Suchergebnisse

The paper explores bilateral ties between Turkey and the United States (US) following the end of World War II to the recent era of Trump-Erdogan. Due to its immense geostrategic significance and a strong military, throughout the Cold War period and also in the post-Cold War era, Tukey has mostly remained a key US ally. The methodology adopted for this study is based on both qualitative data available in the form of policy documents and existing literature about the subject as well as utilizing quantitative data comprising US economic and military aid and arms' sales to Turkey obtained from databases of United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) respectively. Like numerous developing countries in other parts of the world, Turkey also became one of the biggest recipients of US economic and military assistance and Washington also provided huge arms to Ankara during the Cold War years. The US has provided Turkey an aggregate of US$ 70 billion in civilian and military assistance and has delivered its arms worth US$ 34 billion. However, it has not been a smooth journey as their bilateral relationship experienced some upheavals not only during the Cold War period but ties have been strained by various thorny matters in recent years. These include Turkey's dispute with Greece on Cyprus, targeting Kurdish fighters in Syria, purchase of S-400 defense systems from Russia, and human rights violations at home. By examining these vital points of concern, the paper concludes that although both countries have historically maintained warm bilateral ties, several divergent issues have marred the relationship between the two countries in recent years.

Over the past 10 years, the de facto alliance of the governments of Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates has exercised significant influence over developments in the Middle East. The common goal has been to prevent democratic transformation, stop the rise of political Islam and counter the influence of Iran and Turkey over the region. But joint regional political interventions have so far had little success. Moreover, divergences of interest in bilateral relations between these authoritarian Arab states have come to light in recent months. The potential for conflict has become evident with regard to both economic and regional political issues and is only likely to increase in the future. For Germany and the European Union, these divergences of interest between the three countries offer an opportunity to pursue their own goals in the region. (author's abstract)

In den vergangenen 10 Jahren haben die drei verbündeten Regierungen Ägyptens, Saudi-Arabiens und der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate (VAE) erheblichen Einfluss auf Entwicklungen im Nahen und Mittleren Osten genommen. Gemeinsames Ziel war es, demokratische Transformation zu verhindern, den Aufstieg des politischen Islam zu stoppen sowie dem regionalen Einfluss Irans und der Türkei entgegenzuwirken. Gemeinsame regionalpolitische Interventionen waren indes wenig erfolgreich. Überdies treten in den letzten Monaten Interessendivergenzen in den bilateralen Beziehungen zwischen diesen autoritär geführten arabischen Staaten zutage. Konfliktpotenzial wird sowohl in Bezug auf wirtschaftliche als auch auf regionalpolitische Fragen sichtbar und dürfte zukünftig noch steigen. Deutschland und die Europäische Union (EU) sollten diese Interessendivergenzen der drei Länder als Chance begreifen, um eigene Ziele in der Region zu verfolgen. (Autorenreferat)

CBO projection and SPF mean forecast diverge, by nearly a percentage point in 2024. Figure 1: Ten year Treasury yield (black), projected by CBO (tan), SPF mean (blue), TIPS ten year (red), all in %. NBER peak-to-trough recession dates shaded gray. Source: Treasury via FRED, CBO, Philadelphia Fed, NBER. CBO's projection is based on current […]

Emphasis on Soviet relations with Rumania, Hungary, and East Germany.

Soviet and U.S. political aspirations, strategic conceptions, economic interests, and perceptions of the region's endemic rivalries.

Die Entscheidung der Vereinten Nationen vom 29.11.1947, jeweils jüdische und arabische Rechte auf einen souveränen Staat im geteilten Palästina anzuerkennen, fand die Unterstützung sowohl der USA als auch der Sowjetunion. Dies war die erste und gleichzeitig letzte gemeinsame Aktion der beiden Mächte im Hinblick auf den Nahen Osten. In der Folgezeit traten die USA als Wahrer westlicher Interessen auf, während die UdSSR die amerikanische Stellung herausforderte. Doch haben beide jede ernsthafte Konfrontation vermieden und dabei einen ungeschriebenen code of conduct entwickelt, ohne jedoch wirklich zu versuchen, die bestehenden Konflikte in der Region durch konstruktive Kooperation beizulegen. (SWP-Hld)