Suchergebnisse

This thesis is about Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) practice in Sweden. Impact Assessment (IA) is expected to play a crucial role in enabling democratic and enlightened decision making. EIA practice seems however not to be in accordance with best IA practice norms and legislation in many countries. We therefore need a more thorough understanding of IA practice and its outcomes and about what is gained through EIA and thus also be able to suggest, on a more profound basis, how the practice can be improved. This thesis presents an analysis of the two cases EIA practice on cumulative effects and the final disposal for spent nuclear fuel. The methods and approaches used are qualitatively and include literature review, document analysis, individual interviews and focus group interviews. The results were analysed using social psychology theory and community of practice theory. The case of cumulative effects clearly demonstrated that a positive attitude towards including cumulative effects was in place, but the conditions to change the knowledge base were not. In the investigated case for a final disposal for spent nuclear fuel it was revealed that a shared practice and social learning over time might result in difficulties for the authority in mapping out a clear role and identity for itself in relation to the proponent. It also showed that the shared practice that has developed between the industry, and the competent authorities, has over time resulted in the adoption of a shared understanding and similar perspectives, concerning at least two points. The first concerns downgrading the need to more thoroughly investigate alternate technical methods to the main alternative, while the second concerns the need to avoid delays in the planning process. Communication and the shared practice that has developed over a long period of time, can have a significant and not necessarily positive impact on power relations and thus hamper knowledge production, diffusion of roles and identities.

The environmental impact assessment (EIA) was first required by the U.S. National Environmental Policy Act, which require environmental impact assessment of all major development projects to determine their potential for adverse effects on the environment. The environmental outlook for the Nile basin remains quite hazy. In the future there will be new environmental challenge stemming from population growth, increasing demands on agriculture, and climate change. This will put a huge burden on the environment. This research initiated to compare the international EIA guidelines in order to enhance the Nile Basin Countries experience to improve its practice in managing the environmental resources. This is due to the fact that Nile Basin Countries experiences face many challenges such as lack of capacity, data, proper guidelines, enforcement, and most importantly awareness of the environment protection sector or its effectiveness. Moreover; it requires reviewing and tools improvements to produce effective environmental management of development and engineering projects. Therefore, provision of detailed guidelines for EIA can help to improve the practice in the management of environmental resources. This paper reviews the EIA legislation in the Nile Basin Countries in comparison with international legislation and guidelines with emphasis on the EIA practice. The paper also intends to present selected international EIA guidelines in a comparative form and this is expected to raise awareness, professional experience of EIA issues, enhance EIA carrying capacity, and lead, ultimately, to improvements in available EIA legislations and guidelines and increase compatibility among them.

This article reviews the conference of the Environmental Law Network International (ELNI) dedicated to "EU Environmental Impact Assessment Directive - challenges and perspectives in the light of the past experiences and the recent proposal for amendment", which took place at the University of Wrocław in Poland on 23 and 24 May 2013. The conference was addressed to both experts from the practice and academics dealing with different aspects of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and brought together almost 250 participants from 24 countries worldwide. The aim of the conference was to review and discuss the recent proposal of the European Commission to amend the EIA Directive and bring it face to face with practical experiences with EIA at international and national level, in particular in the light of the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the EU and national courts.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure in Uzbekistan is carried out in accordance with the Laws, Resolutions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Guidelines, standards, building codes and regulations, industry regulations, orders of the State Committee for Ecology of the Republic of Uzbekistan.Regulatory documents for industrial enterprises are drawn up in accordance with the "Law on Nature Protection" (December 9, 1992 No. 754-XII) and "Legislation in the field of state ecological expertise" (May 25, 2000 No. 73-II).

In this pictorial essay, Buikema investigates the image that won the World Press Photo award in 2012. This photograph of a veiled woman cradling the body of a fallen revolutionary in a mosque in Yemen evokes in western audiences the image of the pieta. Buikema argues that the image pictorially stages a confrontation between east and west, and owes its affective power to the similarities with and difference from christian depictions of the virgin mother.