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This report examines prescription drug abuse in the United States. An estimated 6.8 million individuals currently abuse prescription drugs in the United States. Unlike policy on street drugs, federal policy on prescription drug abuse is complicated by the need to maintain access to prescription controlled substances (PCS) for legitimate medical use. The federal government has several roles in reducing prescription drug abuse.

All development and research projects funded during the year concerned. Each agency includes list of researchers and project information, as well as analytical charts, graphs, and tables. Also includes alphabetical and classified lists ofresearchers. ; "Federally supported drug abuse and tobacco research and development." ; All development and research projects funded during the year concerned. Each agency includes list of researchers and project information, as well as analytical charts, graphs, and tables. Also includes alphabetical and classified lists ofresearchers. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Prepared and distributed 1976- by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Division of Research.

In The Gambia like all nations, drug abuse is seen as a social and health problem that has many serious implications for the physical, social, psychological and intellectual development of the victims more especially, the children. Therefore, it continues to be a concern to families, community leaders, educators, social workers, health care professionals, academics, government and its development partners. Though there some studies on drug abuse, there is none on children and drug abuse focusing on the street children the most vulnerable category. Street children are hypothesized to be more at risk of any epidemic including drug abuse. This study sought to determine the risk and prevalence of drug abuse among street children focusing on those in the car parks. The research was focused on six critical areas: level of knowledge of drug abuse, perception towards it, level of knowledge of the causes of it in the community and among street children, level of knowledge of negative impacts of it, level of knowledge of the preventive methods; and level of knowledge of the support services and treatments needed by victims. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from thirty five participants (i.e. one driver and six casual apprentices from each of the five car parks) were interviewed. The data was presented and analysed using tables and percentage. The findings revealed among other things, that there is high level of awareness of drug abuse but the feelings towards it is mixed. Like other children, street children are abusing drugs mainly due to peer influence with the ultimate objective of getting high to relief stress, group recognition, trusted by peers, etc. Similarly, participants are highly aware of the negative impacts encompassing fighting, stealing, mental illness, etc. To finance the behaviour, victims are engaged in all types of dangerous antisocial behaviour including romantic ones exposing them to a range of diseases including STIs and HIV/AIDS. Marijuana is the most commonly abused drug. ...

The incidence of drug abuse has become a problem that affects every country across the globe. The intake of substances affects both the physical and mental health of the users and the general public. Many people suffer from various health impairments such as hepatitis, heart attacks, respiratory infections, cancer, and neurological problems that lead to incapacitation and even death. The same thing applies to mental health issues like schizophrenia, anxiety, neuroses, psychoses, depression, and other mental illnesses. These problems have occurred due to the frequent intake of illicit drugs such as opioids and prescription over-the-counter drugs. The available literature reviewed shows the prevalence of drug abuse in the global sphere and Nigeria in particular. The study also shows how the problems become out of control as a result of either corruption among the security agents, drug trafficking and smuggling, or the amount of money involved in the business, which makes the drug barons devise many ways of accessing the drugs whenever the law enforcement agencies try to stop them. The present study investigates the effects of substance abuse on the health of users in Nigeria; the health consequences; the recent trend of substance abuse among youth; and the measures taken by the government to stop the menace. Both primary and secondary sources of data were utilised to collect data through textbooks, journals, internet sources, government and non-governmental agencies' reports, newspapers, and periodicals.

"This material was developed by the National Drug Abuse Center for Training and Resource Development, pursuant to Contract Number 271-78-4600"--T.p. verso. ; [1] Trainer manual--[2] Participant manual. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Doping in performance sport is a complex and controversial issues. The secrecy that characterizes it hinders the implementation of epidemiological investigations. It involves the entire society. Moreover, the forces that conspire behind doping have always been able not only to identify new substances and new methods but also to steal the new scientific discoveries aimed at the treatment of diseases, for their illegal purposes. The fight against doping has had a strong push, in 2004, with the birth of the first World Anti-doping Code drafted by WADA. The laboratories, the Code, the Biological Passport and the ADAMS are important tools for the fight against doping. The aim study is to show the data relating to the consumption of drugs from 2003 to 2017. A number of the commonly used substances have been discussed and their risks and side effects reviewed.

Latest issue consulted: Fiscal year 1990. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; A report for the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Title from caption. ; Index to U.S. government periodicals ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Vols. for Sept. 1988- issued jointly with the National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute of Mental Health.

Background: The National Narcotics Board or Badan Narkotika Nasional (BNN) survey results found the prevalence of drug abuse in 2015 amount 42,900 people, and an increase of 20.84% in 2016, which amounted to 51,840 people. As a result of drug abuse, drug abusers often experience health problems both physically and mentally due to the influence of drugs or the environment that makes drug abusers depressed. One of the health treatments for drug abusers that can be done to motivate drug abusers is to provide family support. The family is a source of social support because, in family relationships, mutual trust is created. Objective: This research was conducted to determine how the family's role based on Kroenke helped to recover the health of drug abusers from deciding to stop drug abuse. The government can later consider this research's benefits in creating a family-based drug abuse prevention and recovery program. Methods: This study uses a review of international articles. The articles used are twenty articles published in the last ten years. Result: Research shows that the family's role in helping recovering drug users' health drug users' health is different but still has the same goal. Support provided is based on the cause of individuals to commit drug abuse. Support could be provided in the form of assessment support, instrumental, informational, and social. A good family role's functioning makes the recovery process more effective because an addict will feel motivated by their support. Conclusion: The research conducted that the family's role is essential for the recovery of the health of drug addicts, providing a stimulus for change to stop drug abuse. The family's ability and function in explaining the addict's self-control varies according to how the response and the intensity of family support provided to the addict.

Introduction. The formation of responsibility for one's health in the youth environment is one of the tasks of the institution of education that determines the process of socialization. The future of sustainable development of country is determined, among other things, by the formation of negative social attitudes towards drug use. The aim of the publication is to study the specifics of the social orientation among young people on drug use and to justify the need for prevention in the educational environment.Methodology and research methods. Methodological basis of work involves classical theories of social installation; anomies; cultural conflict; subcultures; stigmatizations; social control; social space. The analysis and synthesis of scientific publications and data of the government statistics, including results of a number of social researches of 2010–2015 conducted in the Tyumen region are used. Sociological methods, including poll, questioning and the formalized interviews are applied at an experimental investigation phase. Data processing is carried out in technique of the factorial and classification analysis.Results and scientific novelty. Drug abuse among young people is a result of the contradiction between youth attitudes and social norms. It is shown that the prevention of drug abuse in Russia is institutionally ineffective. The social attitudes and motives connected with drug abuse among young people aged 18–30 years are revealed. It is established that acceptance of drug abuse experience is not defined by a gender, social and/or material status. The main types of the attitude to drug abuse experience are designated: 1) complete negation of a possibility of drug abuse; 2) refusal of drug abuse, but indifference or loyal attitude to drug abuse by others; 3) readiness for periodic drug usage; 4) steady stereotype of regular use of narcotic substances. The necessity of flexible forms of influence on youth for formation of sustainable social barriers is justified.The need of adequate public opinion formation which does not enable exclusion and criminalization among youth having some drug abuse experience is approved. Repressive practices of work with such young people only exacerbate the problem. The recommendations on organization regulation of a drug abuse situation in the country are formulated.Practical significance. The materials of the present article can be used for creation of effective system of drug abuse prevention in the educational environment taking into account age characteristics of pupils. ; Введение. Формирование у молодежи ответственности за свое здоровье, в том числе отрицательного отношения к потреблению наркотиков, – одна из задач института образования. Эта задача тесно переплетается с проблемой социализации молодых людей, а ее решение в определенной мере является условием будущего устойчивого развития страны. Цель представленного в статье исследования – изучить специфику социальных установок молодежи на потребление наркотиков и обосновать необходимость профилактики в образовательной среде. Методология и методики. Методологической основой работы являются классические теории социальной установки; аномии; культурного конфликта; субкультур; стигматизации; социального контроля; социального пространства. Использовались анализ и обобщение научных публикаций и данных государственной статистики, в том числе результаты ряда социологических исследований 2010–2015 гг., проведенных в Тюменском регионе. На экспериментальном этапе исследования применялись социологические методы, в том числе опрос, анкетирование и формализованные интервью. Обработка данных выполнялась в технике факторного и классификационного анализа. Результаты и научная новизна. Потребление наркотиков в молодежной среде – результат деформированных взаимоотношений с социальными нормами и институтами. Показано, что профилактика наркопотребления, практикующаяся в России, институционально неэффективна. Выявлены социальные установки и мотивы, связанные с наркопотреблением среди молодых людей в возрасте 18–30 лет. Установлено, что одобрение наркоопыта не определяется гендером, социальным и/или материальным статусом. Обозначены основные типы отношения к наркоопыту: 1) полное отрицание возможности потребления наркотиков; 2) отказ от их использования, но равнодушие или лояльное отношение к употреблению наркотиков другими; 3) готовность к периодическому потреблению; 4) устойчивый стереотип регулярного использования наркотических веществ. Обоснована необходимость гибких форм воздействия на молодежь для формирования устойчивых социальных барьеров, препятствующих наркотизму и развитию наркомании. Утверждается необходимость формирования адекватного общественного мнения, не допускающего эксклюзии и криминализации молодежи, соприкоснувшейся с наркотиками. Репрессивные практики работы с такой молодежью только усугубляют проблему. Сформулированы рекомендации по организации урегулирования наркоситуации в стране. Практическая значимость. Материалы статьи могут быть использованы при создании эффективной системы профилактики в образовательной среде с учетом возрастных особенностей учащихся. ; The work was supported by the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation, project № 16–03–00500 «Options and restrictive guidelines of a new industrialization, сontradictions of the socio-cultural space: The example of the Tyumen region», Tyumen State University. ; Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского гуманитарного научного фонда, проект № 16–03–00500 «Возможности и ограничения новой индустриализации и противоречия социокультурного пространства: на примере Тюменского региона», Тюменский государственный университет.

published_or_final_version ; Politics and Public Administration ; Master ; Master of Public Administration

Drug addiction is "a state of periodic or chronic intoxication, detrimental to the individual and the society, produced by repeated consumption of a drug either natural or synthetic" (Dupont, 1984). The United Nations World Drug Report of 2015 states, "It is estimated that almost a quarter of a billion people between the ages of 15 and 64 years used an illicit drug in 2013. Globally, some 246 million people use illicit drugs and almost 200,000 of them die using drugs". According to the Press Trust of India it is estimated that there are about ten million alcoholics, nine million cannabis or marijuana users, 250,000 opiate users and nearly one million illicit drug users in India. Like a shadowy octopus, the problem of drug abuse has reached even the school rooms in Pune, India, and it is high time that preventive measures and awareness programs be launched in our schools so that our students will recognize the enemy before it strikes. In this research, it was decided to seek permission from the authorities of a Government Recognized High School (GRHS) and a Government Drug Rehabilitation Centre (GDRC) in Pune, India. Permission to carry out the research was granted and the data was collected from these two centers. To determine the extent of the problem, simple surveys were administered and data collected from the High School children after working out a stratified random sampling of the population under study. Preliminary data was obtained and this was followed by in-depth interviews from recovering addicts who were admitted to a Government Drug Rehabilitation Centre

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's (SAMHSA) efforts to support an effective drug abuse treatment system, focusing on: (1) activities supported by SAMHSA's Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment (SAPT) block grant and Knowledge Development and Application (KDA) grant funds for drug abuse treatment; (2) SAMHSA and state mechanisms for monitoring fund use; and (3) SAMHSA and state efforts to determine the effectiveness of drug abuse treatment supported with SAPT block grant funds."

Drug use remains a prominent aspect of the American environment. Consequently, this analysis was undertaken to examine the current as well as the projected role of the federal government in drug abuse. Based on an examination of federal expenditures between the years of 1976 and 1980, the intelligence, corrections, interdictions, federal prosecutions, and compliance categories have increased their proportions of the budget, but not enough to compensate for inflation. Based on the foregoing, there is a continuing desire for states to increase their operational responsibilities; however, a well-structured mechanism for evaluation in law enforcement efforts is lacking. Even so, it appears that the level of concern accorded by the federal government to psychoactive substance use is progressively decreasing.

Drug abuse and illicit trafficking is a complex problem, both causative and related factors. The countermeasures require a multidisciplinary approach, as well as integration across government sectors, as well as the integration of all parties, as well as the role of commitment and the entire community. In this regard, to determine the extent of public understanding and understanding of drugs, there is a positive relationship between improving the quality of human life and its maintenance. Society as a whole and the interaction between the two, it is necessary to empower the community through improving the quality and capacity of human resources in the context of preventing and overcoming drug trafficking. There are many creative ways to invite people to preventing drugs. One of the things that can be maximized is creativity and local wisdom such as urban farming as a medium for drug prevention. The Participants knowledge before socialization can be identified from the pre-test activities, most of which 60% have less knowledge about drugs and 70 % have less knowledge about urban farming. while after socialization the post-test results are mostly good 90% regarding the types of drugs and the impact of drug abuse compared to those with good knowledge regarding urban farming 95% The results of the activity showed that the youth organization had understood the dangers of drugs abuse for their character building. In addition, they were eager to be entrepreneur regarding urban agriculture. The Education Institution such as Universitas Mercubuana together with the local government seeks to empower the community, especially in areas prone to illicit drug trafficking, so as not to fall into the illicit business by providing training and entrepreneurial skills so that people in the area are able to live independently and have a stable economy.