Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR). Excerpt from the author's book, "Westmedien in der DDR: Nutzung, Image und Auswirkungen bundesrepublikanischen Hörfunks und Fernsehens," Cologne, Verlag Wissenschaft und Politik, 1988. Based on a sample survey of East German immigrants in West Germany; includes discussion of attitude towards West German radio and television programs broadcast in East Germany.
The economic or political economy of conflicts and civil wars in Africa is an expanding field with an increase in research and literature especially in the last few decades. However, less attention has been devoted to the role of political economy in peacebuilding operations/interventions. This dissertation examines the extent to which political economy, specifically its elements in terms of interests, incentives, and institutions shapes the conceptualization, design and implementation of Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) and the prospects for sustainable peace. The Niger Delta Amnesty (NDA) is used as an empirical case study.:CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction 1.1 State of the art 1.1.1 The political economy of peacebuilding 1.1.2 Institutions in rentier states 1.1.3 Resource curse discourse and interests 1.1.4 Wealth distribution and incentives 1.2 Research question 1.3 Problem statement 1.4 Overview of research methodology 1.4.1 Structural framework of the political economy approach 1.4.1.1 Neoliberalism Approach 1.4.1.2 Neopatrimonialism approach 1.4.2 Comment on sources 1.4.2.1 Research design 1.4.2.2 Research method 1.4.2.3 Data generation method 1.4.2.4 Method of data analysis 1.5 Challenges in the field 1.6 The structure of the dissertation CHAPTER TWO HISTORICIZING OIL CONFLICT IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION 2 Introduction 2.1 Analyzing the Origins and dynamics of the Niger Delta Conflict 2.1.1 The Geography and People of the Niger Delta 2.1.2 Pre-colonial Niger Delta and the Emergence of European Trade in Nigeria (1444 – 1850) 2.1.3 Colonial Considerations: Increasing Agitations, Palm oil Production and the Discovery of Oil (1851 – 1960) 2.1.4 Independent and Post Independent Nigeria and the Foundations of the Oil Conflict (1960 – Present) 2.1.5 Militant Movements in the Niger Delta in the Recent Past (1990s – Present) 2.2 Nigerian Political Economy, State Policy Response and the Nature of the Nigerian State 2.2.1 A Survey of the Nigerian Political Economy 2.2.2 State-centric Responses to the Niger Delta Oil Conflict (1960 – 2009) 2.2.2.1 Positive "Carrot" Approach 2.2.2.2 Coercive "Stick" Approach 2.2.3 An Explanation of the Nature and character of the Nigerian State 2.3 Conclusion CHAPTER THREE THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF STATE AND NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA 3 Introduction 3.1 Furthering Institutional Scholarship and Debates 3.1.1 The Mainstream Debate 3.1.2 The Critical School 3.2 State-to-State Institutional Interaction 3.2.1 Institutions as "Rules of the Game" 3.2.2 Differential Power Distribution 3.2.3 Formal Institutional Bargaining 3.3 Non-state Driven Institutional Interlinkage 3.3.1 Institutions as socially shared rules/traditional systems 3.4 State and Non-state Institutional Exchange 3.4.1 Institutional Bricolage 3.4.2 Institutional Credibility 3.5 State, Non-state and International Collaboration 3.5.1 Complexities of NDA and DDR Institutions 3.5.2 Complementarity of NDA and DDR Institutions 3.5.3 Limited Access Order in NDA and DDR Institutions 3.6 Implications of Statutory, Non-Statutory and International Institutions to NDA and DDR 3.6.1 Lack of Coordination 3.6.2 Exacerbation of Conflict 3.6.3 Weak Hybridized Institutions 3.7 Conclusion CHAPTER FOUR CONCEPTUALISING INTERESTS AND INCENTIVES IN THE FRAMING OF THE NIGER DELTA AMNESTY AND DDR PROGRAM 4 Introduction 4.1 Mapping Actor Network Analysis in the Niger Delta Conflict 4.1.1 The Nigerian Government 4.1.2 Oil Communities 4.1.3 Multinational Oil Companies (MNOCs) 4.2 Contested Interests: Actors, Encounters and Entanglements in the Niger Delta 4.2.1 Powerful Versus Powerless Encounters 4.2.2 Elitists Entanglements 4.2.3 Intra and Inter Community Contestations 4.2.4 MNOCs and Niger Delta Communities' Confrontations 4.3 Conclusion CHAPTER FIVE A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NIGER DELTA AMNESTY, DISARMAMENT, DEMOBILIZATION AND REINTEGRATION PROGRAM 5 Introduction 5.1 Amnesty: A Peacebuilding Practice 5.2 The NDA and DDR Program and the Politics of conceptualization 5.3 NDA and DDR Program and the Art of Negotiation 5.4 NDA and DDR: The Practice of Planning 5.5 The Implementation Process of the Niger Delta Amnesty and DDR Program 5.5.1 The Disarmament Phase 5.5.2 The Demobilisation Phase 5.5.3 The Reintegration Phase 5.6 Niger Delta Amnesty and DDR Process: A Shift from a Neoliberal Integrated Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Standards (IDDRS) Principles to a Neopatrimonial DDR Practice 5.6.1 From a people centered approach to a patron-client driven approach 5.6.2 From a flexible, transparent and accountable doctrine to a non-transparent and unaccountable DDR process 5.6.3 Nationally Owned 5.6.4 From an Integrated IDDRS Norm to a non-integrated approach 5.6.5 From a well-planned IDDRS to a haphazard DDR 5.7 Conclusion CHAPTER SIX GENERAL CONCLUSION 6 Introduction 6.1 Main Research Questions and Empirical Findings 6.2 Theoretical and Empirical Contribution 6.3 Potential Concerns for Future Research BIBLIOGRAPHY
In dem vorliegenden Bericht werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse zur Weltanschauung junger Christen in der DDR tabellarisch dargestellt. Die Darstellung konzentriert sich auf folgende Themen: die Haltung junger Christen zur politischen Situation, ihre politische Grundüberzeugungen und Kenntnisse, ihr Beitrag "im Kampf um den Frieden", ihre Haltung zum Militär der DDR, ihre Quellen der politischen Information und ihre Kontakte zu den Bürgern der Bundesrepublik. "Die Ergebnisse belegen, daß auch die jungen Christen sich des Ernstes der durch den Imperialismus zugespitzten Situation bewußt sind. Für fast alle von ihnen ist die Erkenntnis charakteristisch, daß es heute nichts wichtigeres gibt als die Sicherung des Friedens. In dieser Grundfrage unterscheiden sie sich nicht von nichtchristlichen Bürgern." (psz)
Der Autor gibt einen informativen Überblick über die Haltung der DDR-Militärpolitik zu nationalen Befreiungskriegen und zur militärischen Verteidigung "revolutionärer Errungenschaften" in der Dritten Welt sowie über das dortige militärische Engagement der DDR, d.h. über die Waffenexporte und die Entsendung von Militärberatern der DDR. (BIOst-Klk)
Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR). First printed in: Dt Inst Wirtschaftsforsch Wochenber 53:611-19 N 27 '86. Covers the period 1970-1985. Includes information on new construction and renovation of residential buildings as well as discussion of the 1986-1990 East German construction program.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the incorporation of the LGBT perspective in the disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) policies implemented by the Colombian State. To raise these reflections, a documentary review of the reports published by the Reincorporation and Standardization Agency (ARN by its acronym in Spanish) and its predecessor organizations, a series of interviews with officials of the institution and a workshop with a regional team were carried out. In general, we argue that despite the incursion of LGBT perspective in other policy areas of the Colombian transitional process, its integration in DDR programs is scarce since it presents some conceptual and political premises that prevents its recognition and administration process.
Peter Ludes (Herausgeber): DDR-Fernsehen intern. Von der Honecker-Ära bis 'Deutschland einig Fernsehland'. Wissenschaftsverlag Volker Spiess, Berlin 1990. 366 Seiten, 48,- DM
The Funkhaus Nalepastrasse, the broadcasting studio in East Berlin, was a world apart. Five radio programs were broadcast all over the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from this central location. Radio documentaries, called features, were a permanent part of the program. Now for the first time, the numerous sound recordings, scripts, and papers of the GDR feature are evaluated in this book. In addition, 40 eyewitnesses have been interviewed about their work on the cultural programs: authors, dramaturges, and producers talk about their "radio niche". The book conveys a precise insight into the conditions of journalism and art in the "real existing socialism
In an attempt to facilitate transition from conflict to peace, Disengagement, Disassociation, Reintegration and Reconciliation (DDRR) initiatives are key in fostering national dialogue and reconciliation. While much literature exists on the disengagement component of the process, very few scholars have documented in detail the screening phase and its challenges. Indeed, the screening phase is critical to ensure the success of a DDRR program, especially in contexts dominated by non-state armed groups (NSAGs). This publication examines how the Government of Niger (GoN) implements the screening process for disengaged combatants associated with Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa (BH/ISIS-WA). Thanks to the screening process, this article also explores the linkages between BH/ISIS-WA surrenders and judicial actors, as an opportunity to collect information on arrested associates in an environment with weak state presence characterized by heightened insecurity. The Government of Niger has made progress in the treatment of defectors by updating its legal framework, through the creation of a National Program on disengaged combatants and the set-up of an action plan to seek international support. The GoN is therefore trying to align itself based on respect for the International humanitarian laws and United Nations resolutions, in order to promote the human rights of both BH/ISIS-WA repentants and the communities into which they integrate. Additionally, the GoN strives to integrate lessons learnt from other Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) programs dealing with Violent Extremist Organizations (VEOs) across the African continent, in particular the case of Somalia. The overall process is managed by the Ministry of the Interior (MoI) but includes several other governmental agencies as well. In some instances, parts of the DDR implementation chain benefit from the support of international partners. The author of this article was in charge of providing technical assistance to the Government of Niger in developing a national strategy for disengaged persons associated with BH/ISIS-WA. He also assisted state actors to implement program components, such as the screening phase and the legal framework.
Die Feldstudie will Aufschluß geben über den Zusammenhang von Massenkommunikation und interpersonaler Kommunikation am Beispiel der Jugendsendung "Jugendklub tv 2" des DDR-Fernsehens. Die Befragung wurde im November 1978 unter 401 Schülern der 10. Klasse aus Leipzig durchgeführt. Folgende Schwerpunkte wurden analysiert: 1. Nutzung von Jugendsendungen im Rahmen des allgemeinen Fernsehkonsums. 2. Einstellungen und Meinungen zu den Sendungen des Jugendprogramms. 3. Erwartungen an Jugendsendungen und Urteilskriterien der Schüler. 4. Bedeutung der interpersonalen Kommunikation für die Wirksamkeit des Jugendfernsehens. Es zeigt sich, daß die Beachtung der Änderung von Rezeptionsgewohnheiten sowie die Kenntnisnahme typischer Kommunikationsprozesse im Alltag der Jugendlichen und westlicher Einflüsse Grundvoraussetzungen für ein attraktives DDR-Jugendfernsehen und staatliches Kulturangebot für Jugendliche sind. Es wurden Primärquellen verwertet. (ICB)
