Participation in employment, education and social life is a critical challenge for people with disabilities. In order to identify the difficulties that disabled people face throughout the day, it is necessary to understand their characteristics and problems realistically. In this study, the obstacles experienced by disabled passengers who prefer bus transportation to meet their transportation needs, especially in physically accessing the transportation system and obtaining information, were examined and focused on how these obstacles took shape during the pandemic period. In the study, within the framework of a semi-structured survey, 43 disabled passengers were asked to describe the entire process of bus services, from the stage of obtaining information about the journey to reaching the final destination. It was focused on what kind of additional obstacles were created to the experiences and difficulties experienced by disabled passengers during the pandemic precaution measures implemented in Istanbul. It has been determined that the pandemic period and subsequent measures have revealed many additional obstacles, such as psychological distress, for disabled passengers, and that the society should be made aware of the unique characteristics of disabled people (for example, disability is not just a physical issue) and other concerns. One of the results of the study is that service providers and decision makers should consider a more detailed approach depending on the type of disability in the decision-making process.
As a result of the long-term restrictions due to the Covid 19 epidemic, face-to-face education has been switched to distance education. In distance education, some differences have been made in the course contents, teaching materials, and measurement and evaluation processes, and the process has been tried to be appropriately managed. However, it was found that most of these studies did not include students with special education needs, such as the deaf and hard of hearing. This research aims to examine teachers' opinions about teaching mathematics to deaf and hard-of-hearing students in the distance education period. The study was designed according to the case study, one of the qualitative research methods. The study group consisted of 17 teachers working in Turkey and Romania. Data were collected through semi-structured interview forms from teachers selected by the criterion sampling method and were subjected to content analysis. In the data obtained from the analysis, distance education tools are seen as a necessity of the age rather than a necessity. Nonetheless, some infrastructure deficiencies, digital materials increase motivation, and distance measurement and evaluation applications cause stress in students. In light of the findings, it is recommended to plan the Mathematics lessons according to the disability groups of the students and prepare the course materials with sign language and subtitles in a way that is suitable for the hearing impaired.
YÖK Tez No: 711186 ; Gerek uluslararası kuruluşların gerekse ulusal hükümetlerin sosyal dışlamayı engelleme ve ayrımcılıkla mücadele noktasında son derece geniş sorumluluk alanları bulunmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda devletler, engellilerin toplumsal hayata ve istihdama katılmalarının önündeki engellerin kaldırılması, hak temelli yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde anayasal ve yasal düzenlemelerle güvence altına alınmaları anlamında başat aktörlerdir. Belirtmek gerekir ki engelli istihdamının istenilen düzeye ulaştırılmasından ve engellilerin kendilerini ifade edebilecekleri, refah seviyelerini yükseltebilecekleri çalışma standartlarının geliştirilmesinden merkezi hükümetler kadar sivil toplum kuruluşları (STK), yerel yönetimler ile birlikte işverenler de sorumludur. Dolayısıyla toplumun bir parçası olan engellilerin yaşadıkları sorunların toplumun bir parçası olarak tüm tarafların sorunu olduğunu belirtmek yanlış olmayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de engelli istihdam politikaları konusunda, sosyal politikanın da bir unsuru olarak İŞKUR'un sunduğu hizmetler yukarıda dile getirilen niyet temelinde incelenmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında öncelikle engelli istihdam politikalarına yönelik kavramsal çerçeveye yer verilmektedir. Çalışmada engelli istihdam politikalarının şekillenmesinde rol oynayan aktörler irdelenerek, uluslararası ve ulusal yasal düzenlemeler de ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca Türkiye'de engelli istihdam politikalarıyla ilgili kurumsal yapı ve uygulamalar Avrupa Birliği İlerleme Raporları gözüyle de incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, gerçekleştirilen literatür taramasının ve bilgi/belge/doküman incelemesinin yanında Karaman ilinde engelli istihdamına ilişkin detaylı bir durum analizinin ortaya konulabilmesi adına nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılarak engelli istihdamının en önemli aktörlerinden olan işverenlerle toplam 15 işyerinde mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Salgın dönemi içerisinde olunması nedeniyle tüm görüşmeler uzaktan, çevrimiçi veya telefon konuşmaları yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen temel bulgu engelli istihdam politikalarında İŞKUR'un etkin rol oynadığıdır. Bununla birlikte engellilere yönelik yürütülecek politikalarda kamu-özel sektör işbirliği ve sivil toplum kuruluşları ile olan etkileşim önem arz ettiğidir. ; Both international organizations and national governments have extremely wide areas of responsibility in preventing social exclusion and combating discrimination. In this direction, states are the leading actors in terms of removing the obstacles to the participation of the disabled in the society and employment, and securing them with constitutional and legal regulations within the framework of rights-based approaches. It should be noted that non-governmental organizations (NGOs), local administrations and employers are responsible for the development of working standards, where the disabled people can express themselves and increase their welfare level and for the employment of the disabled to reach the desired level as well as the central governments. Therefore, it would not be wrong to state that the problems experienced by the disabled, who are a part of the society, are the problems of all parties as a part of the society. In this study, the services provided by İŞKUR as an actor of social policy regarding the employment policies of the disabled in Turkey are examined on the basis of the above-mentioned intention. Within the scope of the study, first of all, the conceptual framework for disability employment policies is given. In the study, the actors that play a role in shaping the employment policies of the disabled are examined and international and national legal regulations are also discussed. In addition, the institutional structure and practices related to disability employment policies in Turkey are also examined through the perspective of the European Union Progress Reports. In the last part of the study, besides the literature review and information/document analysis, semi-structured in-depth interview technique, one of the qualitative research methods, were used. In this context, interviews were conducted with employers, one of the most important actors of the employment of the disabled, in a total of 15 workplaces. Due to the fact that we are in the epidemic period, all the interviews were online or telephone conversations. The findings obtained, the effective role of İŞKUR in the fields of employment is fundamental. It is the one that is more important than the interaction with public-private business and civil society, which will be used for people for joint use.
