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The article is devoted to the study of the problems associated with the manifestations of environmental terrorism and the factors leading to its occurrence. The article highlights peculiarities of understanding its essence. Radical illegal actions by the greenies have led to the fact that among the existing approaches to the definition of environmental terrorism there is a terminological problem, which is associated with a different understanding of its interpretation. Modern authors define ecoterrorism as radical actions by the green (environmentalists), and as deliberate large-scale pollution of the environment. The article highlights the theoretical foundations of ecoterrorism and ecoanarchism, analyzes the terrorist acts by the green radicals, the history and development trends of the Green political parties

The footprint of human advancement has accelerated a climate variability with no precedents, further driving devastating natural and social events. The decrease in basic resources like water, has already been identified as a driver of violent conflicts, which have given way to the strengthening of terrorist organizations that used the environment as a tool of coercion. The damage caused to the earth's ecosystem has additionally raised a wave of defensive activism that was initially considered as eco-terrorism. While the original eco-movements had not induced fatalities, recent extremist organizations are showing a more violent anti-progress and pro-environment agenda. Added to these, the response of the states against environmental activism initiatives, has spiked some concerns over the repression of civil liberties, which may have the potential to fuel the angering of extreme individuals, who can be prompted to take radicalized action. Using open source data, this article shows that environmental terrorism represents an increasing security threat, which in the future, might be worsened by the individual radicalization of marginalized environmental extremists.

Examines the use of criminal violence to promote environmental causes; discusses terrorist groups and tactics; US, chiefly. Reviews the nature and history of environmental terrorism, and the philosophical justifications of its perpetrators; case studies of Greenpeace, Sea Shepherds, Orcaforce, Earth First!, Dark Harvest, and other groups.

Radical environmental groups engaged in ecotage—or economic sabotage of inanimate objects thought to be complicit in environmental destruction—have been identified as the leading domestic terrorist threat in the post-9/11 "war on terror." This article examines the case for extending the conventional definition of terrorism to include attacks not only against noncombatants, but also against inanimate objects, and surveys proposed moral limits suggested by proponents of ecotage. Rejecting the mistaken association between genuine acts of terrorism and ecotage, it considers the proper moral constraints upon ecotage through an examination of just war theory and nonviolent civil disobedience.