Suchergebnisse

Why do voters in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) vote for Euroskeptic political parties? Existing explanations of Euroskepticism suggest that those benefiting economically due to the European Union (EU) are less likely to be Euroskeptic. These approaches fail to take into account the social purpose of EU economic transfers. I argue that the minority advancement realized through EU funding drives voters toward Euroskeptic electoral options. I provide evidence of this relationship through two methods: a large-N statistical analysis and a survey experiment. The large-N analysis employs time-series, regional data from ten CEE member states. The survey experiment tests the hypothesis with a nationally representative sample of the Slovak population. Results from both methods corroborate the hypothesized relationship. Importantly, results suggest that reactionary voters may undermine the long-term institutional goals of the EU due to the short-term consequences of EU policies.

PURPOSE: The paper identifies and classifies the research studies conducted in the field of performance evaluation in European funding activities. ; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The article tries to answer some questions, which areas of European funding activities are the focus of research in measuring their effectiveness, what are the most common studied key performance indicators (KPI) in chosen topic and what are their features based on the literature. In order to answer the stated questions literature review methodology was applied. The literature analysis identified the most studied areas of European policies. The classified KPIs are as standardised as possible and quite often they represent a macro perspective, which coincides with the represented areas of the analysed journals presented in the study ; FINDINGS: The study noticed that due to low number of classified studies and limited representation of policies, researchers should place more emphasis on the efficiency of funding activities. Additionally findings presented in the paper suggested a potential logic process of the selection of KPIs to evaluate public projects, programmes or policies. ; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: EU activities are one of the biggest funding initiatives in Europe and probably also in the World, it is important to study how to measure performance of EU projects, programmes, initiatives, politics for better future of all citizens. ; peer-reviewed

New changes and a new way of obtaining EU funding emerged in the intermodal transport sector in 2004-2006 and 2007-2013.The new economic situation requires changes of the ways of obtaining EU funding to subsidise projects involving the development of intermodal transport in Poland. Intermodal transport projects are one type of investment projects that increase safety and promote environmentally friendly solutions in transport. The article is an analysis of the available sources of EU funding for intermodal transport projects. The objectives and priorities of funding projects within two financial perspectives are presented. The article also looks at the principles of Poland's policy on implementing such projects subsidised by the EU.

Although the responsibility for realizing the Europe 2020 strategy is shared between the EU and its 28 member states, the main criticism of the current EU budget relates to the lack of a link between the budget and Europe 2020 strategy. Therefore a new budget design as well as alternative revenue sources is currently explored within a mid-term review. One of the possible candidates is a Financial Transaction Tax (FTT). To research FTT revenue potential, a model based on a remittance system was designed. We analyse full or partial replacement of VAT- and GNI-based own resources by the transfer of the tax revenues from a FTT raised on a national level to the EU budget. The research reveals that FTT-based own resources would be able to fully replace GNI-based own resources and VAT-based own resources only for some EU member states. However, the results also show that, from the EU11 (28) perspective, the tax is sufficient to fully replace VAT- or GNI-contributions if levied on the EU11 (28) level (not on the national level) as a direct payment to the EU budget without tracking the source Member State. ; FairTax

EU funds are all financial and operative programs funded by the European Union, either in the Member States (Union Programs and instruments of the Cohesion, Agriculture and Fisheries Policies), or outside of them (pre-accession funds, other country programmes). In order to develop the regions, cities and villages of Croatia, the programme of strategic investment is established by the regional policy which promotes economic and social growth and improves the living standard. It gives support for less developed areas and rural regions as an expression of solidarity. Regional policy is a strategic investment programme, with aim to develop all regions and cities and villages in Croatia, in order to promote their economic and social growth and improve the quality of living. It is also an expression of solidarity because it gives support for less developed areas and rural regions. Purpose of this research paper is to identify level of knowledge about EU funds in rural area with survey method. There is a practical example of a survey of the respondents on the impact of EU funds on reducing rural regional inequalities as a result of this paper.

The need to reform EU funding and recent political developments such as Brexit and the withdrawal from the United States from the 2015 Paris climate agreement could revitalize the debate about the introduction of border carbon adjustments (BCA) for the European emission trading system (ETS). The introduction of a BCA would allow the EU to phase out current carbon leakage provisions of the ETS and to auction off all emission allowances, thus rendering the ETS a more effective unilateral tool to price and reduce carbon emissions. By using a dynamic new Keynesian (DYNK) model, we estimate that a BCA for the ETS would generate substantial and stable revenues. Given different assumptions about the development of the carbon intensity of non-EU production and different BCA designs we find that estimated revenues would suffice to finance between a third and all of current EU expenditures by the year 2027, thus allowing Member States to reduce their current contributions to the EU budget accordingly. Administered at the EU borders a BCA would represent a sustainability-oriented instrument to finance the EU allowing EU Member States to cut more distortionary taxes such as those on labour, thereby increasing growth- and employment-friendliness of taxation. The proposed measure could thus contribute to tackle both environmental and fiscal challenges currently facing the EU.

The need to reform EU funding and recent political developments such as Brexit and the withdrawal from the USA from the 2015 Paris climate agreement could revitalise the debate about the introduction of border carbon adjustments (BCA) for the European emission trading system (ETS). The introduction of a BCA would allow the EU to phase out current carbon leakage provisions of the ETS and to auction off all emission allowances, thus rendering the ETS a more effective unilateral tool to price and reduce carbon emissions. By using a dynamic new Keynesian (DYNK) model, we estimate that potential revenues of a BCA for the ETS would generate substantial and stable revenues. Given different assumptions about the development of the carbon intensity of non-EU production and different BCA designs we find that estimated revenues would suffice to finance between a third and all of current EU expenditures by the year 2027, thus allowing member countries to reduce their current contributions to the EU budget accordingly. Administered at the EU borders a BCA would represent a sustainability-oriented instrument to finance the EU allowing EU countries to cut more distortionary taxes such as those on labour, thereby increasing growth- and employment-friendliness of taxation. The proposed measure could thus contribute to tackle both environmental and fiscal challenges currently facing the EU.