Suchergebnisse

The objective of the study was to determine the methodological aspects of the construction of mechanisms for strengthening economic sovereignty in the context of the processes of globalization and war. Comparative law and economic statistics were used in the study. The research found that economic security, which showed a significant decrease after a large-scale invasion, is the material expression of economic sovereignty. The Debt/GDP ratio reached 85% and gross external debt was 83% of GDP. Mechanisms for strengthening Ukraine's economic sovereignty and economic security were determined by analysing international experience. They included, in particular: improvement of the legal framework, development of emergency response mechanisms, development of international partnerships, strengthening of economic governance, balancing regional development. Reactive and proactive approaches to the development of response measures should be taken into account when introducing such mechanisms. The results of the study are of value to government representatives in terms of ensuring the economic security and economic sovereignty of the country. Further research can focus on identifying the main methods for forecasting threats to the economic sovereignty of the country.

This paper focuses on elements of military thought & doctrine & the approaches of Antonio Hardt & Antonio Negri's theory of imperialism in the context of the defense of human rights. To defend human rights, it is necessary to know how & by whom they were violated. To resist violation, one must understand the mechanisms & functioning of repression. Psychological violations of human rights are difficult to discern, but they cause much suffering, & their role in the set of mechanisms of repression is increasing. The military use of psychological repression illustrates this situation. As described in documents of military doctrine, it is one of the fundamental principles that guide military forces' actions in achieving the 'national objectives' sought by imperialism. Hardt & Negri define imperialism as a new global form of sovereignty, a new logic & structure of power, the new rationality of globalization, & the new order of the capitalist project. Imperialism is established through power, which is obtained in good part via psychological means, including military psychological operations.

The aim of the article is to study European integration and the expansion of the European union together with the Atlantic alliance during George W. Bush's second term (2004-2008), for which the historical method was used. Despite the tendency that most researchers in the field of modern history and political science tend to focus on current events, and according to this logic it would be more appropriate to analyze Trump's foreign policy, in order to better understand the contemporary tension between the EU and the United States, today it is imperative to take a look at some contemporary historical processes. It is concluded that, to which George W. Bush's rhetoric has much in common with Donald Trump, he also laid the groundwork for change in U.S. foreign policy during Barack Obama's presidential term (2008-2016). The one-sided approach promoted primarily during George W. Bush's first term went from a gradual transformation of coalition building and the full support of the Atlantic alliance allies for the operation in Afghanistan in 2001, to more controversial rhetoric about "rebel states."

The article analyzes modern terrorist threats in the context of military operations on the territory of Ukraine, which are associated not only with terrorist attacks on critical infrastructure facilities, but also with the active use of financial assets, the latest technologies and innovative financial instruments. An analysis of the concepts of «military terrorism», «financing of terrorism», as well as of the Ukrainian system of combating the legalization of proceeds of crime, financing of terrorism, was carried out, which allowed to identify and assess the main trends and directions of development of such countermeasures, to indicate the existing shortcomings and develop mechanisms for improving the analyzed system at the local and international level. A conclusion was reached on the need to strengthen interdepartmental and interstate cooperation, to establish links between regional anti-terrorist structures of law enforcement and special services, and to use units and units of the armed forces in the fight against military terrorism.

The article is devoted to the study of the category of "force majeure" and the characteristics of the exemption from liability in circumstances of force majeure. In addition, the definition of force majeure in international normative acts is studied, the categories of force majeure, irresistible force and state of emergency are compared. The regime of grounds for exemption from liability and the place of force majeure in it are considered. The peculiarities of changing and terminating the contract as a result of a significant change in circumstances in case of force majeure in accordance with the legislation of European countries and Ukraine are analyzed. The article pays special attention to the qualification of circumstances as force majeure in the context of the anti-terrorist operation and the war in Ukraine. It is concluded that the concept of force majeure has its origin in Roman law and today it is known both in the civil and common law systems. From the time of Roman law, there was both a legislative regulation of exemption from liability for the occurrence of force majeure circumstances, as well as a contractual practice of formulating exemption from liability clauses.

The global spread of Remote Air Warfare expresses the emergence of a riskless unilateral war, aseptic for the offensive, lethal to the enemy and with reduced collateral damage This is the promise and the reality of employment of drones Accepting the objective operational advantages of Remote Air Warfare, this articles aims to determine which strategic differentiators contribute to its future preeminence. We argue that the growing preeminence of Remote Air Warfare will have effects at the operational level, with impact on the conduct of war; genetic effects reflected in the change in the characteristics and capabilities of airpower, and political effects which impact the decision making process about the use of force. Adapted from the source document.

This paper, intends to perform a legal analysis and factual the operation known "Jaque" conducted in Colombia, allegedly by the military forces of this
country, to make the search for truth is tested first in the Colombian constitution regarding the regulation on the permanence, transit, management and operations, foreign military forces on our territory, on appeal is heard from the operation of the facts
known to it, from various media sources the same, and finally the conclusions are trying to answer What if the constitution is respected or if instead it has made behind our legal system?

This study addresses the Spanish Armed Forces, through 100 in-depth interviews and analysis of experiences in international operations. This has analyzed the contact with other actors in the theater of operations, training and training conducted prior to the mission, their accommodation and understanding of the rules of engagement, motivations, perceptions and experiences, personal and group performances, the degree of fulfillment of the objectives of the mission and family and psychological problems that may have generated the participation in a mission of this kind. The result of this case study is part of a national study called Lessons Learned on Asymmetric Warfare and sponsored by the ISA RC No 1 Working Group and the Military Profession ERGOMAS. Adapted from the source document.

This paper discusses two recent speeches by President Obama and the two different types of changes they introduce, identifying the decision processes they reflect. The first speech implies a move away from the continuity of the security policy adopted by the previous administration, embodied by the Authorization to Use Military Force, announcing changes of the global strategy in the fight against terrorism, a greater judicial and political control on the use of drones and asking Congress to review the legal obstacles it created to the closure of Guantanamo. The second speech appears to invert the promises of the non-interventionist stance adopted by this administration, announcing the intention to use military force to punish the government of Syria for its repeated use of chemical weapons, without a United Nations mandate. Adapted from the source document.

In contrast to the first stage of peacekeeping operations, their recent evolution has been marked by a legitimacy crisis. The main argument is that transition -- from impartial operations to complex & robust operations was the result of the Security Council redefinition of peace & security in the post-Cold War era. Indeed, second stage operations are characterized by the presence of more ambitious goals & a greater -- though not uniform -- deployment of military forces. However, the complexity of conflicts accounts for its erratic evolution, the absence of a regulatory framework, & ultimately, the current perception of failure accompanying these operations. Adapted from the source document.

This work explores from a historical perspective the relationship between the US & the UN concerning peacekeeping operations. A relationship marked by the ambivalence that the US has evinced vis-a-vis the deployment of international military forces. The analysis reveals how a series of concerns related with decision-making on the use of force & the resulting financial & military commitments have prompted differing views on this issue. While the doctrine that ruled peacekeeping operations during the Cold War allowed the US to avoid these dilemmas, the increasing use of the veto since 1970 has brought to light the ambivalence. The analysis of the evolution of peacekeeping operations during the two last decades reveals a clear relationship between its rise & downfall, as well as Washington's enthusiasm or withdrawal. Adapted from the source document.

The news of the installation in Colombia, the Manta
military base, has generated a national controversy,
because it intends to transfer the base but transforming its operation throughout the country. This article aims compare the reasons for any inconvenience caused in installation in Ecuador and the
reasons for denying the firm extending the existence of the military base with discussions which has resulted in Colombia giving light to approach the analysis of this phenomenon.