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'The editors of this book have put together a volume that advances research on and deepens the understanding of social entrepreneurship in a number of ways. First, the volume offers a model of social entrepreneurship that bridges economics and sociology. Second, the approach taken expands our understanding of the broader phenomenon without compromising attention to detail. Third, the book also illustrates the usefulness of action research as a means of simultaneously intervening to create social and economic value and collecting data to test theory. All in all, this book represents an excellent resource for scholars; the literature review alone is worth acquiring it, let alone the other sections on social exchange theory, action research methodology, and philanthropic finance. Because of its practice orientation, this book is also a good resource for policy makers who want fresh thinking and evidence-based approaches to policy.' - Gideon D. Markman, Colorado State University, US. 'Social entrepreneurship has emerged as an academic field, due to growing interest among students, academics, and policymakers in understanding the antecedents and consequences of these activities. Unfortunately, there has been no comprehensive collection of state-of-the-art theoretical and empirical research on this topic. This timely and important book fills this gap, by effectively synthesizing the burgeoning interdisciplinary literature on social entrepreneurship. Given growing interest in social entrepreneurship, the usefulness of this book to academics, entrepreneurs, and policymakers will not diminish over time.' - Donald S. Siegel, University at Albany, SUNY, US. Scholars and policy makers have long recognized entrepreneurship as a powerful engine of economic growth. There is clear evidence, however, that when it comes to social entrepreneurship, policy attention has not been matched by growth in scholarly research. This volume illustrates the type of empirical effort that must take place for the field to advance. The authors review the latest research in the field and then address the many challenges - heterogeneous institutions, geographies and cultures, fast evolving practices, the lack of reliable large datasets, and fragmented theory building - that have hampered the development of this research. In many ways, the fundamental questions relating to the rationale and definitions of social entrepreneurship are still very much a work in progress. The main characteristics ...

This study, emerging from workshop activity carried out as part of the course on ECONOMY AND ADMINISTRATION OF CO-OPERATION AND NON-PROFIT, represents an examination of the economic-financial dimension of the work of the Tuscan voluntary organisations. It is inserted within an articulated research process devoted to an analysis of the accountability of these third sector agents, in the awareness that voluntary work has always been an important factor in civil progress. More specifically, the economic and financial information made available to the provinces as a result of the obligation on the voluntary organisations to deposit the annual financial statement has been fully exploited. This compliance has thus been transformed from a mere bureaucratic procedure into an opportunity for a collective cognitive enrichment through collection at regional level, reclassification and the aggregate analysis of the economic and financial data relating to the management reports (profit and loss accounts) of the voluntary organisations for 2004-2005. This has made it possible to underscore the nature and provenance of the economic and financial resources that accrue annually to such bodies, as well as the principal productive factors "consumed" in the performance of their activities. - Il presente studio, frutto di un'attività di laboratorio svolta all'interno dell'insegnamento di ECONOMIA E AMMINISTRAZIONE DELLA COOPERAZIONE E DEL NON PROFIT, rappresenta un esame della dimensione economico-finanziaria di esercizio delle organizzazioni di volontariato toscane. Esso si inserisce in un percorso di ricerca articolato e dedicato all'analisi dell'accountability di tali attori del terzo settore, nella consapevolezza che il volontariato rappresenta da sempre un importante fattore di progresso civile. In particolare, si è voluto far tesoro delle informazioni economico-finanziarie a disposizione delle province grazie all'obbligo di deposito del bilancio annuale da parte delle organizzazioni di volontariato. Si è proceduto a trasformare questo adempimento da semplice onere burocratico in una occasione di arricchimento conoscitivo collettivo attraverso la raccolta a livello regionale, la riclassificazione e l'analisi aggregata dei dati economico-finanziari relativi ai rendiconti gestionali (conti economici) 2004-2005 che caratterizzano il nostro volontariato. Ciò ha permesso di evidenziare la natura e la provenienza dei mezzi economico-finanziari che affluiscono annualmente a tali enti, nonché i principali fattori produttivi «consumati» nella realizzazione delle loro attività.

This book offers a practical guide and resource for those in law enforcement who analyze crime. The target audience is those new to crime analysis, however many resources are presented that should be useful to more experienced crime analysts as well. Chapter 1 provides an introduction of crime analysis, including the challenges involved in defining crime analysis and the reasons for analyzing crimes. The basic types of crime analysis used in most local law enforcement agencies are described, and the authors point out that most agencies are moving toward tactical and strategic methods of crime analysis. Chapter 2 focuses on the tools of crime analysis. Computer skills are an important component of crime analysis, as demonstrated by the many Internet links provided as resources throughout the book. The importance of knowing the law, the investigative process, and modern policing strategies are also underscored in chapter 2. Linkage analysis, statistical analysis, profiling, and spatial analysis are also addressed in this chapter. Chapter 3 describes the stages of crime analysis: evidence collection, collation, analysis, dissemination, feedback, and evaluation. The Intelligence Cycle of crime analysis is also briefly presented. Chapter 4 turns to a discussion of geographic information systems analysis. Creating crime maps and mapping other data for crime analysis is reviewed and points on privacy issues are offered. Chapter 5 presents many of the crime analysis products available for purchase, including a description of the types of administrative crime analysis reports, intelligence analysis products, and a listing of resources for crime analysis products. Chapter 6 offers advice for the new crime analyst, while chapter 7 discusses the creation of a crime analysis unit. Policies and procedures for such a unit are reviewed and the marketing and funding of a crime analysis unit are discussed. The authors describe how to Measure the success of a crime analysis unit and share crime analysis success stories. Chapter 8 moves into a discussion of education and training resources, including training options for those in law enforcement and education and training offered by colleges and universities. Finally, chapter 9 presents resources for the new crime analyst, including agency resources, publications, and Internet sites.

This report presents the findings of a three-year research project titled The Europeanisation of Everyday Life: Cross-Border Practices and Transnational Identities among EU and Third-Country Citizens (EUCROSS) funded by the European Commission as part of the 7th Framework Programme. Between 2011 and 2014, the project has carried out an extensive collection of sociological data in six EU member states: Denmark, Germany, Italy, Romania, Spain, and the UK. These data have two main sources. First, a large-scale, systematic and independent CATI survey (the EUCROSS survey) of 8500 interviews to nationals of these six countries and immigrants from Romania and Turkey. Second, a set of follow-up in-depth face-to-face interviews with 160 respondents (the EUMEAN survey).
These datasets advance existing studies on sociological Europeanisation by going beyond conventional data, such as Eurobarometer, and by taking its findings deep into a detailed breakdown of the changing everyday life and social practices of Europeans. Moreover, the project extends the realm of research on the internationalisation of European societies that has mostly been charted in social theoretical speculation rather than empirically established findings.
At a very general level, we address the theme of the sociological foundations of European integration. We tackle an argument that resonates strongly in the public discourse but is also echoed in much social science on the subject: namely, that European integration is 'an elite process' (Haller 2008). This argument has two strands. The first one, less problematic, holds that the EU (and its former institutional incarnations from the 1950s onwards) has been designed and advanced by a very small slice of the European population. By itself this should not be surprising: all new political regimes tend to be elite creations (Higley and Burton 2006). However, the second strand is much more contentious, even dangerous, and affects the chances of future European unity. It maintains that 'Europe' has become part of the life of the upper classes and a privileged segment of those classes who most directly benefit from European integration, while the rest of the populace is increasingly alienated from it. 'Elites and citizens live in different worlds', insists Haller (2008) – and only elites have a Europe-wide horizon. With some nuances, Fligstein reaches a similar conclusion in his book Euroclash (2008) – the EU population is split between a minority of Europeanized citizens and a majority of non-Europeanized ones, with national middle classes wavering in between.
The EUCROSS project sets out to test this argument: that is, discover more about the degree of 'horizontal Europeanisation' (Mau and Verwiebe 2010) of EU citizens, as well as an indicative sample of third country nationals, the Turkish. The project assumes that cross-border practices of all kinds, both physical and virtual, are the crucial aspect of the Europe in the making. Their spread or not across social categories – classes, cohorts, gender and nationalities – defines the degree of 'social exclusivity', so to speak, of sociological Europeanness. If low, the elite argument holds; if not, it doesn't. As committed empirical scholars, members of the EUCROSS team (from six different research institutions across Europe), endeavour to test to what extent such a cleavage divides Europeans in their everyday life.
The project focuses on practices (i.e., behaviour) but does not downplay the relevance of subjective dimensions of Europeanisation – a European 'identification' or, in a broader meaning preferred by EUCROSS researchers, 'sense of belonging' (Savage et al. 2005), as well as values, whether national or cosmopolitan. Indeed, broadly speaking, we expect that cross-border practices do indeed diffuse a sense of transnational belonging, in line with the 'transactional thesis' put forward initially by Karl Deutsch (Deutsch et al. 1957). But, again, this is submitted to empirical testing. Moreover, European belonging is unpacked into three different facets: a sense of cultural-territorial belonging to 'Europe', support and participation to the political project embodied by the EU, and solidarity with fellow Europeans.

Flash mobs are an urban movement in which it seems that random people meet at a random place and do something out of the ordinary to amuse people as well as to make them think, 'What just happened?' They begin as a communication in cyberspace and end as participation in real life, and with the growing popularity of flash mobs, corporations are starting to use this urban movement for commercial purposes. This research seeks to understand the perceptions and attitudes of both participants and the audience of flash mobs and will also examine the impact that commercial use has on this movement. The research is divided into three parts. The first part involves interviewing the audience of an actual flash mob organized by the author in London and will examine their perceptions towards the event they have just watched. The second part involves a questionnaire sent out to the general public, including a video of a real flash mob and a video of a commercialized flash mob. This questionnaire is divided into two parts, whether the interviewee knows what a flash mob is or not. The third part of the research involves interviewing the participants of the flash mob movement and examining their perceptions towards the commodification of the flash mobs by a corporation and the possible impacts of this commercialization on the urban movement. The analysis shows that the majority of the interviewees can detect the commodification of the real flash mob and the agents see the possibility that the urban movement may become mainstream through the commercial use by corporations.Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: AbstractIII Table of ContentsIV List of Figures1 List of Appendices2 Introduction3 1.Literature Review5 Chapter Outline5 Flash mob5 The development of a flash mob6 Word-of-mouth7 Viral Marketing9 Online Communities11 Community Marketing12 Authenticity13 2.Research Methods17 Chapter outline17 Problem Statement19 Objectives of this research19 Defining the Research Method21 Philosophies23 Data analysis27 Limitations27 Ethics27 3.Empirical Findings Analysis28 Chapter outline28 Audience survey28 General public survey29 General Public A29 General Public B42 Agent Survey54 4.Conclusion Recommendations81 Chapter outline81 Conclusion81 Recommendations83 Future Research83 References List84 Appendices87Textprobe:Text Sample: Chapter 2, Philosophies: This part of the 'research onion' consists of Pragmatism, Positivism, Realism, and Interpretivism. According to Saunders, Pragmatism argues that the most important determinant of the epistemology, ontology and axiology you adopt is the research question – one may be more appropriate than the other for answering particular questions. Ontology is related to the nature of reality and can be divided into objectivism, which is the existence of social entities in reality external to social actors; and subjectivism, which is the creation of social phenomena from the perceptions and consequent actions of social actors. In order to the current study, the ontology of subjectivism is used as it studies the details of the situation in order to understand the reality or perhaps a reality behind them. In this case, the perceptions of an audience watching a real and a fake flash mob are investigated as well as the impact of a commercialization of an urban movement to its members. Epistemology concerns what constitutes acceptable knowledge in a field of study. According to Saunders there are two different researchers, one who is researching objects, the 'resources' researcher; and the 'feelings' researcher, who is more interested in the feelings and attitudes. Regarding the current case study, the 'feeling' researchers has been used, as feelings and attitudes have been researched in order to collect data for a social phenomena, which has no external reality. Positivism and realism adopt the philosophical stance of the natural scientist and does not play a role for this study. Interpretivism, on the other hand, plays an important role, as it is used to understand differences between humans in our role as social actors. Interpretivist researchers enter the social world of the research subjects and understand their world form their point of view. The author of this research paper has entered the world of flash mobs and became an agent, organized several flash mobs and took part in different flash mobs to understand this urban movement. Relating Saunders definition, the philosophy of this research is Axiology, 'the researcher's view of the role of values in research' in combination with Interpretivism, as the research is value but the researcher is part of what is being researched and cannot be separated and so will be subjective. The next 'onion-ring' is the research approach. Two approaches are possible, the deductive and the inductive. The deductive approach involves the development of a theory, which consists of five stages: - Deducing hypothesis. - Expressing the hypothesis in operational terms. - Testing this operational hypothesis. - Examining the specific outcome of the inquiry. - If necessary, modifying the theory. The inductive approach makes first the research and then develops, with the help of the findings, a theory. Regarding the flash mob research, the deductive approach has been used. The hypothesis for this research is: 'Urban movements, such as the flash mob, are used by companies to promote their products/services and therefore these urban movements become mainstream and loose its originality'. The expression in operational terms can be found in the three surveys, developed for this research. One questionnaire has been developed for the audience at a flash mob taking place; another questionnaire for the general public, which has been sent out via e-mail; and a third questionnaire, which was published online and done by the Agents of ImprovEverywhere. Both questionnaires were tested with two test persons of each group and necessary changes, such as spelling mistakes or unclear questions were undertaken. The examination can be found in the Chapter 'Findings'. The research strategy, the first inner circle in Saunders Research Onion, used in this research is the Survey, as three different questionnaires have been developed. This research strategy has been chosen to understand the phenomena of a flash mob and to evaluate the impacts upon the urban movement due the commercial use by companies such as T-Mobile and vtm. The time horizon for this research is a cross-sectional study, the study at a particular time, which is June 2009 until September 2009. Within this time this research paper will be executed. The data collection for this research is only primary data as there was no secondary data found on the subject of flash mobs. As mentioned above, the research is divided into three primary researches. The first one will be a flash mob organized by the author and the audience of this flash mob will be interviewed. The research target is 20 interviews. The author organized a meeting with two other agents of UPN and discussed the strategy for the flash mob. It was agreed on a double flash mob on one day. The first one will be at Trafalgar Square in London and will be a 'Staring flash mob', in which the first agent starts freezing at a random spot on Trafalgar Square and stares at a random spot. Other agents will join that agent one by one until a whole group of agents stand at the same place and stare at the same spot. This flash mob will last for approximately 5 minutes and the sign for the agents to spread out again will be a whistle blow by the author. While this flash mob is happening, the author will conduct the research and interview the audience – the people standing around and watching the flash mob. After the first flash mob is done, all the agents will gather again and move together to Piccadilly Circus, where the second flash mob will take place. This flash mob is called 'Traffic Light Party'. There are a lot of traffic lights at Piccadilly Circus and the agents will stay together at the first traffic light and will be very sad that the traffic light is red. As soon as the traffic light turns green, all agents will cheer and make a big party. Every participant will be asked to bring noise making items, such as whistles. This flash mob continues for several times, as the traffic lights for pedestrians go around the whole Piccadilly Circus and a lot of tourists will be there. Meeting point for this day will be a little park in Soho, where all the agents will be instructed about the two flash mobs. Meeting time will be Saturday, August 25th 2009 at 2pm. The three organizers also developed a marketing strategy and a marketing plan for the two flash mobs. Three weeks in advance of the meeting day, a Facebook group will be created, as well as a post on UPN, giving only very few information to the agents to create curiosity. More details will be given as the day of the event moves closer. Further more Twitter has been used to spread the word. Twitter is a 'real-time short messaging service that works over multiple networks and devices'. The messages on Twitter will be also very short and more detailed information will be given as the event moves closer. A reminder will be sent to every interested person a week before the event and one day in advance via Facebook and within UPN. Messages as a reminder will be posted on Twitter at the same time. The second part of the research will be a questionnaire sent to friends, acquaintances and fellow students. The questionnaire is divided into two parts. The division takes place after the first question, whether the interviewee know what a flash mob is (this group will be called 'General Public B') or not know what a flash mob is (this group will be called 'General Public A'). The target for this group is 20 questionnaires. The first and second research will help to understand the perceptions of the general public towards flash mobs as well as the impact upon the urban movement due the commercial use. The third part of the research is an online survey for the agents of ImprovEverywhere. The target for this research is 20 questionnaires. This part of the research will help to understand the perceptions of the people actually doing a flash mob and their view towards the commercial use by T-Mobile, vtm and others. LimeService has been used as the platform for the survey. After creating the survey, it was activated on August 10th, 2009 and the agents have been invited on that day via UPN. The survey has been deactivated on August 18th, 2009, after 19 agents have (partially) filled in the questionnaire.

Successfully Using ChatGPT in Logistics: Are We There Yet? -- When Routing Meets Recommendation: Solving Dynamic Order Recommendations Problem in Peer-to-Peer Logistics Platforms -- A Reactive-Periodic Hybrid Optimization for Internal Hospital Logistics -- Cybersecurity Considerations for the Design of a Digital Twin Enabled AI-Driven Real-Time Distributed Optimization of Container Carbon Emissions Reduction for Synchromodal Freight Operations -- Customer's Choice in the Context of Cross-border E-Commerce: An Application of SEM -- Towards a Deep Reinforcement Learning Model of Master Bay Stowage Planning -- The Dynamic RORO Stowage Planning Problem -- Allocation of shore side electricity: The case of the Port of Hamburg -- Stockyard storage space allocation in dry bulk terminals considering mist cannons and energy expenditure -- Planning LNG Annual Delivery Programs with Speed Optimization and Multiple Loading Ports -- Tramp Ship Routing with Bunker Optimization and Flexible Cargo Quantities: Case from Dry Bulk Shipping -- Digital Twins in Seaports: Current and Future Applications -- Using Neural Networks for ETA Prediction in inland waterway transport -- A Regret Policy For The Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows -- A Tabu Search Algorithm for the Traveling Purchaser Problem with Transportation Time Limit -- GRASP solution approach for the e-waste collection problem -- The heterogeneous fleet risk-constrained vehicle routing problem in humanitarian logistics -- The Snow Grooming Routing Problem -- A constraint programming model for the vehicle routing problem with multiple time windows -- A Variable Neighborhood Search Algorithm for the Truck-Drone Routing Problem -- Prediction and Analysis of Transit Ferries Travel Time: An Open Data-Based Case Study -- A Bi-objective Column Generation Approach for Real-World Rolling Stock Circulation Planning Problems -- An Effective Matheuristic Approach for Robust Bus Driver Rostering with Uncertain Daily Working Hours -- Beyond Cargo Hitching: Combined People and Freight Transport Using Dynamically Configurable Autonomous Vehicles -- Impact of Public Transport Development on Health Care Services in Rural Areas -- Ridesharing in Rural Areas with Autonomous Electric Vehicles and Interrelated Trips -- Operational integration of supply chain activities with earliness and tardiness considerations -- Constrained Multi-Agent Path Planning Problem -- UAV Path Planning for Area Coverage and Energy Consumption in Oil and Gas Exploration Environment -- Minimizing peak energy demand in exible job shops -- Carbon-Aware Mine Planning with a Novel Multi-Objective Framework -- Multi-product lot-sizing problem with remanufacturing, lost sales and sequence-dependent changeover cost. -- A radius-based approach for the bi-objective p-center and p-dispersion problem.

"The life-history record is a relatively new instrument for the study of human behavior. As such it should be used with full consciousness of its values, limitations, and possible shortcomings. No one will question the value of the life-history as a human document when written freely and frankly. It admits the reader into the inner experience of other men, men apparently widely different from himself: criminals, hobos, and other adventurers. Through the life-history he becomes acquainted with those far removed from the sheltered routine of his own existence in much the same intimate way that he knows himself or a friend. As he lives, for the time being, their careers and participates in their memories and mistakes, aspirations and failures he comes to realize the basic likeness of all human beings despite the differences, real as they are, of biological endowment and social experience. Granted that the life-history possesses this unique human value, what if any is its function as an instrument of scientific inquiry? Is the writer of the document telling the truth? Is he not influenced, consciously or unconsciously, by his conception of his audience? Does any person know sufficiently well the causes of his own behavior for his statement, sincere though it may be, to be given full credence? These and other questions must be squarely faced before any final decision may be made upon the merits of the life-history as an instrument of scientific research. No attempt will be made to give an answer here. But attention should be called to the care and discrimination used in the securing and checking of the documents in this volume and the other life-histories in preparation for this series. First of all the person is asked to write the history of his experience in his own way uninfluenced by a series of detailed guide questions. The events of the history are then checked by interviews with parents, brothers and sisters, friends, gang associates, school teachers and principals, probation officers, and social workers. Official records are secured and the accounts of delinquencies checked against written reports. Finally, it is realized that it is hazardous to venture generalizations based upon the data in a few case studies. For that reason Mr. Shaw and his associates are now engaged in the task of obtaining a considerable number of life-histories of criminal careers. The comparison and analysis of a sufficiently large collection of these documents ought to throw light upon the validity of their use in the scientific inquiry into human behavior"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved).

From the introduction: Based on the findings of the correlation analysis described in chapter 7.1, factors of influence and variables statistically not related to financial B2C e-commerce can now be distinguished. While the focus of this part of the analysis lies on factors showing significant correlation coefficients in relation to the research topic, this does not mean that the non-correlated factors are not of importance or somewhat connected. The statistical measurements may not be suitable for this type of analysis, survey results may be misleading or the situation will have changed in the last two years after the investigation. On the other hand, the observed correlations do not necessarily equal a causal relationship and the high complex matter can not be explained by single variables as influence factors. The conducted correlation analysis only serves as an indicator for potential influence factors or accelerators and has to be carefully evaluated. Keeping these considerations in mind, the statistical analysis within the scope of this masters dissertation will support the following conclusions and interpretations. First of all, computer usage and skills as well as internet usage and skills need to be on a high level in a country to facilitate financial B2C e-commerce. Residents of countries with higher levels for the subject of examination will probably already have gained adequate skills, as indicated by a medium strong negative relation to computer courses taken in the last three months and other online activities such as online information search and online banking positively correlated. While online banking is partially included in the variable e_comm representing financial B2C e-commerce through customer's usage of online financial services, this particular result may not be totally conclusive. However, it seems logical that consumers with good computer and internet skills also spending a lot of time with advanced activities on the internet may also engage in financial B2C e-commerce. This assumption narrows down the target group and excludes a certain clientele from online product offers of financial institutions - banks will need to adapt their web portals accordingly, set up initiatives improving computer and web skills of their consumers and meet their consumers on the internet, e.g. with advertising while they are using search engines. Practical evidence supporting these interpretations can be found in several examples of the past, e.g. extensive usability evaluations for UK banks by the press and specialised agencies, internet courses for seniors offered with German Postbank or online marketing success stories of financial enterprises. Similar to skills and frequency of use, basic technical availability of infrastructure such as computer system and internet access is required for the realisation of the research issue. Since mobile ownership and high-speed broadband access are also highly correlated, it can be assumed that countries with a generally higher technological development will have higher levels of financial B2C e-commerce. It can be expected that almost all European countries will reach digital maturity in the next few years and will be implicit, which will automatically accommodate the matter of examination. Structural factors of the finance sector do not show linkages to financial B2C e-commerce, only countries' GDP show a certain positive correlation, which is in line with findings on online banking. E-government seems to be in a similar state like the research topic, but does not seem to be of direct influence. General e-commerce in a country seems to have a positive relationship with financial e-commerce, especially in countries with a low rate of encountered problems on customer side. This makes sense as customers will possibly have good experiences with this business practice and will therefore not limit their e-commerce activity to certain business sectors. One could also infer that banks in countries with a high rate of general e-commerce will have better opportunities to market their online product sales. Going further, banks should actively support e-commerce business models of all sectors, for example though offering electronic, credit card or e-commerce shop payment systems. Whereas most cross-border e-commerce variables examined would not show high correlation coefficients, concerns about varying consumer protection in other countries seem to be important for consumers actively involved in financial B2C e-commerce. Even more interestingly, countries with a high level of financial B2 e-commerce would also show a high readiness of their consumers to participate in cross-border e-commerce, especially if prices in foreign countries are lower. Obviously, customers using domestic online services could easily expand their buying habits to other European countries, if suitable products offers and legal frameworks are available. Through cross-border financial B2C e-commerce, there is a potential danger to lose customers to foreign banks - domestic banks observing critical tendencies need to act accordingly. First of all, marketing research is needed to define current consumer buying habits and problems related. Banks with the necessary market power could adapt their product offers to target consumers prone to switch to foreign competitors, smaller local banks need to differentiate and exploit local advantages. Examples can be found in the German market with Commerzbank and its direct bank subsidiary comdirect directly competing with INGDiBa of the Dutch ING group or with Kreissparkasse Köln using local affiliates like sports clubs for their product sales, promoting high-interest deposit account in local Cologne dialect and offering a loyalty card for a local business partner network to their customers. Trust in online financial transactions and their security as well as a positive perception of consumer rights protection seems to be necessarily interwoven with financial B2C e-commerce. It is therefore crucial for financial institutions to ensure secure transactions according to the latest industry standards, provide valid information on internet security to customers and offer practical customer support concerning virus protection and internet fraud prevention. Banks should also value the importance of consumer rights highly, e.g. through using complaint management, support of nation or European wide legal initiatives and positive attitude towards consumer action groups. Most banks will have implemented security facilities, consumer rights are usually not explicitly mentioned and outlined on private customer webpages of commercial banks. The formal possibility to make complaints and enquiries should be largely improved by financial institutions in the EU. While the European Commision has for example established the Financial Services Consumer Group to promote this matter, which now tragically appears in public in connection with the Financial crisis, illiquid banks and frozen consumer accounts. Payment types preferred in a country are of interest for the level of financial B2C e-commerce - logically, countries with a high adoption of bank transfers are likely to have a higher rate of e-commerce in place, while countries using traditional methods such as cheques or cash show lower adoption rates. This may be explained by a general lack of a necessity and willingness to use modern instruments such as online financial transactions. Promoting bank transfers, especially through self-service terminals and online channels, may therefore help banks to promote their e-commerce activities.Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: 1.Research Context1 1.1Introduction and Theoretical Background of the Research1 1.2Professional and Academic Significance of the Research3 2.Research Problem, Objectives and Scope5 2.1Research Problem Statement and Research Questions5 2.2Research Hypothesis6 2.3Research Aims and Objectives6 2.4Scope of the Research7 3.Literature Review8 3.1Overview Literature Review8 3.2Introduction to the Current EU Financial Sector9 3.3Developments and Forces of Change in the EU Banking Environment10 3.4Strategic Reactions and Major Trends in EU Banking10 3.5Recent Developments and the Current State of the EU Retail Banking Market10 3.6Recent Developments and Current State of Online Banking and Financial E-Commerce in the EU12 3.6.1E-Business Potential of the EU Banking Industry12 3.6.2Online Banking in EU countries12 3.6.3Financial E-Commerce in EU countries14 3.6.4Cross-border financial e-commerce16 3.6.5Advantages, Problems and Future Prospects of Financial E-Commerce in the European Union18 3.6.6Potential Influence Factors on Financial E-Commerce in the EU20 3.7Reflective Summary, Key Findings and Relation to Research Topic24 4.Research Methodology32 4.1Research Design32 4.2Research Strategy32 4.3Research Methods33 4.4Data Sources34 4.4.1Primary Data34 4.4.2Secondary Data35 4.5Data Analysis for Research Questions38 4.5.1Research Question 138 4.5.2Research Question 239 4.5.3Research Question 341 4.5.4Research Question 443 5.Research Question 1: Current State and Extent of B2C E-Commerce in the EU Banking Sector44 5.1Research Results and Findings for Research Question 144 5.1.1Basic Prerequisites for Provision of Financial Services Online44 5.1.2Provision of Financial Services Online and Financial E-Commerce45 5.1.3Consumer Adoption of Financial Services Online / Fin. E-Commerce47 5.1.4Cross-Country Financial E-Commerce50 5.2Research Analysis and Interpretation for Research Question 152 5.2.1Basic Prerequisites for Provision of Financial Services Online52 5.2.2Provision of Financial Services Online / Financial E-Commerce54 5.2.3ConsumerAdoption of Financial Services Online / Fin. E-Commerce55 5.2.4Analysis and Interpretation for Cross-Country Financial E-Commerce57 5.2.5Analysis and Interpretation Conclusion58 6.Research Question 2: Country Cluster Analysis for B2CE-Commerce in the EU Banking Sector59 6.1Research Results and Findings for Research Question 259 6.2Research Analysis and Interpretation for Research Question 262 7.Research Question 3: Influence Factors on B2C E-Commerce in the EU Banking Sector66 7.1Research Results and Findings for Research Question 366 7.2Research Analysis and Interpretation for Research Question 370 7.2.1Quantifiable Factors of Influence70 7.2.2Other Factors of Influence75 8.Research Question 4: The Case of Sparkasse Langen-Seligenstadt and B2C E-Commerce77 8.1Research Results and Findings for Research Question 477 8.2Research Analysis and Interpretation for Research Question 477 9.Reflections on the Current Financial Crisis and its Relation to the Research Topic83 10.Conclusion, Policy Recommendations and Future Research85Textprobe:Text Sample: Chapter 4.1, Research Design: Providing the framework for collection and analysis of data, the research design of the planned study can be best described as a cross-sectional design with comparative, cross-cultural and international research elements. Quantitative or quantifiable data (extent and potential influence factors of B2C e-commerce in the banking sector) is gathered for a range of cases (EU countries) at a single point in time to detect patterns of association. This approach seems suitable as it allows for a systematic and standardised method to examine relationships between the variables - financial e-commerce and its key influence factors - within the European sample. However, since the proposed design approach has no elements of an experimental design, problems of internal validity, credibility and uncertain causal relationships may occur. As already indicated in the research objectives, another research design in the form of a case study will additionally be used to apply conclusions and recommendations derived from the analysis to an exemplary mid-sized bank in Germany. The case study approach seems particularly interesting as the researcher is working for the examined company, will have access to internal resources and have opportunities to gather instant feedback on suggested improvements. Research Strategy: The research strategy chosen reflects the nature of the examined variables – some examined influence factors will be of quantitative character whereas others are rather difficult to quantify. Since the focus of this dissertation lies on the quantitative analysis of the extent and current state as well as on measurable relationships and possible dependencies between e-commerce adoption and several other factors, quantitative research serves as an appropriate research strategy. Having established this fact, it is equally important to realise that a well-balanced and complete appraisal of financial B2B e-commerce will involve qualitative factors and business case examples. Building on the complementarity of both groups of factors, elements of mixed methods research need to be taken into account as well. Research Methods: The research methods used are directly linked to the stated aims and objectives and are supposed to help achieve them in the most effective and meaningful manner. Almost all research objectives can be analysed with quantitative data analysis building on a relevant data set. However, due to the expected nature of the influence factors examined, qualitative document analysis of secondary research and an exemplary case study based on primary research will supplement the quantitative analysis. The reasons for choosing these research methods can be described as follows: first of all, the availability of current official statistics on this topic. Secondly, studies already conducted in the similar field of online banking with informative results and the connection with a company for a case study (see primary data) were seen as an excellent starting point. A number of reasons would even exclude other research methods such as surveys, interviewing techniques or the triangulation approach, which is commonly used for researching internet adoption. The European scope of the research as well as the highly confidential banking sector would not enable the researcher to conduct a survey research or interviews of representative nature. To enquire about the state of European B2C e-commerce in the financial sector, impact on domestic banks and its influence factors, it seems justified to use general statistical information available in the public domain together with secondary data for non-quantitative information as well as a case example thematically linked to the day-to-day business of local banks. Data Sources - Primary Data: Primary research was conducted first to determine the interest, level of support, requirements and wants of the sponsoring company Sparkasse Langen-Seligenstadt, Frankfurt, Germany, (see case study in appendix B) to facilitate and support dissertation on this particular topic. During the process of writing the dissertation several presentations and feedback sessions were arranged with the department of electronic media. Interim and final results were also discussed in an informal manner at the Conference on Innovation in the Banking Industry and at various other events. Most importantly, the case study employed was set up with the help of the electronic media department at Sparkasse Langen-Seligenstadt. In several interview sessions and group discussions, employees with different functions within the company, e.g. product managers, web designers, marketing experts, customer support agents, provided their insights and opinions on the reality of online product sales as conducted by Sparkasse Langen-Seligenstadt. From a future perspective, it may be possible to introduce the findings to a group of experts from different banks and discuss the results and implications, since the company is part of a larger network of German savings banks. The excellent availability of primary data and information from inside the company due to personal involvement of the researcher is highly beneficial for the reflective examination of B2C e-commerce in the financial sector. Data Sources - Secondary Data: For the thorough investigation into the extent of financial e-commerce and level of adoption by consumers, related information and data to be used had to meet the following criteria: a recent publishing date, highly relevant research topics and questions, multinational scope as well as high quality of the data set and its underlying questionnaires. The quantitative research parts of this dissertation were therefore largely based on the data set of the Eurostat Community Survey on ICT usage and e-Commerce in Enterprises in the Financial Sector, the analogue survey research for all kinds of enterprises and ICT Household survey, as shown in figure 9 at the end of this chapter. These sources of data were considered to be most appropriate for several reasons. Probably the most extensive and current data source on this issue, these sources covered the entire European Union (EU27 plus partially Norway and Iceland) and a number of e-commerce related questions in the year 2006. The quality and density of data seemed to be of high quality, with a representative sample of more than 100,000 enterprises in total for all sectors, more than 10,000 enterprises for the financial sector and 1000 to 6000 households in every country. The data sets were freely available as a working database, to be used with statistical tools such as SPSS or Microsoft Excel. Problems of validity seemed to be fairly low as standards and sample questionnaires were set up by the European Commission for the agencies conducting the analysis within the particular country. Several problems and limitations were identified in connection with the usage of these data sets. First of all, a general limitation to official statistics including this data set is the usage of aggregate data in some cases, so a potential for ecological fallacy as well as generalisation exists. Next, the pan-European sample incorporating highly different cases may not be equally as representative for all cases (see % of sampled enterprises in appendix D 2). Single missing values weakened the explanatory power for some parts of the analysis. It was also the case that data on certain issues, e.g. consumer satisfaction with product offers in this field, was not available for the entire sample at this point in time. Due to a lack of alternatives, following other examples of research using a similar approach as well as with reliance on the reputation of Eurostat, the extensive documentation) and the quality assurance of the OECD and other high profile institutions in this case, the decision to use the sources described seemed justified and a sound basis for the proposed research. Additionally, several Eurobarometer studies were used and considered for the data analysis of the third research question. Since they contained valuable information on public opinion regarding issues related to the research topic, it had to be accepted that the reference year varied in a few cases. For the qualitative part of the research and the literature review, other secondary resources such journals and reports available through the LSBU E-resources, Reuters Insight and the Business Source Premier database were used to start. Later on, materials from business school libraries in Germany amended prior findings. For particular parts of the research, e.g. regulatory issues or web usability, specific web resources were employed.

The International Conferences on Economics and Social Sciences (ICESS)organized by Bucharest University of Economic Studies provides an opportunity for all those interested in Economics and Social Sciences to discuss and exchange research ideas. The papers presented at the Conference are available online in the Conference Proceedings series (ISSN 2704-6524): Volume 2019 Collaborative Research for Excellence in Economics and Social Sciences, ISBN 9788366675322 Volume 2020 Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy, ISBN 9788395815072 This conference provides an opportunity for all those interested in Economics and Social Sciences to discuss and exchange research ideas. We welcome both empirical and theoretical work that is broadly consistent with the conference' general theme. Especially, researchers, PhD students and practitioners are invited to submit papers on the topics related to new models in entrepreneurship and innovation, sustainability and education, data science and digitalization, marketing and finance, Fintech & Insurtech etc. that will develop innovative instruments for countries, businesses and education. The innovative models for sustainable development aim to ensure simultaneous economic development, social development, and environmental protection, to achieve a higher quality of life for all people and protect all living beings and the planet. The main topics of the conference are focused on but not limited to the following sections: Fintech & Insurtech - towards a sustainable financial environment The role of innovation in public and private organizations Financial perspectives in turbulent times Global Challenges for Agri-Food Systems and Sustainable Development Economic Policies for Non-Cyclical Crises Education for Sustainable Development: impact of universities on society Marketing and Sustainability The role of accounting in Sustainable Development Global world after crisis: towards a new economic model Sustainability for future business Current challenges within demographic data: measurement, collection, retrieval, analysis and reporting We welcome you to join us for two intensive days of plenary speeches and specialized parallel sessions debates that will result in high quality practical insights and networking. Scientific CommitteeACELEANU Mirela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaALBU Lucian, Academia Romana, RomaniaANGHEL Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaARROYO GALLARDO Javier, Complutense University of Madrid, SpainAUSLOOS Marcel, Leicester University, United KingdomBEGALLI Diego, University of Verona, ItalyBELLINI Francesco, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyBRATOSIN Ștefan, Universite Montpellier 3, FranceCABANIS Andre, Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole, FranceCASTERAN Herbert, EM Strasbourg University, FranceCENȚIU Silvian, Retina Communications, San Francisco, USACERQUETI Roy, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyCHAVEZ Gilbert, Globis University Tokyo, JapanCOSTICÃ Ionela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaCOX Michael, London School of Economics, England, UKD'ASCENZO Fabrizio, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyDIMA Alina Mihaela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDÂRDALÃ Marian, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDUMITRESCU Dan Gabriel, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDUMITRU Ovidiu, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaFELEAGÃ Liliana, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaFONSECA Luis Miguel, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalGARCÍA-GOÑI Manuel, Universitad Complutense de Madrid, SpainGIUDICI Paolo, The University of Pavia, ItalyGRUBOR Aleksandar, University of Novi Sad, SerbiaHÄRDLE Wolfgang Karl, Humboldt University of Berlin, GermanyHURDUZEU Gheorghe, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaISTUDOR Nicolae, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaKOKUSHO Kyoko, IBM Tokyo, JapanLOMBARDI Mariarosaria, University of Foggia, ItalyMEHMANPAZIR Babak, EM Strasbourg University, FranceMIRON Dumitru, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaNABIRUKHINA Anna Vadimovna, Saint Petersburg State University, RussiaNICA Elvira, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaNIJKAMP Peter, Jeronimus Academy of Data Science Den Bosch, NetherlandsNOVO CORTI Maria Isabel, Universidade da Coruña, SpainORDÓÑEZ MONFORT Javier, Jaume I University, SpainPANETTA Roberto, Bocconi University, ItalyPARASCHIV Dorel Mihai, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPICATOSTE Xose, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, SpainPIROȘCÃ Grigore, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPOINT Sébastien, EM Strasbourg University, FrancePOPA Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPROFIROIU Marius Constantin, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaRICHMOND Peter, Trinity College Dublin, IrelandSÂRBU Roxana, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSINGER Slavica, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, CroatiaSMEUREANU Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTAMULE Tãnase, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTATE Radu, University of Luxembourg, LuxembourgSTOIAN Mirela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTRAT Vasile Alecsandru, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTREET Donna, University of Dayton, USATEIXEIRA DOMINGUES José Pedro, University of Minho, PortugalȚIGU Gabriela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaVALDEBENITO Carlos Ramirez, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, ChileVEGHEȘ Cãlin Petricã, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaVERHOEF Peter, University of Groningen, NetherlandsVOLKMANN Christine Katharina, Schumpeter School of Business and Economics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, GermanyWALTER FARKAS Erich, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandWIERENGA Berend, Rotterdam School of Management, NetherlandsWOODS Michael, University of Aberystwyth, Wales, UKZIMMERMANN Klaus F., Bonn University (em.) end Global Labor Organization, Germany Open Access Statement These conference proceedings are Open Access proceedings that allow a free unlimited access to all its contents without any restrictions upon publication to all users. Open Access License These conference proceedings provide immediate open access to its content under the Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0. Authors who publish with these proceedings retain all copyrights and agree to the terms of the above-mentioned CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. ABSTRACTING & INDEXING Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy is covered by the following services: Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) EBSCO Discovery Service Google Scholar Naviga (Softweco) Primo Central (ExLibris) ReadCube Summon (ProQuest) TDOne (TDNet) WorldCat (OCLC)

The edited volume Archives and the Cultural Heritage focuses on archives as institutions and to their tense relationship with archives as material. These dynamics are discussed in respect of the past, the present, and the future. The focus lies in the mechanisms the Finnish archive institutions have utilised when taking part in forming the cultural heritage and in debating the importance of the private archives in society. Within social sciences and history from the early 1990s onwards, the effects of globalisation have been seen as a new focal point for research. Momentarily, the archives saw the same paradigm shift as the focus of the archival studies proceeded from state to society. This brought forth the notion that the values of society are reflected in the acquisition of archival material. This archival turn draws attention to the archives as entities formed by cultural practices. The volume discusses cultural heritage within Finnish archives with diverse perspectives and from various time periods. The key concepts are cultural heritage and archives – both as institution and as material. Articles review the formation of archival collections spanning from the 19th to the 21st century and highlight that the archives have never been neutral or objective actors; rather, they have always been an active process of remembering and forgetting, a matter of inclusion and exclusion. The focus is on private archives and on the choices that guided the creation of the archives and the cultural perceptions and power structures associated with them. Although private archives have considerable social and research value, and although their material complements the picture of society provided by documentary data produced by public administrations, they have only risen to the theoretical discussions in the 21st century. The authors consider what has happened before the material ends up in the archive, what happens in the archive and what can be deduced from this. It shows how archival solutions manifest themselves, how they have influenced research and how they still affect it. One of the key questions is whose past has been preserved and whose is deemed worthy of preservation. Under what conditions have the permanently preserved documents been selected and how can they be accessed? In addition, the volume pays attention to whose documents have been ignored or forgotten, as well as to the networks and power of the individuals within the archival institution and to the politics of memory. The Archives and the Cultural Heritage is an opening to a discussion on the mechanisms, practices and goals of Finnish archival activities. It challenges archival organisations to reflect on their own operating models and to make visible their own conscious or unconscious choices. It raises awareness of the formation of the Finnish documentary cultural heritage, produces new information about private archives and participates in the scientific debate on the changing significance of archives in society. The volume is related to the Academy of Finland research project "Making and Interpreting National Pasts – Role of Finnish Archives as Networks of Power and Sites of Memory" (no 25257, 2011–2014/2019), University of Turku. Project partners Finnish Literature Society (SKS) and Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (SLS).

What helps households with children in leaving poverty? Evidence from Spain / Olga Cant(c)Øo, Coral del R(c)Øio, Carlos Grad(c)Øin -- Income inequality in the EU15 and member countries / Angela Troti(c)Þno Cobas -- The evolution of economic inequality in the EU countries during the nineties : a new methodological approach / Juana Dom(c)Øinguez-Dom(c)Øinguez, Jos(c)Øe Javier N(c)Øu(c)Þnez-Vel(c)Øazquez -- Welfare, inequality and poverty rankings in the European Union using an inference-based stochastic dominance approach / Ismael Ahamdanech Zarco, Carmelo Garc(c)Øia P(c)Øerez -- Poverty among the elderly : an assessment of the Italian social policies / Daniela Monacelli -- Comparing multidimensional indices of inequality : methods and application / Mar(c)Øia Ana Lugo -- Decomposing income inequality by population subgroups : a generalization / Joseph Deutsch, Jacques Silber -- Restricted inequality and relative poverty / Jean-Yves Duclos, Paul Makdissi -- Poverty-efficient programme reforms with heterogeneous agents : the role of targeting and allocation rules / Rocio Garcia-Diaz -- Poverty-reducing commodity tax reforms / Alessandro Santoro -- Preferences towards redistribution and equality : how important is social capital? / Mar(c)Øia A. Garc(c)Øia-Vali(c)Þnas, Roberto Fern(c)Øandez Llera, Benno Torgler -- Does taxation affect intrahousehold Distribution? A simulation approach / Olivier Bargain, Nicolas Moreau -- Social welfare and individual preferences under uncertainty : a questionnaire-experimental approach / Yoram Amiel, Frank Cowell -- The effects of race, income, mobility and political beliefs on support for redistribution / Steven R. Beckman, Buhong Zheng -- Spanish economic inequality and gender : a parametric Lorenz dominance approach / Mercedes Prieto-Alaiz -- Social exclusion mobility in Spain, 1994-2001 / Ambra Poggi -- Latent vs. Fuzzy methodology in multidimensional poverty analysis / Jes(c)Øus P(c)Øerez-Mayo -- Introduction / John A. Bishop, Yoram Amiel. - This volume is a collection of papers presented at the first meeting of the Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ). The Societys aims are to provide an international forum for all researchers interested in the study of economic inequality and related fields, bringing together the diversity of perspectives. The conference was held in Palma de Mallorca, Spain in July 2005. Over eighty parallel sessions were offered, providing novel and interesting work from both mature scholars and as well as new PhDs. With so much quality work from which to choose, it was necessary to limit the scope of Research on Economic Inequality, Volume 14.The first five papers all employ Spanish data and cover topics such as child poverty, social preferences toward redistribution, social exclusion, and multidimensional poverty. The next three papers examine inequality in the EU using alternative methodologies. Chapter Nine explores poverty dynamics among the elderly in Italy. Chapter Ten presents and extends the state of the art in multidimensional inequality measurement. Chapters Eleven and Twelve contribute to the theoretical underpinnings of inequality measurement. Chapters Thirteen through Fifteen contain analytical papers focused on evaluating the effects of public policy on poverty and inequality. The final two chapters use the questionnaire-experimental approach to examine individuals distributional preferences.This book is part of the Research on Economic Inequality series. It presents papers form the inaugural meeting of the Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ). It provides an international forum for all researchers interested in the study of economic inequality and related fields. It brings together a diversity of perspectives

The submitted manuscript for Vol. I. comprises the learned correspondence of the Benedictine historians Bernhard and Hieronymus Pez of Melk abbey from the years 1709 to 1715. The edition and commentary were prepared between 2004 and 2008 within FWF project P-16940 under the direction of Prof. Winfried Stelzer by Thomas Wallnig and Thomas Stockinger at the Institute for Austrian Historical Research, Vienna. The submission of the work for publication is being filed concurrently with the final report on the project to the FWF. The significance of the Pez letters, of which the submitted volume will make roughly one quarter available to the public for the first time, is twofold. On the one hand, the European scope of the correspondence leads to a re-evaluation of the position of Austria and southern Germany within European intellectual history of the early 18th century and within the erudite practice and culture of communication in the Republic of Letters. On the other hand, the prosopographical orientation of the brothers' project (a collection of bio-bibliographical data on Benedictine authors of the 16th to 18th century) provides the beginnings of an inventory and topography of a nearly undiscovered intellectual landscape.
The volume contains: an introduction sketching the various monastic and erudite contexts of the correspondence, presenting learned letters as a literary genre, and setting out the principles of the edition; the edition itself, which gives 261 extant letters in the original Latin with critical notes, German summaries and commentary, and which also registers 211 lost letters; an appendix with biographical information on the 82 correspondents and four tables (letters by correspondents, letters in chronological order, items enclosed with the letters, mentioned letters between third persons); sources and bibliography; finally a cumulative bio-bibliographical index.
Publication is envisioned within the series "Quelleneditionen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung" (Böhlau publishing house) as the first of four planned volumes of the correspondence. The publication is primarily aimed at researchers in Austrian history, intellectual history and history of education, and ecclesiastical history, but is also potentially of interest to the disciplines of art history, history of publishing, and also to medievalists in view of the numerous mentions of the location and usage of manuscripts.
Volume 2: https://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:824 and https://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:825 - Der eingereichte Band beinhaltet die gelehrte Korrespondenz der Melker Geschichtsforscher Bernhard und Hieronymus Pez OSB aus den Jahren 1709 bis 1715. Die kommentierte Edition wurde im Rahmen eines FWF-Projekts (P-16940) in den Jahren 2004 bis 2008 unter der Leitung von Prof. Winfried Stelzer am Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung von Thomas Wallnig und Thomas Stockinger erarbeitet. Dieser Antrag um Druckförderung ergeht parallel zum Endbericht dieses Projekts an den FWF.
Die Bedeutung der Pez-Korrespondenz, von der mit dem vorliegenden Band rund ein Viertel erstmals der wissenschaftlichen Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht wird, liegt in zwei Bereichen. Zum einen erlaubt die europäische Dimension des Briefwechsels eine grundlegende Neuverortung Österreichs und Süddeutschlands innerhalb der europäischen Geistesgeschichte des frühen 18. Jahrhunderts sowie im Rahmen der gelehrten Praxis und Kommunikationskultur der Res publica literaria. Zum anderen ermöglicht die prosopographische Ausrichtung der Korrespondenz - sie zielt auf die Sammlung bio-bibliographischer Daten zu gelehrten Benediktinern des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts ab - einen ersten wissenschaftlichen Zugang zu diesem nahezu unbekannten intellektuellen Kulturraum.
Der Band gliedert sich in folgende Teile: die Einleitung, in der an die verschiedenen monastischen und gelehrten Kontexte der Korrespondenz herangeführt wird, die weiters die Gelehrtenkorrespondenz als Quellengattung in den Blick nimmt und die Editionsgrundsätze darlegt; den Hauptteil, der die 261 erhaltenen Briefe im lateinischen Original mit kritischem Apparat, deutschen Regesten und Sachkommentaren enthält, dabei zudem Hinweise auf 211 erschlossene Stücke; einen Anhang mit bio-bibliographischen Notizen zu den 82 Pez-Korrespondenten sowie vier Tabellen (Briefe nach Autoren, Briefe chronologisch gereiht, Briefbeilagen, in der Korrespondenz erwähnte Briefe von und an Dritte); schließlich das Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis sowie ein kumulatives Register.
Der Band erscheint in der Reihe "Quelleneditionen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung" bei Böhlau als erster von voraussichtlich vier Bänden der Pez-Korrespondenz. Die Edition richtet sich an Forschende aus den Bereichen Österreichische Geschichte, Gelehrsamkeits- und Kirchengeschichte, im weiteren Feld aber auch an Vertreter der Fächer Buchgeschichte, Kunst- und Literaturgeschichte sowie an Mediävisten, die an der Rezeptionsgeschichte mittelalterlicher Texte in der Frühen Neuzeit interessiert sind und aus Hinweisen zur Überlieferung einzelner Handschriften Nutzen ziehen können.
Band 2: https://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:824 und https://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:825

This book describes the methodologies and tools used to conduct social cyber forensic analysis. By applying these methodologies and tools on various events observed in the case studies contained within, their effectiveness is highlighted. They blend computational social network analysis and cyber forensic concepts and tools in order to identify and study information competitors. Through cyber forensic analysis, metadata associated with propaganda-riddled websites are extracted. This metadata assists in extracting social network information such as friends and followers along with communication network information such as networks depicting flows of information among the actors such as tweets, replies, retweets, mentions, and hyperlinks. Through computational social network analysis, the authors identify influential actors and powerful groups coordinating the disinformation campaign. A blended social cyber forensic approach allows them to study cross-media affiliations of the information competitors. For instance, narratives are framed on blogs and YouTube videos, and then Twitter and Reddit, for instance, will be used to disseminate the message. Social cyber forensic methodologies enable researchers to study the role of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the evolution of information campaign and coordination. In addition to the concepts and methodologies pertaining to social cyber forensics, this book also offers a collection of resources for readers including several datasets that were collected during case studies, up-to-date reference and literature surveys in the domain, and a suite of tools that students, researchers, and practitioners alike can utilize. Most importantly, the book demands a dialogue between information science researchers, public affairs officers, and policy makers to prepare our society to deal with the lawless 'wild west' of modern social information systems triggering debates and studies on cyber diplomacy. Samer Al-khateeb is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Journalism, Media and Computing, College of Arts and Sciences, at Creighton University and a former Postdoctorate Research Fellow at the Collaboratorium for Social Media and Online Behavioral Studies (COSMOS) at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UA-Little Rock). He obtained his Ph.D. in Computer and Information Sciences, a master's degree in Applied Science, and a bachelor's degree in Computer Science form UA-Little Rock. He studies deviant acts (e.g., deviant cyber flash mobs and cyber propaganda campaigns) on social media that are conducted by deviant groups (e.g., Daesh, Black-hat hackers, and Propagandist) which aim to influence individual's behaviors and provoke hysteria among citizens. He also studies the type of actors these deviant groups use to perform their acts, i.e., are they human (e.g., Internet trolls) or automated actors (e.g., social bots) by leveraging social science theories (e.g., the theory of collective action), social network analysis (e.g., centralities and community detection algorithms), and social cyber forensics (e.g., metadata collection to uncover the hidden relations among these actors across platforms). He has many publications including book chapters, journal papers (e.g., Journal of Defence Strategic Communications; Journal of Digital Forensics, Security, and Law; Journal of Baltic Security; and the IARIA International Journal on Advances in Internet Technology), conferences proceedings, and conferences presentations. He won various awards such as the Staff Achievement Award for Educational Achievements, Excellence in Research Award, Outstanding Graduating Student Award (Master's Level), Who's Who Among Students in American Universities and Colleges, the Best Paper Award, 2nd Place Most Innovative Award, and 2nd Place Societal Impact Award, among others. Dr. Nitin Agarwal is the Jerry L. Maulden-Entergy Endowed Chair and Distinguished Professor of Information Science at University of Arkansas at Little Rock. He is the founding director of the Collaboratorium for Social Media and Online Behavioral Studies (COSMOS) at UA Little Rock. His research aims to push the boundaries of our understanding of cyber social behaviors that emerge and evolve constantly in the modern information and communication platforms with applications in defense and security, health, business and marketing, finance, and education. At COSMOS, he is leading projects funded by over $10 million from an array of federal agencies including U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Naval Research, Army Research Office, Air Force Research Lab, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Department of State, and plays a significant role in the long-term partnership between UA Little Rock and the Department of Homeland Security. He developed publicly available social media mining tools, viz., Blogtrackers, YouTubeTracker, and Focal Structure Analysis used by NATO Strategic Communications and public affairs, among others. Dr. Agarwal participates in the national Tech Innovation Hub launched by the U.S. Department of State to defeat foreign based propaganda. Dr. Agarwal's research contributions lie at the intersection of social computing, behavior-cultural modeling, collective action, social-cyber forensics, AI, data mining, and machine learning. From Saudi Arabian women's right to drive cyber campaigns to Autism awareness campaigns to ISIS' and anti-West/anti-NATO disinformation campaigns, at COSMOS, he is directing several projects that have made foundational and applicational contributions to social and computational sciences. He has published 8 books and over 150 articles in top-tier peer-reviewed forums with several best paper awards and nominations. Dr. Agarwal obtained Ph.D. from Arizona State University with outstanding dissertation recognition in 2009. He was recognized as one of 'The New Influentials: 20 In Their 20s' by Arkansas Business in 2012. He was recognized with the University-wide Faculty Excellence Award in Research and Creative Endeavors by UALR in 2015. Dr. Agarwal received the Social Media Educator of the Year Award at the 21st International Education and Technology Conference in 2015. In 2017 the Arkansas Times featured Dr. Agarwal in their special issue on 'Visionary Arkansans: A Celebration of Arkansans with ideas and achievements of transformative power.' Dr. Agarwal was nominated as International Academy, Research and Industry Association (IARIA) Fellow in 2017, Arkansas Academy of Computing (AAoC) Fellow in 2018, and Arkansas Research Alliance (ARA) Fellow in 2018.

In many low and middle income countries, dismal failures in the quality of public service delivery such as absenteeism among teachers and doctors and leakages of public funds have driven the agenda for better governance and accountability. This has raised interest in the idea that citizens can contribute to improved quality of service delivery by holding policy-makers and providers of services accountable. This proposition is particularly resonant when it comes to the human development sectors - health, education and social protection - which involve close interactions between providers and ci