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Component 1.3.5 – Improving Stakeholder Engagement Component 1.3.6 – Cases Studies The specific objective of this component was to support good practice in stakeholder engagement within the transboundary context of MSP. The aim was to engage stakeholders to discuss about the Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) process and its cross-border dimension as well as to support dissemination of good practice in stakeholder engagement, and so participate in the coherence of national planning plans. The approach retained for stakeholder engagement was to carry out multisector workshops relying on information produced by other actions of the project and stakeholders interviews to test different engagement methods: interviews, workshops, post-it sessions, Role-play "MSP challenge". ; This report was produced as part of SIMNORAT Project (Grant Agreement N0. EASME/EMFF/2015/1.2.1.3/03/SI2.742089). Competition for maritime space – for renewable energy equipment, aquaculture and other uses – has highlighted the need to manage our waters more coherently. Maritime spatial planning (MSP) works across borders and sectors to ensure human activities at sea take place in an efficient, safe and sustainable way. That is why the European Parliament and the Council have adopted a legislation to create a common framework for maritime spatial planning in Europe. The Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 (said Maritime Spatial Planning Directive) establishes a framework in order to reduce conflicts between sectors and create synergies between different activities, to encourage investment – by creating predictability, transparency and clearer rules, to increase cross-border cooperation – between EU countries to develop energy grids, shipping lanes, pipelines, submarine cables and other activities, but also to develop coherent networks of protected areas, and to protect the environment – through early identification of impact and opportunities for multiple use of space. The SIMNORAT project (Supporting ...

Can we imagine Greece and the South beyond the enduring binaries that have long defined them? In 2014, the art institution documenta publicly announced that its fourteenth edition (d14) would take place in both Kassel, Germany, and Athens, Greece. d14's stated goal, from the onset, was to balance 'the need to embody the palpable tension between the North and the South' while avoiding 'the traps of binary logic'. Yet d14's critics focused on how the exhibition was conceived and structured by a series of binaries, failing to overcome the intense sociopolitical antagonism between Germany and Greece, North and South. This article argues that while these critiques were necessary, they overlooked examples of connective thinking that delicately threaded together the split event. The article revisits works by four artists that exemplify this non-binary approach: Jani Christou, Vlassis Caniaris, Andreas Lolis and Alexandra Bachzetsis. Using Christou's idea of the 'continuum' as a paradigm, these artworks are offered as much-needed complements to the impasse of opposition, (a)symmetries and doubles left behind by d14. Ultimately, though, the article looks beyond the exhibition of d14 to consider how the continuum's fragile capacity for softening hardened positions might be extended to opening potential forms of relation within and between Greece and the South.

Wie verhält sich der politische Anspruch der Documenta-Macher_innen zur Realität, die sie mit der Schau generieren? Der Artikel geht dieser Frage mit Blick auf die Arbeitsbedingungen der Kunstvermittler bei der d14 nach und vollzieht einen Abgleich zwischen Anspruch und Wirklichkeit.

We estimate the effect of grant aid on poor college students' attainment and earnings using student-level administrative data from four-year public colleges in Texas. To identify these effects, we exploit a discontinuity in grant generosity as a function of family income. Eligibility for the maximum Pell Grant significantly increases degree receipt and earnings beginning four years after entry. Within 10 years, imputed taxes on eligible students' earnings gains fully recoup total government expenditures generated by initial eligibility. To clarify how these estimates relate to social welfare, we develop a general theoretical model and derive sufficient statistics for the welfare implications of changes in the price of college. Whether additional grant aid increases welfare depends on (1) net externalities from recipients' behavioral responses and (2) a direct effect of mitigating credit constraints or other frictions that inflate students' in-school marginal utility. Calibrating our model using nationally representative consumption data suggests that increasing grant aid for the average college student by $1 could generate negative externalities as high as $0.50 and still improve welfare. Applying our welfare formula and estimated direct effects to our setting and others suggests considerable welfare gains from grants that target low-income students.

Government student loan programs must balance the need to enforce repayment among borrowers who can afford to make their payments with some form of forgiveness or repayment assistance for those who cannot. Using unique survey and administrative data from the Canada Student Loan Program, we show that nearly all recent borrowers with annual incomes above $40,000 make their standard loan payments while repayment problems are common among borrowers earning less than $20,000. Still, over half of all low-income borrowers manage to make timely payments. We demonstrate that other financial resources in the form of savings and family support are key to understanding this - repayment problems are rare among low-earners with access to savings and family support. This has important policy implications, in part, because many recent proposals have advocated for a move to an income-based repayment system. Under such a system, many low-income borrowers in good-standing (due primarily to savings and family support) would pay less, while little new revenue would likely be generated from inducing payment among those that are currently delinquent or in default since their income levels are so low. Specifically, we show that expanding Canada's income-based Repayment Assistance Plan to automatically cover all borrowers could reduce revenue by nearly one-half over the first few years of repayment. Although a sizeable group of recent borrowers would benefit from improved repayment assistance, our results suggest caution before broadly expanding assistance to all low-income borrowers, many of whom already benefit from informal insurance provided by savings and their families.

Abstract. The paper probes the roles of Financial Inclusion and human capital financing as catalysts for economic growth in Africa during the boom and burst periods. It adopts a battery of estimators like the Pooled OLS, Fixed Effect, Generalized Method of Moment and the Pairwise Granger Causality Tests for a panel of 57 African countries over the period stemming 2004-2015. The results show that financial inclusion has led to increased economic growth and stability in African while the impact of human capital still needs more commitments. The emanating policy antidotes are that there is urgent need for the CBs in Africa to intensify more efforts in banking the unbanked population and also, government should raise the percentage of budget allocation on education in other to improve on the level of human capital and achieve the very much needed sustained development in Africa.Keywords. Financial education, Financial inclusion, Financial literacy, Africa.JEL. D14, D18, G21, I28.