Suchergebnisse

International audience From the case of a drug that caused serious damage over large populations-diethylstilbestrol-this article offers a sociological analysis of victims legal mobilizations. It is conducted in two aspects: on the one hand, the work produced by victims within and on law, on the other hand the back effects of law on victims, their collective and their causes, through the different stages of legal procedures. We highlight a constant tension between a singular judicial experience, marked by isolation and opacity, and the development of a "DES litigation" which plays a key role in the collectivization and the publicization of a public health cause. ; À partir du cas d'un médicament ayant entraîné des dommages sur de vastes populations – le distilbène-cet article propose une analyse sociologique des mobilisations de victimes sur la scène judiciaire. Elle est menée sous deux aspects : d'une part le travail produit par les victimes avec et sur le droit, d'autre part les effets en retour du droit sur les victimes, leurs collectifs et leur(s) cause(s), aux différentes étapes de l'engagement judiciaire et de la procédure. Nous mettons en lumière une tension permanente entre une expérience judiciaire singulière, marquée par l'isolement et l'opacité, et l'élaboration d'un « contentieux distilbène » qui joue un rôle déterminant dans la collectivisation et la publicisation d'une cause de santé publique.

International audience There is by now common agreement that human rights apply online as they dooffline; yet in practice, the modalities of the online realm provide significant challenges tohuman rights protection, many of which remain largely unexplored. Moreover, in the courseof the above-mentioned efforts, some so-called « new digital rights » have been advocated,such as the « right to internet » access and the « right to be forgotten ».This paper explores the background of such proposals and how they have unfoldedover time and across various arenas and circumstances. It analyzes how different actors(states, intergovernmental organizations, civil society, technical community, internetcompanies) have been framing and advancing these proposals through either politicalcontention or coalition of interests around key international events and momentum. Inconclusion, the paper discusses the broader human rights implications of these developments.It argues that they reflect the strong impact of the specifics of the online environment on thevery concept of fundamental rights, and they may constitute threats to the universality andindivisibility of all human rights and undermine the level of human rights protection online. ; Il y a désormais consensus sur le fait que les droits de l'homme s'appliquent enligne aussi bien que hors ligne. Cependant, en pratique, les modalités de l'environnement enligne constituent des défis importants pour la protection des droits de l'homme, dont plusieursrestent largement inexplorés. En outre, dans le cadre des développements intervenus cesdernières années, certains prétendus « nouveaux droits numériques » ont été préconisés,comme le « droit d'accès à Internet » et le « droit à l'oubli ».L'article explore le contexte d'émergence de ces propositions et leur évolution dansle temps, ainsi que selon les différentes instances et circonstances de débat. Il analysecomment différents acteurs (États, organisations internationales, société civile, communautétechnique, firmes) ont élaboré et ...

Place and challenges of pharmaceutical laboratories in the regional organisation of healthcare provision in France: For an exploratory approach to developments linked to the HPST Law Summary The article addresses the possibility of effective strategic collaboration between the Regional Health Agencies (ARS) and pharmaceutical laboratories in the context of the process of regionalisation of health in France, in particular since the entry into force of the HPST Law. Although the expectations of this reform are limited to breaking down the silos of the health system, the literature finds it difficult to reconcile the health and societal interests of SRAs with those traditionally more economic and financial in the laboratories. It was precisely with a view to exploring this hypothetical partnership relationship that we conducted an exploratory survey of several laboratories in order, in particular, to understand and analyse their positioning and strategic issues. The results show that there is very little demand for laboratories from the regional health governance bodies, both because of their organisation and posture, and because of the expectation of many drug stakeholders that they will have a clear roadmap for their role. ; International audience ; Place and challenges of pharmaceutical laboratories in the regional organisation of healthcare provision in France: For an exploratory approach to developments linked to the HPST Law Summary The article addresses the possibility of effective strategic collaboration between the Regional Health Agencies (ARS) and pharmaceutical laboratories in the context of the process of regionalisation of health in France, in particular since the entry into force of the HPST Law. Although the expectations of this reform are limited to breaking down the silos of the health system, the literature finds it difficult to reconcile the health and societal interests of SRAs with those traditionally more economic and financial in the laboratories. It was precisely with a view to exploring ...

The central idea is to shed light on the right to identity of boys and girls born using assisted human reproduction techniques. A review will be made of the New Civil and Commercial Code of the Nation, of the new parentage source, of the legal regulation of these in our current legal system and will explain how this law supports the anonymity of the donor in disregarding the right to the identity of children. Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences ; La idea central es arrojar luz sobre el derecho a la identidad que ostentan los niños y niñas nacidos bajo el empleo de técnicas de reproducción humana asistida. Se realizará un repaso sobre el Nuevo Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación, sobre la nueva fuente filiatoria, sobre la regulación legal de las mismas en nuestro ordenamiento actual y se explicará cómo este ordenamiento avala el anonimato del donante en desmedro del derecho a la identidad de los niños. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales

Recent debates around the digital law, as well as discussions following the introduction of an open access policy by the European Research Council were instrumental in publicizing the international debates on the transformation of the political economy of scientific publications in France. Without discussing here the vast literature produced by researchers in library science, but also by various stakeholders (open access activists, publishers, learned societies, funders, political bodies), we remind the characteristics of HSS academic publishing, then describe contemporary forms of appropriation of scientific publications by publishers and platforms. Finally, we describe various public policies and the foundations of the InSHS policy in this area. ; National audience Les échanges récents autour de la loi numérique, comme les discussions ayant fait suite à la mise en place de politiques d'open access par le Conseil européen de la recherche ont largement contribué à publiciser, en France, des débats se déroulant à l'échelle internationale sur les transformations de l'économie politique des publications scientifiques. Sans discuter ici la vaste littérature produite par des chercheurs en sciences documentaires, mais aussi par différentes parties prenantes (militants de l'accès ouvert, éditeurs, sociétés savantes, financeurs, instances politiques), nous rappelons les caractéristiques de l'édition scientifique en SHS en France, puis nous décrivons les formes contemporaines d'appropriation des publications scientifiques par les éditeurs et diffuseurs. Enfin, nous exposons différentes politiques publiques et les fondements de la politique de l'InSHS en la matière.

International audience Adoption law in France and Italy is quite similar, and since the 1990s, these two countries have been among those which adopt the largest numbers of children from abroad. But over a longer timescale, what are the similarities and differences in their adoption practices ? This article retraces the history of adoption law and practices in France and Italy since the nineteenth century. While adoption law in the two countries has followed a similar trajectory, the actual numbers of simple adoptions are very different, mainly because far fewer stepfamilies are formed after divorce in Italy than in France. By contrast, the number of full adoptions and the characteristics of the children concerned are similar in both countries. After facing a scarcity of domestic adoptable children, potential adopters have, since 2011, been confronted with a drop in the number of minors available for intercountry adoption. As a consequence, intercountry adoptees in France and Italy tend to be older, and more often have siblings and/or health problems or disabilities than in the past. ; La France et l'Italie ont des droits de l'adoption proches et font partie, depuis les années 1990, des pays qui adoptent le plus de mineurs à l'international. Mais, à plus long terme, dans quelle mesure les pratiques sont-elles similaires entre ces deux pays ? Cet article retrace l'histoire du droit et des pratiques de l'adoption en France et en Italie depuis le xixe siècle. Il apparaît que si ces deux pays ont connu des histoires semblables du droit de l'adoption, les nombres actuels d'adoptions simples sont très différents, principalement en raison du fait que les recompositions familiales après divorce sont beaucoup plus rares en Italie qu'en France. En revanche, les nombres d'adoptions plénières et les profils des adoptés pléniers sont similaires dans les deux pays : après avoir été confrontés au faible nombre de mineurs nationaux adoptables, les candidats à l'adoption des deux pays sont confrontés, depuis 2011, à la baisse du ...

The title 'House Inventory' here has no other reason than the parallelism sought to be made with textual data referring to the material culture of mesothmian, such as inventories of furniture, in succession, dots or pain. The many nuances of the word 'inventory' given by dictionaries — whether in civil, commercial, administrative or property law — all refer to an enumeration, ordered or estimated operation, of a legal and more or less mandatory nature, together with the resulting document: these are the property of individuals or of a community, sometimes with a view to succession, the annual estimate of goods, the repertoire of material, artistic or documentary wealth (etc.), grouped by category. For archaeologists, the inventory of archaeological objects recalls this list of artefacts or ecofacts to be submitted, at the end of a search assignment, to the antiques service or to the local museum, generally in a certain field. Nor is it the restrictive meaning of that mere list which is relevant here. Our approach is more summarised in this definition: "Enumeration of elements that form a coherent whole, at a given point in time". Indeed, by identifying these elements, i.e. the different categories of artefacts (or ecofacts), which make up the interior of the house, I would like to stress the coherence of this whole, which contributes to its functioning. This inventory is, of course, of interest only if it is driven by curiosity: the idea of understanding the way of life of people who lived for a certain time and then disappeared by letting, totally or partisan, or sometimes leaving them alive in their daily lives. ; International audience ; The title 'House Inventory' here has no other reason than the parallelism sought to be made with textual data referring to the material culture of mesothmian, such as inventories of furniture, in succession, dots or pain. The many nuances of the word 'inventory' given by dictionaries — whether in civil, commercial, administrative or property law — all refer to an enumeration, ...

Diplomatic assurances are promises which purport to manage the tension between the need for national security and the human rights obligations not to send individuals to countries where they would be at risk of torture. This article looks at how and why diplomatic assurances have become a part of policy efforts to make counterterrorism human rights compliant and as part of a wider strategy for drawing a line under the damaging legacy of the 'war on terror'. This positive gloss on the use of diplomatic assurances is, however, in contrast to the worries motivating human rights advocates which centre on the implications for the global anti-torture regime. Behind the doubts surrounding diplomatic assurances is a wider concern, centred on whether the past architects of the war on terror can be trusted to progressively develop the rules and norms governing this domain. (International Affairs (Oxford) / SWP)