researchers from Vilnim University makes use of phenomenological methods to analyse three different types of discourse on criminal justice: professional, political and public. The professional discourse of criminal justice is scrutinised from tbe perspective of penal law, the political discourse from the point of view of macroeconomics, while the public discourse is analysed using ideas drawn from psychology and media studies. The analysis of these discourses seeks to examine the social construction of criminal justice, and the particularities of its reception among professionals, politicians and a wider public.

The perception of criminal justice in society is a controversial social problem. Traditionally, criminal justice issues have ban treated as a matter of professional interest for criminologists, criminal justice experts and other profesionals from related fields. But is expert knowledge the only valid kind when it comes to criminal justice topics? This question, though rhetorical, is aimed at stimulating discussian about the co-existence of different types of social knowledge on criminal justice, and their impact on various discourses concerning crime and punishment in society. In this article a group of researchers from Vilnim University makes use of phenomenological methods to analyse three different types of discourse on criminal justice: professional, political and public. The professional discourse of criminal justice is scrutinised from tbe perspective of penal law, the political discourse from the point of view of macroeconomics, while the public discourse is analysed using ideas drawn from psychology and media studies. The analysis of these discourses seeks to examine the social construction of criminal justice, and the particularities of its reception among professionals, politicians and a wider public.

The perception of criminal justice in society is a controversial social problem. Traditionally, criminal justice issues have ban treated as a matter of professional interest for criminologists, criminal justice experts and other profesionals from related fields. But is expert knowledge the only valid kind when it comes to criminal justice topics? This question, though rhetorical, is aimed at stimulating discussian about the co-existence of different types of social knowledge on criminal justice, and their impact on various discourses concerning crime and punishment in society. In this article a group of researchers from Vilnim University makes use of phenomenological methods to analyse three different types of discourse on criminal justice: professional, political and public. The professional discourse of criminal justice is scrutinised from tbe perspective of penal law, the political discourse from the point of view of macroeconomics, while the public discourse is analysed using ideas drawn from psychology and media studies. The analysis of these discourses seeks to examine the social construction of criminal justice, and the particularities of its reception among professionals, politicians and a wider public.

The perception of criminal justice in society is a controversial social problem. Traditionally, criminal justice issues have ban treated as a matter of professional interest for criminologists, criminal justice experts and other profesionals from related fields. But is expert knowledge the only valid kind when it comes to criminal justice topics? This question, though rhetorical, is aimed at stimulating discussian about the co-existence of different types of social knowledge on criminal justice, and their impact on various discourses concerning crime and punishment in society. In this article a group of researchers from Vilnim University makes use of phenomenological methods to analyse three different types of discourse on criminal justice: professional, political and public. The professional discourse of criminal justice is scrutinised from tbe perspective of penal law, the political discourse from the point of view of macroeconomics, while the public discourse is analysed using ideas drawn from psychology and media studies. The analysis of these discourses seeks to examine the social construction of criminal justice, and the particularities of its reception among professionals, politicians and a wider public.

The perception of criminal justice in society is a controversial social problem. Traditionally, criminal justice issues have ban treated as a matter of professional interest for criminologists, criminal justice experts and other profesionals from related fields. But is expert knowledge the only valid kind when it comes to criminal justice topics? This question, though rhetorical, is aimed at stimulating discussian about the co-existence of different types of social knowledge on criminal justice, and their impact on various discourses concerning crime and punishment in society. In this article a group of researchers from Vilnim University makes use of phenomenological methods to analyse three different types of discourse on criminal justice: professional, political and public. The professional discourse of criminal justice is scrutinised from tbe perspective of penal law, the political discourse from the point of view of macroeconomics, while the public discourse is analysed using ideas drawn from psychology and media studies. The analysis of these discourses seeks to examine the social construction of criminal justice, and the particularities of its reception among professionals, politicians and a wider public.

The perception of criminal justice in society is a controversial social problem. Traditionally, criminal justice issues have ban treated as a matter of professional interest for criminologists, criminal justice experts and other profesionals from related fields. But is expert knowledge the only valid kind when it comes to criminal justice topics? This question, though rhetorical, is aimed at stimulating discussian about the co-existence of different types of social knowledge on criminal justice, and their impact on various discourses concerning crime and punishment in society. In this article a group of researchers from Vilnim University makes use of phenomenological methods to analyse three different types of discourse on criminal justice: professional, political and public. The professional discourse of criminal justice is scrutinised from tbe perspective of penal law, the political discourse from the point of view of macroeconomics, while the public discourse is analysed using ideas drawn from psychology and media studies. The analysis of these discourses seeks to examine the social construction of criminal justice, and the particularities of its reception among professionals, politicians and a wider public.

The different criminal schools considered Criminal Dogmatics as the hard core of Criminal Sciences and the other disciplines mentioned here, as "auxiliaries" to Criminal Law. In truth it should be so, because they are "different sciences or disciplines in their nature and methodology to address criminal studies or knowledge and therefore autonomous. But in what is called the "Encyclopedia of Criminal Sciences", they can never be independent, nor do they have a character that is not effectively complementary. Time and new horizons of study, such as emerging specializations, were inevitably interrelating or intertwining concepts and terminology of all of them, to the point that in some issues this link cannot be dispensed with to interpret the Penal Law, the Penal Systems and its application. ; Las diferentes escuelas penales consideraban a la Dogmática Penal como el núcleo duro de las Ciencias Penales y a las otras disciplinas aquí mencionadas, como "auxiliares" del Derecho Penal. En verdad debiera ser así, porque son "ciencias o disciplinas diferentes en su naturaleza y metodología para abordar los estudios o conocimientos penales y por ende autónomas. Pero en lo que se da en llamar la "Enciclopedia de las Ciencias Penales", no pueden nunca ser independientes, ni tienen un carácter que no sea efectivamente complementario. El tiempo y los nuevos horizontes de estudio, como las especializaciones emergentes, fueron interrelacionando o entrelazando conceptos y terminología de todas ellas en forma inevitable, al punto que en algunas cuestiones no se puede prescindir de dicha vinculación para interpretar la Ley Penal, los Sistemas Penales y su aplicación. ; As diferentes escolas criminais consideraram a Dogmática Criminal como o núcleo duro das Ciências Criminais e as demais disciplinas aqui citadas, como "auxiliares" do Direito Penal. Realmente deveria ser assim, porque são "ciências ou disciplinas diferentes em sua natureza e metodologia para abordar os estudos ou conhecimentos criminais e, portanto, autônomas. Mas ...

This paper deals with the concept of Restorative Justice, from the theory of criminal law as a response to crime and its practical development in connection with the principles guaranteeing the rights, uncritical parties. At present, there is a tendency of traditional justice to the derivation formulas that favour the agreement between victim and offender, in some cases with community involvement. European law has encouraged Mediation and other restorative methods, through Recommendations and Directives must transposition for member states. A description and analysis of the Spanish legislation in relation to restorative justice, both positive law and draft laws, in order to present the current state of affairs in our country, and an assessment is also done not without certain implicit subjectivity towards an integration of this new conception of justice in our criminal justice system. ; [Tercer accésit. Premios de artículos jurídicos «GARCÍA GOYENA» (Curso 2014-2015)]El trabajo versa sobre el concepto de Justicia Restaurativa, desde la teoría del derecho penal como respuesta al delito y su desarrollo práctico, en conexión con los principios que garantizan los derechos, no exentos de críticas. En la actualidad, existe una tendencia de la justicia tradicional a la derivación a fórmulas que favorecen el acuerdo entre víctima y victimario, en algunos casos con implicación de la comunidad. El derecho europeo ha fomentado la Mediación y otros métodos restaurativos, a través de Recomendaciones y también Directivas, de obligada transposición para los estados miembros. Se realiza también una descripción y análisis de la normativa española en relación a la Justicia Restaurativa, tanto desde el derecho positivo como de los proyectos normativos, con el objeto de presentar el estado actual de la cuestión, así como una valoración, no exenta de cierta subjetividad implícita hacia una integración de esta nueva concepción de la Justicia en nuestro sistema de Justicia Penal.This paper deals with the concept of Restorative Justice, from the theory of criminal law as a response to crime and its practical development in connection with the principles guaranteeing the rights, uncritical parties. At present, there is a tendency of traditional justice to the derivation formulas that favour the agreement between victim and offender, in some cases with community involvement. European law has encouraged Mediation and other restorative methods, through Recommendations and Directives must transposition for member states. A description and analysis of the Spanish legislation in relation to restorative justice, both positive law and draft laws, in order to present the current state of affairs in our country, and an assessment is also done not without certain implicit subjectivity towards an integration of this new conception of justice in our criminal justice system.

Trust in Lithuanian police, courts and prosecutors oqce has reached the record values in 2015. Trust and conCdence in these institutions is growing, though it is diqcult to identify what exactly is stimulating that growth. Public relations or media in_uence, or good organization of the institutional work as well as other reason can be an explanation for the better public attitudes. Answers to the question "Do you trust the police, courts, prosecutors oqce?" do not explain what was done properly when trust values raise, and what problematic areas of institution work need attention when evaluations are getting worse. `ere is a signiCcant doubt expressed in academic literature if this and only indicator, so oƒen used for the evaluation of institution work, adequately describes how good or eQectively prosecutors oqce works, police safeguards public security, and courts ensure protection of citizen rights, defence of interests and other demands of democratic society. `e article analyses trust and conCdence in institutions of criminal justice system in Lithuania. Analysis uses ideas and data of two international research projects - EURO-JUSTIS and FIDUCIA. We examine trust and conCdence as complex phenomenon, which include several important aspects: 1) eQectiveness of criminal justice institutions; 2) distributive justice; 3) procedural justice; 4) shared perceptions of right and wrong and shared moral values with institutions; 5) legitimacy of institutions; 6) co-operation between society and criminal justice institutions. Evaluation of the survey data shows that diQerent elements of this phenomenon obtain diQerent ratings, and diQer from the evaluation of trust and conCdence in the broad sense. Understanding of these diQerences gives us a possibility to assess and improve work of criminal justice institutions more purposefully

Trust in Lithuanian police, courts and prosecutors oqce has reached the record values in 2015. Trust and conCdence in these institutions is growing, though it is diqcult to identify what exactly is stimulating that growth. Public relations or media in_uence, or good organization of the institutional work as well as other reason can be an explanation for the better public attitudes. Answers to the question "Do you trust the police, courts, prosecutors oqce?" do not explain what was done properly when trust values raise, and what problematic areas of institution work need attention when evaluations are getting worse. `ere is a signiCcant doubt expressed in academic literature if this and only indicator, so oƒen used for the evaluation of institution work, adequately describes how good or eQectively prosecutors oqce works, police safeguards public security, and courts ensure protection of citizen rights, defence of interests and other demands of democratic society. `e article analyses trust and conCdence in institutions of criminal justice system in Lithuania. Analysis uses ideas and data of two international research projects - EURO-JUSTIS and FIDUCIA. We examine trust and conCdence as complex phenomenon, which include several important aspects: 1) eQectiveness of criminal justice institutions; 2) distributive justice; 3) procedural justice; 4) shared perceptions of right and wrong and shared moral values with institutions; 5) legitimacy of institutions; 6) co-operation between society and criminal justice institutions. Evaluation of the survey data shows that diQerent elements of this phenomenon obtain diQerent ratings, and diQer from the evaluation of trust and conCdence in the broad sense. Understanding of these diQerences gives us a possibility to assess and improve work of criminal justice institutions more purposefully

A partir de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo determinar y analizar la presencia de legislación indiana y su significado en los fallos de la Suprema Corte de la provincia de Buenos Aires entre 1875 y 1881 hemos identificado causas criminales para indagar en todo el proceso judicial, desde el sumario hasta la sentencia definitiva, buscando definir dos cuestiones fundamentales. En primer lugar, observar las tres dimensiones del expediente judicial, los actores, el proceso y el derecho que se aplica y cómo se aplica. En segundo lugar, profundizar sobre un tema complejo y fundamental como es el arbitrio judicial que, como ya hemos demostrado, no implicaba una mera pervivencia sino que se lo utilizaba como un recurso contra la arbitrariedad de la pena y la falta de legislación republicana. ; Based on an investigation that aimed to determine and analyse the presence of indigenous law and its significance in the decisions of the Supreme Court of Buenos Aires province between 1875 and 1881 we have identified criminal lawsuits in order to inquire into the entire judicial process, seeking to investigate two fundamental matters. First, observe the three dimensions of the judicial records -the actors, the process and the law applied and how it is applied. Secondly, delve into a complex and fundamental issue such as judicialdiscretion which, as we have already shown, did not imply a mere survival but was used as a resource against arbitrary sentencing and the lack of republican legislation.

A partir de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo determinar y analizar la presencia de legislación indiana y su significado en los fallos de la Suprema Corte de la provincia de Buenos Aires entre 1875 y 1881 hemos identificado causas criminales para indagar en todo el proceso judicial, desde el sumario hasta la sentencia definitiva, buscando definir dos cuestiones fundamentales. En primer lugar, observar las tres dimensiones del expediente judicial, los actores, el proceso y el derecho que se aplica y cómo se aplica. En segundo lugar, profundizar sobre un tema complejo y fundamental como es el arbitrio judicial que, como ya hemos demostrado, no implicaba una mera pervivencia sino que se lo utilizaba como un recurso contra la arbitrariedad de la pena y la falta de legislación republicana. ; Based on an investigation that aimed to determine and analyse the presence of indigenous law and its significance in the decisions of the Supreme Court of Buenos Aires province between 1875 and 1881 we have identified criminal lawsuits in order to inquire into the entire judicial process, seeking to investigate two fundamental matters. First, observe the three dimensions of the judicial records -the actors, the process and the law applied and how it is applied. Secondly, delve into a complex and fundamental issue such as judicialdiscretion which, as we have already shown, did not imply a mere survival but was used as a resource against arbitrary sentencing and the lack of republican legislation.