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<p class="Body1CxSpFirst">No presente artigo teve-se como objetivo analisar as influências dos constructos de primeira e segunda ordem da escala <em>Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior</em> (<em>ECCB</em>) no consumo consciente de cosméticos. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizada uma <em>survey</em> com 554 consumidores de três marcas de cosméticos na grande Porto Alegre. Os resultados apontaram a existência de diferentes relações entre os constructos nos quatro modelos hierárquicos estudados, contrastando com estudos publicados na área. O modelo mais parcimonioso demonstrou ausência de relação na percepção da eficácia, coeficientes mais fortes no liberalismo e moderados no altruísmo e na preocupação ambiental, diferente dos estudos das escalas originais. O conjunto de resultados propõe uma forma de análise de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (MEE) pouco utilizada no meio acadêmico, demonstrando, assim, vantagens de se utilizar a modelagem de segunda ordem em estudo de modelagem de equações estruturais. Por fim, realizou-se uma análise crítica do uso da MEE de segunda ordem e propuseram-se novas análises para superar as limitações deste estudo.</p><p class="Body1CxSpLast">Palavras-chave: <em>Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior</em>. Modelagem de equações estruturais. Modelagem de segunda ordem.</p>

AbstractGiven the due importance of environmentally conscious consumer behavior (ECCB) and willingness to be environmentally friendly (WEF), the aim of this paper is to study the relationships between the determinants of pro‐environmental behavior (e.g., perceived behavioral control, environmental knowledge, environmental concern, and perceived environmental consequences), with ECCB and WEF. The proposed theoretical model is grounded in marketing literature, extends the theory of planned behavior, and empirically tested in the Indian market. A survey with questionnaire was administered to gather data from 510 respondents from the state capital of the country. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses; the results confirm adequate support for the theory of planned behavior and proposed theoretical model. In addition, ECCB found to be significantly influenced by the consumers' environmental knowledge, and perceived environmental consequences, and environmental concern was significantly related to WEF. The study implies that green marketers should direct their marketing efforts towards integrating these four pro‐environmental behavior determinants in order to facilitate the ECCB and WEF for green products. For promoting the ECCB, green marketers should strengthen environmental knowledge and perceived environmental consequences to target consumers, and for augmenting the WEF, they should improve the environment concern among consumers. This study contributes to the mainstream literature by ascertaining the distinctive impact of the four noteworthy determinants of pro‐environmental behavior on ECCB and WEF in emerging markets.

PurposeThe study aims to examine the role of consumer psychological attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control and pro-environmental self-identity on green food purchase intention. Also, it examines the effect of ecological conscious consumers' behavior (ECCB) on green intention and behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe study has focused on the upper-middle-class segment of Karachi. The authors have used area sampling for collecting the data. Six recruited enumerators distributed 450 questionnaires in five areas of Karachi and received 423 filled-in questionnaires. The study has used the Smart PLS version for data analysis.FindingsThe study found that biospheric egoistic and hedonic values affect attitudes toward green products, and altruistic values have no effect on attitude. Also, the authors did not find any association between attitude and green purchase intention, but found that attitude stimulates ECCB. Subjective norms and perceived behavior control strongly affect green purchase intention and ECCB. The results also suggest that pro-environment self-identity and ECCB are significant predictors of green purchase intention. The authors also found that green purchase intention stimulates green food behavior.Originality/valueThe authors have taken a holistic approach by investigating 13relationships. The authors also examined the association between hedonic values and green purchase intentions, which in the past studies have contradictory results.

The paper analyzes the challenges for the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) to be an effective lender of last resort (LOLR) as part of a modern banking crisis resolution framework. The main results from the theoretical model of the ECCB's institutional arrangement are that the majority of currency union members may veto emergency lending in the case of a member-specific shock, as such lending may endanger the stability of the currency board (by lowering the central bank's international reserves, thus raising devaluation risk). However, in the presence of contagion across countries, all cur

The World Bank and the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) undertook a comprehensive assessment of the debt management (DeM) functions of the Government of Dominica (GoD) from June 18 to 22, 2018.The main outcomes of the debt management performance assessment are as follows: The assessment indicates that legal framework includes clear authorization for the Minister of Finance to borrow and issue loan guarantees on behalf of the Government. However, authorization to issue bonds in the regional market is not clearly defined.legal framework is fragmented and does not include borrowing purposes. The Debt Management Unit (DMU) is the principal guarantee entity but the borrowing operations involve more entities and are not well coordinated.Reasonably reliable debt service forecasts are produced by the DMU, but in-house debt sustainability analysis (DSA) is not undertaken. A staff in Macroeconomic Unit within the MoF has received training in the use of DSA framework and plans to undertake the exercise in-house in the coming fiscal year.Cash flows are forecasted on a monthly basis, but not submitted to the ECCB for liquidity management purposes. The Government has access to a well-developed Regional Government Securities Market (RGSM), but the potential has not been fully reaped, since Treasury bills (T-bills) are also issued locally with less advanced techniques, implying significant exposure to operational risks.Monthly detailed cash flow forecasts are prepared by the Accountant General´s Office (AGO) which could be used to guide upcoming budget allocation and short-term T-bill issuance for cash management purposes.The DMU is maintaining complete government debt and guarantees' records which are updated quickly due to well-developed contacts with creditors and projects.The DMU has developed a draft procedures manual but it does not cover all DeM procedures and it has not been finalized. The DMU staff capacity is not sufficient and the work is not organized with adequate segregation of duties.

A consciência ambiental e a consequente busca por produtos ambientalmente menos impactantes ao meio ambiente, têm se consolidado nos últimos anos. Influências pessoais e do meio, influenciam o comportamento ambiental das pessoas, dentre elas a educação ambiental. É fundamental identificar como o conhecimento acerca de questões ambientais pode ser considerado um indicador da ação consciente do consumidor. Para tanto, nada melhor do que focar estes estudos nos futuros formadores de opinião, os estudantes universitários. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a consciência e os hábitos de consumo dos alunos do curso de Direito, antes e após cursarem disciplina com conteúdo ambiental, por meio escala validada ao contexto brasileiro de Comportamento do Consumidor Ecologicamente Consciente (ECCB) desenvolvida por Roberts (1996). Assim, uma pesquisa quantitativa foi realizada por meio de uma Survey com universitários do curso de Direito. A amostra foi composta de 350 respondentes e as análises foram realizadas por meio do software RStudio Team (2015). Os resultados indicam diferenças de comportamento ambiental entre os grupos de alunos que cursaram disciplina com conteúdo ambiental e aqueles que não cursaram, contudo não foram identificadas diferenças na consciência ambiental, sugerindo que existe influência positiva de disciplinas ambientais no comportamento de compra dos universitários.

Entering into the 21st century, sustainable living has become a popular topic of concern for scientists and engineers, politicians, news reporters and individuals alike. Most importantly though, sustainable living has become popular to the modern consumer, and many firms are attempting to understand and cater their efforts to the ecologically conscious consumer. Previous studies have shown that the use of psychographics, as opposed to demographics, result in more significant results that can help firms identify ecologically conscious consumers. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between consumers who identify as pescetarian, vegetarian, or vegan, and their respective participation in the green movement in terms of their pro-environmental attitudes and their purchase behaviors. Consumers' reason for choosing an alternative diet, their relative commitment to the alternative diet, as well as their level of green participation based on the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale and the Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior (ECCB) scale was measure and analyzed. Additionally, a conclusion and discussion of the study, potential marketing implications, and suggestions for future studies will be reviewed. ; 2014-05-01 ; B.S.B.A. ; Business Administration, Dept. of Marketing ; Bachelors ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

Os problemas ambientais têm gerado novas oportunidade de negócios para as organizações, como a preocupação com a consciência ecológica e com o comportamento dos consumidores, que estão mais atentos às questões ambientais e sociais e às suas consequências. Assim, neste estudo quantitativo, a partir de um questionário adaptado da escala de Comportamento do Consumidor Ecologicamente Consciente (Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior) (ECCB)), de Straughan e Roberts (1999) e Lages e Vargas Neto (2002), teve-se como objetivo discutir os fatores que podem influenciar a consciência ecológica dos consumidores capixabas no momento em que estão realizando suas compras. Os principais resultados mostram que o novo modelo mental dos consumidores capixabas tem implicado a adoção de um comportamento verde somente para alguns hábitos. E quanto maior a escolaridade e a idade, maior a consciência ecológica dos consumidores. Já a renda não impacta tal comportamento, o que é bom para o Estado do Espírito Santo, que tem disparidades sociais e econômicas.Palavras-chave: Consumo ecologicamente correto. Marketing verde. Legislação. Abstract Environmental problems have generated new business opportunities for organizations, such as concern for ecological awareness and consumer behaviour, which are more conscious to environmental and social issues, and its consequences. Thus, this quantitative study, from the questionnaire of Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior of Straughan and Roberts (1999) and Lages and Vargas Neto (2002), aims to discuss the factors that may influence the ecological consciousness of consumers in the State of Espírito Santo when they are shopping. Findings show that consumers' new mental model of this region has implied in adopting a green behavior only for some habits. In addition, the greater the education degree and age, the greater the ecological awareness of consumers. Income does not affect such behavior, which is good for the State of Espírito Santo, which has social and economic disparities.Keywords: Ecologically conscious consumer. Green marketing. Legislation.