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Abstract: This article examines the UK government's recent prison drug control strategy. The focus is on the control aspects of the proposals, for example, tightening security and the introduction of mandatory urine testing. A national telephone survey of prison Heads of Custody reveals broad support for the strategy but indicates that there are certain tensions and conflicts within it. These tensions are likely to make implementation problematic and limit its effectiveness. It is argued that, given the complexity of the prison system, a drug strategy needs to be firmly embedded within overall prison and penal strategies.

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the role of the Department of Defense (DOD) in reducing the supply of illegal drugs entering the United States, focusing on: (1) the decline in DOD's aerial and maritime support allocated to counterdrug activities from fiscal years 1992 through 1999 and some of the consequences and reasons for the decline; (2) the obstacles DOD faces in helping foreign governments counter illegal drug activities; and (3) DOD's counterdrug strategy and the need for performance measures to judge its counterdrug program effectiveness."

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the role of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) in shaping the national drug control budget that the President ultimately proposes to Congress to implement the National Drug Control Strategy, focusing on: (1) whether the process ONDCP followed to certify federal agencies' drug control budgets for fiscal year (FY) 1999 was consistent with statutory requirements; and (2) the system ONDCP has developed to assess the extent to which drug control agencies and programs achieve intended results."

Intro -- NATIONAL DRUGCONTROL STRATEGY -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL STRATEGY:2008ANNUAL REPORT -- INTRODUCTION -- A Turning Point -- IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING HAS YIELDED RESULTS -- MOVING FORWARD: CHALLENGE AND HOPE -- STOPPING DRUG USE BEFORE IT STARTS -- Deterring Drug Use by Changing Attitudes -- Random Testing to Prevent Substance Abuse -- Combating Doping in Sports -- A Proven Prevention Tool: The United StatesMilitary's Experience with Drug Testing -- Drug-Free Workplace -- Community Partnerships to Protect Youth -- The Drug Free Communities Support Program -- Educating Youth About the Dangers of Drug Use -- The National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign -- Fighting Pharmaceutical Diversion and Preventing Addiction -- Extreme Ecstasy: The Rising Threat from MDMA(Ecstasy) and Methamphetamine Mixtures -- INTERVENING AND HEALING AMERICA'S DRUG USERS -- From Screening to Recovery Support: A Continuum of Care -- Detecting Drug Use Early Saves Lives -- Screening and Brief Intervention -- Medical Education on Substance Abuse -- Treatment for Co-Occurring Disorders -- A Chance to Heal:Treating Substance Abusing Offenders -- Understanding Addiction -- THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY:TACKLING TRANSNATIONAL THREATS -- Disrupting the Market for Illegal Drugs -- The Vital Role of State and Local Law Enforcement -- Taking Drugs off America's Roadways -- Targeting Marijuana Cultivation in the United States -- Methamphetamine and Synthetic Drugs -- Taking the Fight Against Methamphetamine Global -- Stemming the Flow of Drugs Across the Southwest Border -- Working with Mexico and Central America -- Transit Zone Interdiction -- Attacking Trafficker Finances -- Progress and Challenges in the Andean Ridge -- Afghanistan: Counternarcotics and Counterinsurgency -- Working Together to Reduce Drug Use Around the World -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

Federalism issues have been neglected in the scholarship on drug control policy. This Article addresses both empirical and normative questions relating to federal-state-local relations in the "war on drugs." Contrary to common views of federal domination and national uniformity, drug control policy actually varies considerably from state to state. State diversity has increased since the mid- 1990s, when drug reformers began to use the ballot initiative to change state laws. While the federal government has contested these reforms, it has not sought to use its preemption powers to enforce federal preferences. The Article employs public choice models to explain the current federal role, giving particular attention to the unusual degree of "in-kind" assistance given by federal law enforcement officials to local police agencies. While such in-kind assistance helps to decentralize drug policymaking and reduce agency costs, it also undercuts legislative control and public accountability. Leading theoretical models of federalism support the ideal of decentralized decision making in drug policy. Decentralization encourages policy innovation and enhances overall citizen satisfaction. While prior commentators have not fully appreciated the present degree of decentralization in drug policy, federal-state-local relations are nonetheless in need of reform, particularly to enhance legislative control and public accountability. Accordingly, the Article proposes reforms that are intended to reduce the federal distortion of drug policy debates at the state and local level, subject federal drug enforcement decisions to a greater degree of local political control, and increase the accountability of local law enforcement to local political institutions.

This book provides for an extensive legal analysis of the international drug control system in light of the growing challenges and criticism that this system faces. In the current debate on global drug policy, the central pillars of the international drug control system – the UN Drug Conventions as well as its institutions – are portrayed as outdated, suppressive and seen as an obstacle to necessary changes. The book's objective is to provide an in-depth and positivist insight into drug control's present legal framework and thus provide for a better understanding of the normative assumptions upon which drug control is currently based. This is attained by clarifying the objectives of the international drug control system and the premises by which these objectives are to be achieved. The objective ofthe currentglobal framework of international drug control is the limitation of drugs to medical and scientific purposes. The meaning of this objective and its concrete implications for States' parties as well asits problems from the perspective of other regimes of international law, most notably international human rights law, are extensively analysed. Additionally, the book focuses on how the international drug control system attempts to reach the objective of confining drugs to medical and scientific purposes, i.e. by setting up a universal system that exercises a rigid control on drug supply. The consequences of this heavy focus on the reduction of drug supply are outlined, and the book concludes by making suggestions on how the international drug control system could be reformed in the near future in order to better meet the existing challenges.The analysis occurs from a general international law perspective. It aims to map the international drug control system within a wider context of international law and to understand whether the problemsthat the international drug control system faces are exemplary for the difficulties that institutionalized systems of global scope face in the twenty-first century.