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Actuality. Management as a phenomenon of culture and an exclusively unique object of scientific knowledge occupies a special place in the life of society. As historical development of mankind is complicated as organizational structures, as well as the culture of management and a set of theories that describe them. However, modern science does not take into account that radical changes in organizational reality occur not continuously, but during the bifurcation of civilization. A specific culture that arose precisely in such conditions is mechanistic management, the study of which is devoted to this article. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is a theoretical and historical analysis of the culture of mechanistic management, the identification of the basic determinants of the genesis of this management culture and the formation of the main directions of its development in conditions of industrialism. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, civilization, historical approaches to the study of social phenomena and processes, and the fundamental provisions of the theory of management. Results. The objective preconditions of the formation of a culture of mechanistic management are determined: European science and mechanism arising from the Newtonian picture of the world – the presentation of organizational reality as a machine, as well as atomism, rationalism and social Darwinism as a "natural law" about inter-species struggle; Protestant ethics as a justification of profit; political economy, which introduced the economy in the form of a machine operating under the laws of Newtonian mechanics; great scientific and technical discoveries, demanding new forms of organization of production. The essence of the article is given, comparative characteristics are given and prospects of further application of the main directions of culture of mechanistic management: scientific organization of labor and management are outlined; administrative management; the ...

The article considers the classification of legal culture by species, depending on the subjects, its carriers on social, group and individual, certain levels (ordinary (everyday), professional, scientific and theoretical) defines its functions, which are the basis for the specialist to perform basic and ongoing activities, that is, professional responsibilities. The functions are: legal support for the process of becoming a new statehood, development and transformation of legal reality (cognitive-transformative), value-normative, legal-educational, communicative. It is proved that the function of legal support of the process of becoming a new statehood is ensured in various ways, in particular, the formation of legal knowledge, beliefs, habits, etc., that ensure their legitimate, socially active behavior in the legal sphere. It is important to develop the skills of legal activity of citizens and society as a whole, to reform the entire legal system. The cognitive-transformative function of the legal culture of a society is connected with the task of building a rule of law, which involves those crisis processes that take place in the economy, politics and society. The value and normative function of the legal culture of a society is aimed at ensuring the stable, harmonious, dynamic and effective functioning of all elements of the legal system. This function of legal culture is realized by means of the norms of law, which are needed by every citizen for their successful adaptation within the state. The value-normative function of the legal culture of society encompasses a variety of phenomena and facts that are reflected in human actions, social institutions, etc. Educational function of the legal culture of society is expressed in the development of legal qualities of the individual. The transformation of legal prescriptions, norms of law into habit, into a natural regulator of the citizen's activity presupposes that they have been mastered by a person and have become his inner conviction. An important place among the functions is the communicative function. With the help of the institutes of society's legal culture, political and legal interconnection between the state and the individual, between all elements of political, legal systems, nations, social groups is carried out. Thanks to the mechanism of action of this function, the continuity in the development of the legal culture throughout the development of our society is carried out. These functions are interconnected and interdependent, complementing and enriching each other. They reproduce the real process of legal culture functioning. It has been established that the problem of the separation of the legal culture functions continues to be relevant and requires new research to be carried out in the context of analyzing the systemic links between the legal culture of both – society and the individual. Without analyzing the functional role of legal culture, it is impossible to understand its content and the patterns of development. ; У статті на основі класифікації правової культури на види залежно від суб'єктів, на суспільну, групову та індивідуальну, рівнів (звичайний (буденний), професійний, науково-теоретичний) визначено її функцій, які є фундаментом для виконання фахівцем своїх основних і постійних видів діяльності, тобто професійних обов'язків. Установлено, що проблема виокремлення функцій правової культури залишається актуальною і вимагає нових досліджень, у контексті аналізу системних зв'язків правової культури як суспільства, так і особистості.

The article considers the classification of legal culture by species, depending on the subjects, its carriers on social, group and individual, certain levels (ordinary (everyday), professional, scientific and theoretical) defines its functions, which are the basis for the specialist to perform basic and ongoing activities, that is, professional responsibilities. The functions are: legal support for the process of becoming a new statehood, development and transformation of legal reality (cognitive-transformative), value-normative, legal-educational, communicative. It is proved that the function of legal support of the process of becoming a new statehood is ensured in various ways, in particular, the formation of legal knowledge, beliefs, habits, etc., that ensure their legitimate, socially active behavior in the legal sphere. It is important to develop the skills of legal activity of citizens and society as a whole, to reform the entire legal system. The cognitive-transformative function of the legal culture of a society is connected with the task of building a rule of law, which involves those crisis processes that take place in the economy, politics and society. The value and normative function of the legal culture of a society is aimed at ensuring the stable, harmonious, dynamic and effective functioning of all elements of the legal system. This function of legal culture is realized by means of the norms of law, which are needed by every citizen for their successful adaptation within the state. The value-normative function of the legal culture of society encompasses a variety of phenomena and facts that are reflected in human actions, social institutions, etc. Educational function of the legal culture of society is expressed in the development of legal qualities of the individual. The transformation of legal prescriptions, norms of law into habit, into a natural regulator of the citizen's activity presupposes that they have been mastered by a person and have become his inner conviction. An important place among the functions is the communicative function. With the help of the institutes of society's legal culture, political and legal interconnection between the state and the individual, between all elements of political, legal systems, nations, social groups is carried out. Thanks to the mechanism of action of this function, the continuity in the development of the legal culture throughout the development of our society is carried out. These functions are interconnected and interdependent, complementing and enriching each other. They reproduce the real process of legal culture functioning. It has been established that the problem of the separation of the legal culture functions continues to be relevant and requires new research to be carried out in the context of analyzing the systemic links between the legal culture of both – society and the individual. Without analyzing the functional role of legal culture, it is impossible to understand its content and the patterns of development. ; У статті на основі класифікації правової культури на види залежно від суб'єктів, на суспільну, групову та індивідуальну, рівнів (звичайний (буденний), професійний, науково-теоретичний) визначено її функцій, які є фундаментом для виконання фахівцем своїх основних і постійних видів діяльності, тобто професійних обов'язків. Установлено, що проблема виокремлення функцій правової культури залишається актуальною і вимагає нових досліджень, у контексті аналізу системних зв'язків правової культури як суспільства, так і особистості.

Actuality. The technological revolution, the technology rapid development, increasing dynamism and uncertainty, a shift in societal attitudes make organizations to implement many different imperatorin. However, these transformations are not replacing hierarchical structures that accompany the organization throughout their existence. Contrary to forecasts of many scientists, about the inevitable demise of hierarchies in the new society, these structures will not disappear and successfully continue their existence. The question arises, why? Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is the disclosure hierarchy as a phenomenon of organizational culture and investigate their long-term use of society. Methodological basis of research is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, historical, and cultural approaches to the study of organizational phenomena, the fundamental principles of systems theory and systems analysis, organization theory, management, psychology, sociology, and cultural studies. Results. The essence of hierarchy as cultural phenomenon and the basis of the control system. The paper discusses peculiarities of its construction at different stages of human development. It is established that the hierarchy is a contradictory unity of the various opposites (order and chaos, rational and humane, formal and informal, vertical and horizontal, rigid and flexible, authoritarian and democratic, elitist and egalitarian, etc.), mutual fight which is a source of continuous change and development of hierarchical systems, but can not be the end of their existence. Conclusions and discussion. The scientific novelty of the study results is to deepen the understanding of the hierarchies as a phenomenon of organizational culture, uncovering the causes, trends and patterns of their long-term use in the context of evolutionary development of mankind. Practical significance of the obtained results is in the possibility of their use in the organizational activities of the society and in addition management ...

Rintaro Takeda a Japanese writer who had been assigned and ordered by the Japanese army as a member of the propaganda unit in Java. The previous study on Rintaro Takeda and his interaction with Indonesian writers focuses on his relationship with Armijn Pane. Armijn Pane is a famous Indonesia writer who had been known as a founder of new Indonesian literary movement, "Pujangga Baroe". In Takeda's essay of "Jawa Sarasa" (1944), Armijn Pane was introduced by Takeda as the brother of the great poet Sanusi Pane. Sanusi Pane had the reputation of being the Indonesian writer who most actively collaborated with the Japanese military during the Second World War. The present study aims to reveal the relationship between Takeda and Sanusi Pane with respect to their ideas on Asian culture. Pane was the chief editor of the literature magazine Keboedajaan Timoer ("Oriental Culture") and head of the Central Cultural Office (Keimin Bunka Shidosho) during the Japanese occupation. In Pane's earlier works during the Dutch colonial period, he included aspects of his own experience in India, and the writings were strongly influenced by the famous Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore. According to Pane, India was a representation of ancient Javanese culture (Hindu-Buddhist culture) and became an inspiration for his concept of ideal culture. From an analysis of Sanusi Pane's works, such as Kertadjaja and Sandyakalaning Majapahit, it is clear that his depiction of glorious Javanese empires of the past contains his ideas of nationalism and notions about the superiority of old Javanese culture. Sanusi's idea were similar to those of Kokuzo Okakura, who inspired most of the Japanese propagandists in Indonesia, including Rintaro Takeda.