Suchergebnisse

The present paper aims to present the rivalry of global and regional capitalist powers for political, strategic, diplomatic, and economic influences in the contemporary Republic of Uzbekistan. The modern history and the contemporary political situation of the Uzbek state are the most important points of issue. After years of international isolation and etatist social and economic policy, under the new political leadership Uzbekistan implements economic transformation in the spirit of neo-liberal capitalism and it opens itself towards different forms of international cooperation and foreign investments. As a result, a Central Asian country which was isolated until recently gradually becomes an object of rivalry for economic and geopolitical influences. So far Uzbekistan has not become a satellite state or a quasi-colony of any of the powers. The multi-vector policy pursued by the political environment of Shavkat Mirziyoyev seems so far to successfully prevent the country being dominated by any outside center. The present article brings up the subject of relations of Uzbekistan with four great powers: the United States of America, the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China, and the Republic of Turkey.

The concepts of social capital are important in improving the quality of life. However, the effects of social capital accumulated in the economic, social and political spheres can be both positive and negative. Article brings the specificity of trust as a key variety of social capital and it's status among the Poles. Indicated are also differences between the suspicion, mistrust and functional substitutes for trust. The whole is complemented by breakdown of bottom-up methods of social capital building.

Economic history is an interdisciplinary science, developing in the contact between history and economics, although this kind of studies often needs to refer to the achievements of other disciplines. In the economic history research it seems to be inspiring to use for example economic methods. The aim of this article is to present the results of statistical analysis which was about selected aspects of the Polish foreign trade in the interwar period. The data are obtained from 'The Small Statistical Yearbook' for years 1930–1939 and cover the period 1922–1939. The tests were conducted using statistical program 'Gretl' and the results were confronted with the selected literature. The analysis concerned the following dependences: import and export in Poland; import and domestic trade turnover in Poland; export and domestic trade turnover in Poland; Polish global import and import through the port of Gdynia; Polish global import and import through the port of Gdansk; Polish global export and export through the port of Gdynia; Polish global export and export through the port of Gdansk. There were also researched: the share of import through the ports of Gdynia and Gdansk in Polish global import, the share of export through the ports of Gdynia and Gdansk in Polish global export, the commodity composition of Polish import and export. For that purpose there were constructed the simple econometric models, based on the method, which is Pearson correlation coefficient. There were used basic descriptive statistics (arithmetic mean and median) and constructed the corresponding graphs and tables.