Suchergebnisse

Analysis of the pre-1989 situation; Redefinition of the discipline since 1990; Core theoretical and methodological orientations; Thematic orientation and funding; Public space and academic debates; Views on further development.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to diagnose and evaluate local spatial policy in Poland regarding the development of industrial activities. Design/Methodology/Approach: Legal and economic instruments currently used in local governments at their lowest level (commune) have been analyzed. The study used methods typical of social sciences, i.e., methods of empirical cognition, descriptive analysis, and deductive and inductive reasoning. In addition, the legal and dogmatic method was used in legal regulations analysis. The key tools of spatial policy were also analyzed: studies of spatial development conditions and directions as well as local spatial development plans in communes covered in the industrial use to the highest degree in these plans. Findings: Analysis of the instruments used by communes in Poland as part of industrial policy shows that they are not always adequate and keep up with the growing needs associated with strong changes in the organization of industry. Industrial policy at the local level in Poland is a relatively new phenomenon. Therefore, there is a lack of experience that would allow developing long-term legal and economic solutions. This would give communes the basis to develop stable plans and take action to develop Industry 4.0. The state should implement a program to help communes related to stimulation of desirable, i.e. modern industries. Practical Implications: Results of the analyses carried out should serve as the basis for verifying the legal regulations and economic instruments used by communes regarding industrial policy. Appropriate suggestions have been made in this regard. Originality/Value: This is the first comprehensive study for Poland, and its value is because this country before 1989 developed in the conditions of a centrally controlled economy and socialist, accelerated industrialization. After 1989, industrial policy was considered a "communist survival" with great disadvantage to the development of the country. It has only been in recent years in public debate and top-level government documents that this issue has been restored to its due rank. ; peer-reviewed

Purpose – The objective of the article is to identify the factors affecting the use of R&D tax preferences in Poland. Research method – Qualitative and quantitative analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and inference by analogy. The study involved a group of 350 enterprises from the Lower Silesia Province in the high and medium-high technology sector and used the CATI survey methodology. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis, including correlation and significance analysis. Results – The study investigates the reasons for not using tax preferences, the barriers to their use, and proposals of respondents (companies surveyed) regarding changes to the tax preferences. The main factors identified include appropriate organisation of R&D in the enterprise, cooperation with research entities, and knowledge of fiscal instruments supporting the development of R&D. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Tax preferences (R&D tax relief and IP Box) are not used on a large scale and entrepreneurs say they have difficulty with using them. This study confirms that there are certain factors affecting the implementation of R&D and the use of tax preferences. So far, no attempt has been made to link the reasons for not using tax preferences, the barriers to their use, and the entrepreneurs' proposals for changes so as to clearly identify the key factors affecting the use of effective legal solutions.

The paper provides an account of the history of aviation industry in Poland in the communist era (1944-1989). The author analyses development barriers the sector coped with during the period in which the endeavours in the field ended both with success or in failure. The development barriers for the Polish aviation at the time had predominantly political provenance, and stemmed not only from the country's dependence on the USSR, but also from the national-level party bureaucracy. Aside from the literature on the subject, the article heavily relies on tdata from personal sources of information and recollected by the author. (original abstract)

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify the strategic goals of the implemented cluster policy in the EU and in Poland, using the example of a selected region, the Silesian Voivodeship. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using the data obtained from national documents on cluster policy, a comparative analysis was used for the research. Based on the conducted literature research, the following thesis was formulated: Cluster policy contributes to increasing the competitiveness of regions by stimulating cooperation in defining strategic development goals and cooperation in achieving these goals. Findings: The first part of the work presents the theoretical foundations of cluster policy, in particular its essence, definitions and division. Attention was also focused on the identification of documents relating to cluster policy in Poland. In the research part, the authors conducted a comparative analysis of selected documents concerning European and Polish cluster policy. Practical Implications: Formulating a cluster policy at the national and regional level that takes into account increasing the competitiveness of the region. Originality/value: In theoretical aspect, the paper organizes the current state of knowledge in the field of Polish cluster policy, in particular taking into account the Silesian Voivodeship. The presented research aspect is a source of knowledge about the competitiveness of the studied region, taking into account the applicable cluster policy. In the research part, the authors argue that it is important to properly adjust the cluster policy to a given region in order to increase the level of productivity, but above all the competitiveness of the entire economy. ; peer-reviewed