Suchergebnisse

AbstractRural areas become central sites for the development of the post‐carbon transition, yet this is a highly contested and contingent process whereby neo‐liberal models of development and framings compete with the emergence of the alternative circular eco‐economy. The article argues for a grounded conceptual and empirical approach in tracing this overall process of sustainable place‐making. It explores three key highly contested dimensions: reflexive governance, distributed eco‐economies, and re‐financialisation, arguing that such explorations are critical in developing more sustainable rural‐urban functionalities for the necessary post‐ carbon and post‐neoliberal transition.

Abstract. The Vision of the Eco-Bio-Economy is to sustain development of the humankind welfare in all forms, through an economy of future dedicated to human life through the rational use of the environmental resources. The present work attempts to discuss the issues that humanity faces at the beginning of a new global economic paradigm. The minimum point of the financial crisis started in 2008 meets the final years of the decline phase of the long term global economic cycle. The feeling is one of lack of vision on the part of Governments, of improvisation, of passive reaction, such as seeing and doing. One feels that the economic context is worn out , dysfunctional because of deep recovery problems. The perception, not far from the taugh reality, is that of a national competition meant to minimize losses caused by the financial crisis and to use beggar thy neighbor types of policies, similar to finding the way out of the crisis on the expense of others.

The main target of this article is to determine the role of eco tax in the structure of GDP formation, and the importance of eco taxation for fiscal policy realization. Comparative analysis and other approaches were used for this. The author offers to consider the positive experience of EU countries in formation of efficient eco taxation model. The article analyses data characterizing eco tax incomes of EU countries in 2008–2015. The most important aspects of eco taxation realization in EU countries are analyzed, since eco taxes are part of fiscal policy programs aimed to convince society in urgent necessity to make the economy eco-oriented. The article offers complex analysis of environmental pollution and resources taxes structuring. System approach determines the influence of energy and transport taxes on long-term development of eco energy and eco vehicles. Eco taxation partially depends on proper administration which includes determination of contamination level, tax fees, and their ability to react quickly on ecological and economic changes. Eco tax must correspond to the level of environmental impact. Eco tax incomes are used with different purposes, but compensation of tax incentives are their primary function. Compensation of tax incentives is used to conduct eco tax reform. The key element of stable development of European countries is realization of innovative ecological policy, economic policy, and eco labor tax reform, all directed on environmental protection. ; Основні завдання статті – визначення ролі екологічних податків у структурі формування ВВП і значення екологічного оподаткування для реалізації сукупної фіскальної політики. Для цього використано комплексні підходи й методики, у тому числі порівняльний аналіз. Запропоновано вивчати та, за можливості, упроваджувати досвід країн Європейського Союзу стосовно формування сучасної та ефективної моделі екологічного оподаткування. Проведено комплексний аналіз показників, що характеризують динаміку надходжень від екологічних податків у країнах Європейського Союзу у 2008–2015 рр. Визначено найбільш широкі аспекти реалізації екологічного оподаткування в країнах Європи. Адже екологічні податки є невід'ємною частиною програм з реалізації фіскальної політики, яка повинна переконати суспільство в необхідності якнайшвидшої екологізації економіки. У статті реалізовано комплексний аналіз структуризації екологічних податків і забруднення навколишнього середовища й використання природних ресурсів, застосовано системний підхід, що визначає вплив енергетичних і транспортних податків на розвиток у довгостроковій перспективі альтернативної енергетики й виробництва екологічних та енергозберігальних транспортних засобів. Ключовим моментом для сталого розвитку європейських держав є реалізація інноваційної еколого-економічної політики та екотрудової податкової реформи, які спрямовані на збереження навколишнього середовища

The only exit from the 'polycrisis' is a corridor of sufficiency between meeting need and avoiding excess.

The aim of this article has been to provide an insight into Croatian waste tyres market, which is assumed to be the source of significant eco-innovation. At the outset, the analysis of relevant literature has been done regarding the circular economy and eco-innovations. The empirical part of the study used the Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats method in order to determine the perspective of the main market stakeholders. In the course of the SWOT method conducting, an in-depth interview was organized with managers of the only authorized mechanical recycling company in Croatia and an on-line questionnaire was used to learn about thinking and attitudes of other ELT market stakeholders in Croatia – representatives of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Energy, Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund, Agency for the Environment and the Nature, authorized ELT collectors, Croatian scholars involved in previous waste rubber scientific studies as well as representatives of companies either using or selling rubber recyclate. Additionally, comparison to the European context has been conducted. Findings suggest that Croatian legislation and practice follow European trends: collection rate of waste tyres is near 100 %, and the total collected amount is being recycled – 83 % as the secondary raw material and 17 % as energy recovery. However, situational analysis detected that underdeveloped industrial production hinders seizing the full potential of produced raw material, thus missing the opportunity of generating the higher added value for the domestic economy. Consequently, Croatia's Eco Innovation Index was by 28 % lower than the EU average in 2017.