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Education is the key to risk reduction, be it environmental management or disaster risk reduction, and is a process which needs to be embedded at different levels of management and practices to collectively reduce the risk. While school education forms the foundations of the knowledge cycle, for effective knowledge use, it is necessary to link school and community education. Education is linked to enhanced awareness and a key reflection of education is seen in terms of actions. Divided into four sections this book begins with an informative introduction to the subject of disaster risk reduction education and proceeds to highlight key places of education such as family, community, school, and higher education. It then examines approaches, methods and tools before providing a future perspective and pointing to the way ahead. This is the first book of its kind on disaster risk reduction education. A ready reference for practitioners in the field this book describes and demonstrates different aspects of education in an easy-to-understand form with current academic research and practical field experiences included throughout.

The discipline of disaster medicine is the study and collaborative application of various health sciences towards the prevention of, preparation for, response to and recovery from health problems arising from a disaster. Because disasters can strike anywhere in the world and can have devastating effects on the community, it is vitally important that the different agencies, government departments and medical disciplines work together to draw up adequate mitigation plans. It is also crucial that each agency is aware of its responsibilities and understands the chain of command in a disaster situation.

PurposeThis paper aims to provide graduate students, researchers, and government and independent agencies with an overview of disaster types.Design/methodology/approachDisaster types have been the subject of research by and concern to academicians and to government and independent agencies. The paper summarizes the views of researchers and agencies. Disaster types are collected from several sources such as technical, general articles, internet web sites, and internal reports. Disaster definitions, criteria and types are reviewed. Disasters are classified into natural disasters, man‐made disasters, and hybrid disasters. Man‐made disasters are classified into technological disasters, transportation accidents, public places failure, and production failure. The paper presents a comparison between the main types of disasters.FindingsDisasters are classified into three types: naturals, man‐mades, and hybrid disasters. It is believed that the three disaster types cover all disastrous events. No definition of disaster is universally accepted. Several criteria are proposed to define disasters. Understanding of disaster definitions, criteria, and types aids researchers and agencies in the proper classification, good recording, and better analysis of disasters. Disasters have different characteristics and impact; however, disasters have a common element, which is their severity.Originality/valueThis paper presents a definition of and criteria for disasters. The paper also presents an overview of disaster types. The paper presents a comparison between the main types of disasters, and combines various disaster terms into one record.

The term "disaster subculture", was introduced in the 1960s and 1970s, but has since not been given a great deal of attention. Even though it is still referred to in passing, the elements of disaster subculture are rarely discussed. After considering some examples of the phenomenon and its characteristics, concludes that disaster or emergency subculture does not seem to be an appropriate application of the wider sociological concept of subculture. It is not an alternative to the mainstream culture of a society but represents an aspect of that dominant culture that only manifests itself under particular circumstances. Proposes that, like other aspects of culture, it is learned by society and its members from past experience, personal as well as societal. It entails many features typical of society's cultural heritage and often entails role and behaviour changes deemed appropriate in emergencies. Concludes that, in light of this discussion, it would seem reasonable to change the term subculture as applied to disaster behaviour to bring the name in line with generally accepted usage.

1. "Risk and danger", Risk and blame, Mary Douglas, 2002 / Mary Douglas -- 2. From vulnerability to empowerment, Mapping vulnerability : disasters, development and people, edited by Greg Bankoff, George Frerks, and Dorothea Hilhorst, 2004 / Annelies Heijmans -- 3. Sustainable disasters? : perspectives and powers in the discourse of calamity, Power of development, edited by Jonathan Crush, 1995 / Kenneth Hewitt -- 4. Framing disaster : theories and stories seeking to understand hazards, vulnerability and risk, Handbook of hazards and disaster risk reduction, edited by Ben Wisner, J.C. Gaillard and Ilan Kelman, 2012 / Ben Wisner, J.C. Gaillard and Ilan Kelman -- 5. Attitudes toward death and dying, On death and dying, Elisabeth Kubler Ross, 1973 / Elisabeth Kubler-Ross -- 6. Toeing the line or breaking the glass ceiling, Gender and wildfire: landscapes of uncertainty, Christine Eriksen, 2014 / Christine Eriksen -- 7. Critical reflections on disaster prevention education, Learning and calamities: practices, interpretations, patterns, edited by Heike Egner, Maren Schorch and Martin Voss, 2015 / Marla Petal -- 8. The worm on the bud: corruption, construction and catastrophe, Hazards and the built environment: attaining built-in resilience, edited by Lee Bosher, 2008 / James Lewis -- 9. Disaster responsibility, Disaster law, Kristian Cedervall Lauta, 2015 / Kristian Cedervall Lauta -- 10. The global vulnerability, Disasters and the small dwelling: perspectives for the UN IDNDR, edited by Ian Davis and Yasemin Aysan, 1992 / Gustavo Wilches-Chaux -- 11. The archaeology of disasters: past future trends, Natural disasters and cultural change, edited by Robin Torrence and John Grattan, 2002 / Robin Torrence and John Grattan -- 112. Peru's five-hundred-year earthquake: vulnerability in historical context, The angry earth: disaster in anthropological perspective, edited by Antony Oliver-Smith and Susanna Hoffman, 2000 / Anthony Oliver-Smith.

Certain disasters have left such an indelible mark on history that people never tire of learning about them and wanting to discover more details. That's true of the dreadful disasters in this captivating book, which describes what happened in a sensitive and accessible way. As riveted readers learn about history's biggest catastrophes, they'll feel like they're on the scene, including the deck of the Titanic and at the foot of an explosive volcano. Vivid photographs throughout the exciting design bring the nasty past to the present.

This is the first book of its kind on disaster risk reduction education. A ready reference for practitioners in the field this book describes and demonstrates different aspects of disaster risk reduction education in an easy-to-understand form with current academic research and practical field experiences included throughout

"Contextualizing Disaster" offers a comparative analysis of six recent highly visible disasters and several slow-burning, hidden, crises that include typhoons, tsunamis, earthquakes, chemical spills, and the unfolding consequences of rising seas and climate change. The book argues that, while disasters are increasingly represented by the media as unique, exceptional, newsworthy events, it is a mistake to think of disasters as isolated or discrete occurrences. Rather, building on insights developed by political ecologists, this book makes a compelling argument for understanding disasters as transnational and global phenomena.