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The Colombian Cyberinfrastructure Consortium for Biodiversity, C3biodiversidad, aims to develop and promote a scientific cyberinfrastructure in Colombia for analysis of natural and agricultural biodiversity. Exploring and investigating the wealth of information contained within each of the thousands of species in these ecosystems, especially with the advent of modern life sciences methods, starts to stretch the capacity of single research groups. This can only be achieved through a greater access to data, enabled through effective and efficient infrastructures - ensuring that we are harnessing the best expertise from all around the world to work on this swathe of grand issues. A research cyberinfrastructure aims to meet the needs of the life science community through democratised access to computational resources. ; The authors would like to acknowledge support from the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) GROW Colombia grant via the UK's Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/P028098/1).

The Specify Collections Consortium ("SCC") is a member-funded organization currently comprised of 70 biodiversity collection institutions--universities, research centers, and government agencies from around the globe. In 2018, the SCC was created as a follow-on to the Specify Software Project that had a 20-year history as a US NSF grant funded biological collections software engineering and technical support project. Founding members of the Consortium include the National Natural History Museum of Denmark, and in the United States, the Universities of Florida, Michigan, and Kansas. The SCC plans to build on its open-source collections computing platforms to bring research analysis and integration to the collections curation environment. The inclusion and integration of genetic data standards, Nagoya Protocol business rules, and biogeographical analysis in Specify platforms will extend museum digitization and cataloging to engage collections in broader computational communities, for increased research, educational, and policy impact. Significant investments by the South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Natural History Museum of Geneva, and regional collections in additional countries are contributing to the Consortium's growth and financial sustainability. Code contributions from Consortium members have supplemented their financial commitments to produce capabilities that immediately benefit all members. We will present an update on the Specify Consortium's progress during its first 1.5 years, and outline its near- and long-term priorities for collections community engagement and technological innovation.

The Specify Collections Consortium ("SCC") is a member-funded organization currently comprised of 70 biodiversity collection institutions--universities, research centers, and government agencies from around the globe. In 2018, the SCC was created as a follow-on to the Specify Software Project that had a 20-year history as a US NSF grant funded biological collections software engineering and technical support project. Founding members of the Consortium include the National Natural History Museum of Denmark, and in the United States, the Universities of Florida, Michigan, and Kansas. The SCC plans to build on its open-source collections computing platforms to bring research analysis and integration to the collections curation environment. The inclusion and integration of genetic data standards, Nagoya Protocol business rules, and biogeographical analysis in Specify platforms will extend museum digitization and cataloging to engage collections in broader computational communities, for increased research, educational, and policy impact. Significant investments by the South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Natural History Museum of Geneva, and regional collections in additional countries are contributing to the Consortium's growth and financial sustainability. Code contributions from Consortium members have supplemented their financial commitments to produce capabilities that immediately benefit all members. We will present an update on the Specify Consortium's progress during its first 1.5 years, and outline its near- and long-term priorities for collections community engagement and technological innovation.

The creation of cyberinfrastructure is an ambitious U.S. endeavour to build large-scale information infrastructure for the sciences. Dubbed 'revolutionary' by their advocates, cyberinfrastructure names the goal of building a unified information substrate to 'interoperate the sciences' and promote multidisciplinary research collaborations. This dissertation is based on a three-year ethnography of one such emergent infrastructure project: GEON, the geosciences network. I identify, as a principal research object, the logic of interoperability: an emerging set of techniques and technologies which seek to preserve the specificities of heterogeneous sciences while linking them. In principle standardization offers the benefit of making possible communication, data sharing and integrated computing systems; however, in practice such projects often fail or generate substantial opposition. I argue that the logic of interoperability seeks to blunt the politics of standardization while retaining its enabling properties. Rather than erasing disciplinary difference interoperability calls for the sciences to be known and mapped in order to make possible an automated crossing. In this vision, the specificity of the sciences are preserved while domains are linked through relations of mediation. Drawing from research in Science and Technology Studies and the methodologies of actor-network theory and ethnomethodology, I trace the enactment of the logic of interoperability in GEON at three scales of action: institutional, organizational, and technical. At each scale I sustain a focus on the material and organizing practices of members as they work to interoperate the earth sciences. At the institutional scale there is a growing impetus and increasingly sophisticated skill-set for the arrangement of multidisciplinary collaborations of domain and computer science. At the organizational scale new methods for constructing large-scale umbrella infrastructures are being invented. At the technical scale a set of technologies of interoperability are under development which seek to automate translations of the data, language, concepts, and knowledge of science itself. Together these point to a mounting confluence of efforts at interoperability seeking a 'revolution' of science at all scales of action and positing a new model of governance for science

The productivity, precision and performance benefits of Smart Manufacturing are unleashed when there is frictionless movement of information – data in context, at the right time, among systems, operations and people, that can create value within and across all manufacturers and all sizes of plants throughout enterprise supply chains. Line of sight to the full economic potential of Smart Manufacturing requires business, leadership, market and infrastructure realignments for the "democratization" of "smart" business, technology, operational and workforce data practices industry-wide. Access and the ability to effectively use operational data in cyber operations (Operational Technologies, OT) that are enabled by Information Technologies (IT) and the knowhow to deploy Smart Manufacturing solutions are therefore increasingly important to small, medium and large manufacturers, providers, integrators and innovators alike, but increasingly constrained with today's manufacturing infrastructure practices. Addressing democratization, breaking through barriers and transforming manufacturing to a new data centric orientation are key objectives for CESMII, the Clean Energy Smart Manufacturing Innovation Institute, the third Institute sponsored by the Department of Energy and the ninth out of the fifteen Manufacturing USA national institutes (see https://www.cesmii.org).

ABSTRACTThis article introduces a general approach for characterizing cyberinfrastructure resilience in the face of multiple malicious cyberattacks, such as when a sequence of denial‐of‐service attacks progressively target an already weakened information system. Although loss assessment frequently focuses on a single overall measure such as cost or downtime, the proposed technique considers both the timing and the amount of loss associated with each individual attack, as well as whether this loss is incurred suddenly or is "slow‐onset." In support of this, an underlying mathematical model is developed to represent the relative impact of each attack and the corresponding length of time that its effects persist within the system, as well as to illustrate the trade‐offs between these two factors. The model is extended to represent uncertainty in its parameters and thus to support comparative analyses among various security configurations with respect to a baseline estimate of resilience. Monte Carlo simulation is then used to illustrate the model's capabilities and to support a discussion of its ability to provide for more effective decision making in the context of disaster planning and mitigation. [Submitted: March 21, 2011. Revised: July 14, 2011; November 4, 2011. Accepted: December 19, 2011.]

In Korea, prospective college students are increasingly avoiding natural science and engineering. Government is trying to develop an information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure contributed to the encouragement of learner-centered education and to the qualitative enhancement of academic research. It also contributed to the increase in the use of ICT in various areas and to the remarkable improvement in the level of information utilization. In this paper, we introduce a cyber education system for aerospace engineering, which is named e-AIRS. e-AIRS, an abbreviation of 'e-Science Aerospace Integrated Research System', is a cyber-infrastructure based portal system to support the aerodynamics engineering processes on the e-Science environment. The web portal interface is implemented as a portlet component model on top of the Gridsphere Framework, and these portlets can be reusable. The system provides CFD simulations, remote experimental service, and collaborative and integrative study between computation and experiment through the web. The system helps students to understand the full simulation process of aerodynamics engineering. We conducted a survey of about 150 students at the Seoul National University and Konkuk University in Korea. According to the survey, 94 percent said the system helped to understand the whole process of CFD, and more than 90 percent of the students said e-AIRS portal provided a good functionality, convenience, and user interface. ; OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2008-01/104/0000004648/57 ; SEQ:57 ; PERF_CD:SNU2008-01 ; EVAL_ITEM_CD:104 ; USER_ID:0000004648 ; ADJUST_YN:N ; EMP_ID:A001138 ; DEPT_CD:446 ; CITE_RATE:0 ; FILENAME:CFD Cyber Education Service using Cyberinfrastructure for e-Science.pdf ; DEPT_NM:기계항공공학부 ; EMAIL:chongam@snu.ac.kr ; CONFIRM:Y

Widely used across disciplines such as natural resources, social sciences, public health, humanities, and economics, spatial data is an important component in many studies and has promoted interdisciplinary research development. Though an institutional data repository provides a great solution for data curation, preservation, and sharing, it usually lacks the spatial visualization capability, which limits the use of spatial data to professionals. To increase the impact of research-generated spatial data and truly turn them into digital maps for a broader user base, we have designed and developed the workflow and cyberinfrastructure to extend the current capability of our institutional data repository by visualizing the spatial data on the web. In this project, we added a GIS server to the original institutional data repository cyberinfrastructure, which enables web map services. Then, through a web mapping API, we visualized the spatial data as an interactive web map and embedded in the data repository web page. From the user's perspective, researchers can still identify, cite and reuse the dataset by downloading the data and metadata and the DOI offered by the data repository. General information users can also browse the web maps to find location-based information. In addition, these data was ingested into the spatial data portal to increase the discoverability for spatial information users. Initial usage statistics suggest that this cyberinfrastructure has greatly improved the spatial data usage and extended the institutional data repository to facilitate spatial data sharing.

AbstractIn the twenty-first century, professions are complex and difficult to define due to their fluid and interdisciplinary natures. In this study, we examined the personal career stories of professionals in the field of cyberinfrastructure (CI) to identify the narrative patterns used to make sense of CI as a boundary-spanning profession. Overall, we found that professionalization of CI is a sensemaking process of communal, retrospective storytelling. The meaning-making of CI as a profession occurred through three levels of narrative patterns: individual traits of CI professionals, situational introductions to CI, and inspirational convictions about CI. The situational level, which connected innate qualities and internal motivations with external forces to join CI as a career, was especially important to the professionalization of CI. Our findings have implications for re-examining professionalization as an ongoing sensemaking process, as well as offering guidance for recruitment and retention in critical boundary-spanning professions.

This study explores the impact of a virtual organisational structure called a policy collaboratory on a transnational NGO network participating in the UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). A collaboratory is a center without walls, which uses computer-mediated communication
(CMC) tools to support geographically distributed knowledge work (Wulf 1989). The interdisciplinary conceptual framework draws primarily on Roger's (1995) diffusion of innovation thesis. To explore the conceptual framework, we asked four grand tour research questions: (1) How is a policy collaboratory
introduced into a transnational policy network?; (2) how is the collaboratory used?; (3) what impact does it have on participants?; and (4) to what degree can it be institutionalised? Using the second phase of WSIS as the setting for this longitudinal mixed-methods study, we purposefully selected
the participants from the active WSIS civil society networks. After collecting baseline data in December 2003, we designed and implemented the collaboratory in January 2004, continuing to collect multi-modal data (surveys, interviews, email, computer logs) until shortly after the Tunis WSIS
in November 2005. Key findings include: (1) training and a visionary change-agent are critical to successful diffusion; (2) participants may not utilise the full potential of the collaboratory; (3) even with limited use, the collaboratory can help to empower network members, especially those
from developing countries, (4) institutionalisation of the collaboratory requires at least medium-term commitment and financial support. The study points to some of the challenges and opportunities of using the Internet and CMC tools to enhance geographically distributed participation in global
governance processes.