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In France, the digital switch-over for television proceeded in a relatively timely and uncontested fashion, with appropriate support for disadvantaged households and an effective public awareness campaign. Digital licensing has also been generally perceived as transparent and fair. Media policy and regulation have also proved largely responsive and adequate to the challenges of digitization.However, the new government faces a plethora of loose ends in digital media policy. It remains to be seen whether public subsidies aimed at regenerating good-quality journalism in both print and online sectors have been effective; there is a significant shortfall in the funding of public service media as a result of their reduced advertising quotas, and the European Commission's rejection of a planned levy on telecoms; political support for traditional media in their plight against online giants such as Google may backfire if the latter carries out its threat to exclude their content; and public trust in the media is unlikely to be restored so long as entrenched links between political and media elites are maintained.

This paper tries to provide a brief analysis of the history of changing media space and the evolution of digital culture, with a special focus on the comparative analysis of pros and cons. It highlights the power of new media and that how it helps institutions, government apparatus and the scientific communities, for example, universities in making a participatory environment among citizens and in the dissemination of knowledge and scientific thoughts in a best possible way. In addition, it also provides opportunities to learn with peers without geographical boundaries famously known as: Peer-to-peer learning and helps to develop new skills required in the modern age. But at the same time there are some concerns that need for policy and pedagogical interventions like participatory gap, Transparency and ethical challenges. This is the problem statement of this paper. الملخص:سيحاول هذا المقال أن يقدم تحليلا وجيزا في مساحة وسائل الإعلام المتغيرة عبر التاريخ وتطور الثقافية الرقمية مع التركيز على الدراسة المقارنة في الجانب الإيجابي والسلبي ويلقي الضوء على قوة وسائل الإعلام الجديدة وعلي أنه كيف يساعد الهيئات والمؤسسات الحكومية والدوائر العلمية مثلا الجامعات في جعل بيئة تشاركية فيما بين السكان في نشر العلوم والمعرفة بصورة أحسن وبأسرع وقت ممكن وفي توفير الفرص للتعلم مع الأقران بلا حدود الجغرافية ما يقال: Peer-to-peer learning وتنمية المهارات الحديثة المطلوبة في عصر الحديث. ولكن في وقت نفسه هناك بعض الاهتمامات تحتاج التدخلات السياسية والتربوية مثلا تعبية الفجوة التشاركية، الشفافية، والتحديات الخلقية. وهذه هي إشكالية هذا المقال.

Initiated for several decades, the development of the digital technology mark by its deep stamp the minds and the body of our contemporary society. More than a simple social phenomenon, it seems to be generaly agreed that we assist today at a true « anthropological mutation ». Nevertheless, while the analyses of the links between technology and society have been characterized for a long time by some deterministic prospects, we propose to explore in this thesis the dynamic relations which make that a technic is eminently social, and that a society is intrinsically technic. Adhering to a comprehensive approach, this research seeks to highlight the significations and the meaning systems related to the use of digital media tools, at a macro-social and a micro-social scale, to explain causally the importance we ascribed to this specific category of objects. The dynamics at work, both at an individual or collective level, are examinated in a socio-logical way, alternately with an historical, philosophical, economical, political, or socio-cultural point of view. As artefacts-symbols of our present day societies – total social object –, the digital media are the tools upon which we organize the contemporaneity of our relationship with the world : we regard them as a sociological prism from which it possible to grasp the connected society. ; Initié depuis plusieurs décennies, le développement des techniques numériques marque de son empreinte profonde les esprits et les corps de nos sociétés contemporaines. Plus qu'un simple fait de société, il semble admis que nous assistons aujourd'hui à une véritable « mutation anthropologique ». Cependant, alors que les analyses des liens entre technique et société ont longtemps été marquées par des perspectives déterministes, nous proposons d'explorer dans cette thèse les relations dynamiques étroites qui font qu'une technique est éminemment sociale, et qu'une société est intrinsèquement technique. En adoptant un regard résolument compréhensif, cette recherche entend mettre en ...

Initiated for several decades, the development of the digital technology mark by its deep stamp the minds and the body of our contemporary society. More than a simple social phenomenon, it seems to be generaly agreed that we assist today at a true « anthropological mutation ». Nevertheless, while the analyses of the links between technology and society have been characterized for a long time by some deterministic prospects, we propose to explore in this thesis the dynamic relations which make that a technic is eminently social, and that a society is intrinsically technic. Adhering to a comprehensive approach, this research seeks to highlight the significations and the meaning systems related to the use of digital media tools, at a macro-social and a micro-social scale, to explain causally the importance we ascribed to this specific category of objects. The dynamics at work, both at an individual or collective level, are examinated in a socio-logical way, alternately with an historical, philosophical, economical, political, or socio-cultural point of view. As artefacts-symbols of our present day societies – total social object –, the digital media are the tools upon which we organize the contemporaneity of our relationship with the world : we regard them as a sociological prism from which it possible to grasp the connected society. ; Initié depuis plusieurs décennies, le développement des techniques numériques marque de son empreinte profonde les esprits et les corps de nos sociétés contemporaines. Plus qu'un simple fait de société, il semble admis que nous assistons aujourd'hui à une véritable « mutation anthropologique ». Cependant, alors que les analyses des liens entre technique et société ont longtemps été marquées par des perspectives déterministes, nous proposons d'explorer dans cette thèse les relations dynamiques étroites qui font qu'une technique est éminemment sociale, et qu'une société est intrinsèquement technique. En adoptant un regard résolument compréhensif, cette recherche entend mettre en ...

Initiated for several decades, the development of the digital technology mark by its deep stamp the minds and the body of our contemporary society. More than a simple social phenomenon, it seems to be generaly agreed that we assist today at a true « anthropological mutation ». Nevertheless, while the analyses of the links between technology and society have been characterized for a long time by some deterministic prospects, we propose to explore in this thesis the dynamic relations which make that a technic is eminently social, and that a society is intrinsically technic. Adhering to a comprehensive approach, this research seeks to highlight the significations and the meaning systems related to the use of digital media tools, at a macro-social and a micro-social scale, to explain causally the importance we ascribed to this specific category of objects. The dynamics at work, both at an individual or collective level, are examinated in a socio-logical way, alternately with an historical, philosophical, economical, political, or socio-cultural point of view. As artefacts-symbols of our present day societies – total social object –, the digital media are the tools upon which we organize the contemporaneity of our relationship with the world : we regard them as a sociological prism from which it possible to grasp the connected society. ; Initié depuis plusieurs décennies, le développement des techniques numériques marque de son empreinte profonde les esprits et les corps de nos sociétés contemporaines. Plus qu'un simple fait de société, il semble admis que nous assistons aujourd'hui à une véritable « mutation anthropologique ». Cependant, alors que les analyses des liens entre technique et société ont longtemps été marquées par des perspectives déterministes, nous proposons d'explorer dans cette thèse les relations dynamiques étroites qui font qu'une technique est éminemment sociale, et qu'une société est intrinsèquement technique. En adoptant un regard résolument compréhensif, cette recherche entend mettre en ...

Parragirls Past, Present (2017) is an immersive 3D film created during the final two years of the Australian government Royal Commission into institutional responses to child sexual abuse (Australia, Royal Commission n.d.). All five women involved in the project's creation participated in this inquiry (Case study 07 2014) either via direct testimony or through their concomitant and ongoing involvement in individual compensation cases against the New South Wales state welfare agency. This digital media artwork was intended to provide an alternative arena for collective memory, selfhood and agency against the distressingly explicit yet isolating individualisation and disaffection these women experienced when providing personal testimony of childhood sexual abuse for the purposes of public justice in the Royal Commission. The work both challenges and complements the way judicial testimony is mobilised in this case.In this presentation, Lily Hibberd (artist and co-creator of the piece) reflects on the emergence of alternate identities through which victims position themselves in ambiguous relation to subjecthood, testimony and truth. She explores why victims might opt for a reconstruction of the self and analyse where the 'I' is situated in this immersive digital artwork. Naomi Toth (critic) engages with the same questions from the point of view of the audience, seeking to understand how the work orients reception through its creation of a highly individualised experience which nonetheless clearly contributes to the construction of a community. Particular attention will be paid to the political implications of catharsis provoked by such a work which may be situated on the border between the document and the aesthetic object. The joint presentation will also consider the possibilities offered by novel immersive technologies to create dissonant and contested figurations of the self in trauma testimony.

Many domains have an interest in studying the stances expressed online, whether for marketing, cybersecurity or research with the rise of the digital humanities. In this manuscript, we propose two contributions to the field of stance detection, focusing on the difficulty of obtaining quality annotated data on social media. Our first contribution is a large and complex dataset of 22,853 active Twitter profiles during the 2017 French presidential campaign. This is one of the few datasets considering more than two stances and, to our knowledge, the first with a large number of profiles and the first proposing overlapping political communities. This dataset can be used as-is to study campaign mechanisms on Twitter or to evaluate stance detection models or network analysis tools. We then propose two semi-supervised generic stance detection models, using a handful of seed profiles, for which we know the stance, in order to categorize the rest of the profiles by exploiting different inter-profile proximities. Indeed, the current models are generally based on the specificities of certain social platforms, which does not allow the integration of the multitude of available signals. By building proximities from different types of elements available on social media, we can detect profiles close enough to assume that they share a similar stance on a given subject, regardless of the platform. Our first model is a sequential model propagating the stances thanks to a multilayer graph representing the proximities between the profiles. Using datasets from two platforms, we show that by combining several types of proximity, we can correctly label 98% of the profiles. Our second model allows us to observe the evolution of the profiles' stances during an event, with only one profile-seed per point of view. This model confirms that the vast majority of profiles do not change positions on social media, or do not express their change of opinion. ; De nombreux domaines ont intérêt à étudier les points de vue exprimés en ligne, que ce ...

Many domains have an interest in studying the stances expressed online, whether for marketing, cybersecurity or research with the rise of the digital humanities. In this manuscript, we propose two contributions to the field of stance detection, focusing on the difficulty of obtaining quality annotated data on social media. Our first contribution is a large and complex dataset of 22,853 active Twitter profiles during the 2017 French presidential campaign. This is one of the few datasets considering more than two stances and, to our knowledge, the first with a large number of profiles and the first proposing overlapping political communities. This dataset can be used as-is to study campaign mechanisms on Twitter or to evaluate stance detection models or network analysis tools. We then propose two semi-supervised generic stance detection models, using a handful of seed profiles, for which we know the stance, in order to categorize the rest of the profiles by exploiting different inter-profile proximities. Indeed, the current models are generally based on the specificities of certain social platforms, which does not allow the integration of the multitude of available signals. By building proximities from different types of elements available on social media, we can detect profiles close enough to assume that they share a similar stance on a given subject, regardless of the platform. Our first model is a sequential model propagating the stances thanks to a multilayer graph representing the proximities between the profiles. Using datasets from two platforms, we show that by combining several types of proximity, we can correctly label 98% of the profiles. Our second model allows us to observe the evolution of the profiles' stances during an event, with only one profile-seed per point of view. This model confirms that the vast majority of profiles do not change positions on social media, or do not express their change of opinion. ; De nombreux domaines ont intérêt à étudier les points de vue exprimés en ligne, que ce ...

Many domains have an interest in studying the stances expressed online, whether for marketing, cybersecurity or research with the rise of the digital humanities. In this manuscript, we propose two contributions to the field of stance detection, focusing on the difficulty of obtaining quality annotated data on social media. Our first contribution is a large and complex dataset of 22,853 active Twitter profiles during the 2017 French presidential campaign. This is one of the few datasets considering more than two stances and, to our knowledge, the first with a large number of profiles and the first proposing overlapping political communities. This dataset can be used as-is to study campaign mechanisms on Twitter or to evaluate stance detection models or network analysis tools. We then propose two semi-supervised generic stance detection models, using a handful of seed profiles, for which we know the stance, in order to categorize the rest of the profiles by exploiting different inter-profile proximities. Indeed, the current models are generally based on the specificities of certain social platforms, which does not allow the integration of the multitude of available signals. By building proximities from different types of elements available on social media, we can detect profiles close enough to assume that they share a similar stance on a given subject, regardless of the platform. Our first model is a sequential model propagating the stances thanks to a multilayer graph representing the proximities between the profiles. Using datasets from two platforms, we show that by combining several types of proximity, we can correctly label 98% of the profiles. Our second model allows us to observe the evolution of the profiles' stances during an event, with only one profile-seed per point of view. This model confirms that the vast majority of profiles do not change positions on social media, or do not express their change of opinion. ; De nombreux domaines ont intérêt à étudier les points de vue exprimés en ligne, que ce ...

Many domains have an interest in studying the stances expressed online, whether for marketing, cybersecurity or research with the rise of the digital humanities. In this manuscript, we propose two contributions to the field of stance detection, focusing on the difficulty of obtaining quality annotated data on social media. Our first contribution is a large and complex dataset of 22,853 active Twitter profiles during the 2017 French presidential campaign. This is one of the few datasets considering more than two stances and, to our knowledge, the first with a large number of profiles and the first proposing overlapping political communities. This dataset can be used as-is to study campaign mechanisms on Twitter or to evaluate stance detection models or network analysis tools. We then propose two semi-supervised generic stance detection models, using a handful of seed profiles, for which we know the stance, in order to categorize the rest of the profiles by exploiting different inter-profile proximities. Indeed, the current models are generally based on the specificities of certain social platforms, which does not allow the integration of the multitude of available signals. By building proximities from different types of elements available on social media, we can detect profiles close enough to assume that they share a similar stance on a given subject, regardless of the platform. Our first model is a sequential model propagating the stances thanks to a multilayer graph representing the proximities between the profiles. Using datasets from two platforms, we show that by combining several types of proximity, we can correctly label 98% of the profiles. Our second model allows us to observe the evolution of the profiles' stances during an event, with only one profile-seed per point of view. This model confirms that the vast majority of profiles do not change positions on social media, or do not express their change of opinion. ; De nombreux domaines ont intérêt à étudier les points de vue exprimés en ligne, que ce ...

This doctoral thesis examines mediations in the exchange of knowledge regarding media education from the perspective of information and communication sciences. Media pedagogy has existed since the beginning of the century and the emergence of mass media. First developed by activist educators, they were progressively introduced to the school system in France and Germany, before being accepted as an official field in the 1980s. The legitimacy of media education grew until its inclusion in the curricula at the beginning of the 2000s, when digital media use became more and more widespread. What are the values and knowledge to be transmitted in this context? What are the educational and political implications and prominent issues of media education? This study deals with the formal education system. After exploring the process of institutionalization of media education in both countries, we deploy a critical comparative analysis of official documents (legal documents, school curricula and brochures produced by media education centres) in order to identify their epistemological and pedagogical framings and definitions. Thus we explore the key concepts of literacy, digital culture (culture numérique) and media competence (Medienkompetenz) and question the perimeter of media education and digital skills. Interviews with members of the education and training sector and with teenagers in school contexts finally enable us to identify how knowledge about media is transmitted, as well as the educational and political implications of this process. ; Cette thèse étudie les enjeux communicationnels de la médiation des savoirs en éducation aux médias (EAM) dans une perspective franco-allemande. D'abord le fait de pédagogues militants, les pratiques pédagogiques liées aux médias sont peu à peu intégrées à l'institution scolaire dans le contexte français comme allemand, puis reconnues comme un domaine officiel dans les années 1980. Celui-ci gagne progressivement en légitimité jusqu'à être inclus dans les programmes au début des ...