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A collection of miscellaneous pamphlets. ; American iron and steel association. The question of tariff revision . 1885. -- Behrendt, R. F. W. . Inter-American economic relations . 1948. -- Ely, G. H. The iron ore production of the United States . 1885. -- Farley, M. S. America's economic stake in the Far East . 1941. -- Keynes, J. M. The means to prosperity . 1933. -- Lightfoot, J. H. The development of fundamental principles involved in the patent system and their relation to the examination of applications for letters patent . 1916. -- Lovett, R. M. The middle class and organized labor . 1940. -- National association of wool manufacturers. The woolen tariff defended and explained . 1886. -- National wholesale druggists' association. Committee on legislation. Alcohol used in medicine, in the arts, and for manufacturing purposes should be free of tax . 187-? -- Pittsburgh. University. Institute of business and economic democracy . 1944. -- U. S. National resources planning board. Demobilization and readjustment . 1943. -- Wolfson, T. Industrial unionism in the American labor movement . 1937. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 2

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The first chapter of my dissertation uses a competition framework to reexamine the U.S. railway expansion from 1870 to 1890. Do reductions in trade costs increase the income levels of trading regions? The answer of most theoretical trade models is yes, and these models are used by policy-makers to justify investments in new transportation infrastructure to reduce trade costs. I reexamine this question by investigating the impact of the U.S. railway expansion from 1870 to 1890 on county economic growth. My main insight is that while the construction of a new transportation network can benefit a location by increasing producers' access to markets, it also can hurt a location by giving other locations a competitive edge. I derive and test empirically testable implications of the joint effects of market access and competition on economic outcomes from a multisector trade model. I find that on average more than 50% of the benefit of market access is offset by the negative effects of competition. Overall, I find that the expansion of railways increased agricultural land values by 20% to 40%, thus implying that railways explain 1% to 2% of 1890 GNP. My estimates of the impact of railways on American economic growth are lower than those of Donaldson and Hornbeck (2016) and closer to those of Fogel (1964).In the second chapter I study the effects of sector-specific productivity shocks on the distribution of production. The general-equilibrium trade model implies that the production in a certain location depends not only on its own productivity shocks but also on productivity shocks in competing locations. I derive several testable implications of the joint effects of one location's own productivity shock and productivity shocks in competing locations on the location's production. I test these implications by investigating the impact of the boll weevil in the early 20th century United States on the cotton belt's cotton acreage. I find (1) when few lands in the cotton belt were infested by the boll weevil, the presence of the boll weevil decreased the infested county's cotton acreage; (2) as the boll weevil expanded to more lands, the infested county's cotton acreage would gradually recover; (3) as the boll weevil expanded to more lands, cotton acreage in uninfested counties would increase. The movement of other economic outcomes which closely associated with the cotton production (such as corn acreage, total farm acreage, agricultural land value, population, and the tenancy system) mirrored the movement of the cotton acreage. My findings are in line with the argument that the boll weevil caused the internal shift in the cotton belt but rarely changed the whole cotton belt.In the third chapter, coauthored with Ming Gu, we discuss the long-run effects of the propaganda by the central government on people's preference formation. This link is taken as given but never proved in the previous literature. This paper examines the impact of government propaganda on people's attitudes towards gender equality in China, which imposes strict media censorship, advocates gender equality, and experiences growth in female labor participation. We find the high propaganda intensity would lead to progressive gender-related attitudes in female labor participation, but also conservative attitudes in housework share. It is consistent with the context of gender equality propaganda in China. Propaganda has larger positive effects on women than men. Women were affected in the age range between 0-25, while men were affected in the age range between 0-17. Propaganda also reduced boy preference for both men and women at the age range between 18-25, the marriage age and childbearing age of most Chinese.

This paper compares the Cliometric Revolution, which transformed economic history in the 1960s, with the current developments in the field with a quantitative analysis based on two databases, totalling more than 3,500 articles. We show that the share of Cliometric articles in the top three economic history journals increased from 1958 to 2000 more slowly than some ex-post narratives lead to believe. We outline the developments from 2001 to 2019 by looking at economic history articles published in the top five field economic history journals and in thirteen prominent economics journals. Most articles in these latter deal with economics of the past ('traditional cliometric'), but quite a few put forward a revolutionary change in the research questions. The 'persistence studies' (PS) look for the historical origins of current outcomes, the 'non-economic outcomes studies' (NEOS) extend the issues well beyond the traditional boundaries of economics, towards sociology, anthropology and above all political science. This Second Revolution was started by young economists who published in some of the top economics journals following the seminal article by Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2001). We show that some PS have had on average a huge impact in terms of citations and that they have been more successful than the NEOS. We conclude with some musings about the future of economic history. There might be a new synthesis, with scholars integrating a wider range of research questions, 'traditional cliometric', PS and NEOS. Or perhaps the field will splinter in three independent research streams.

This paper surveys the recent social science literature on religion in economic history, covering both socioeconomic causes and consequences of religion. Following the rapidly growing literature, it focuses on the three main monotheisms—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam—and on the period up to WWII. Works on Judaism address Jewish occupational specialization, human capital, emancipation, and the causes and consequences of Jewish persecution. One set of papers on Christianity studies the role of the Catholic Church in European economic history since the medieval period. Taking advantage of newly digitized data and advanced econometric techniques, the voluminous literature on the Protestant Reformation studies its socioeconomic causes as well as its consequences for human capital, secularization, political change, technology diffusion, and social outcomes. Works on missionaries show that early access to Christian missions still has political, educational, and economic consequences in present-day Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Much of the economics of Islam focuses on the role that Islam and Islamic institutions played in political-economy outcomes and in the "long divergence" between the Middle East and Western Europe. Finally, cross-country analyses seek to understand the broader determinants of religious practice and its various effects across the world. We highlight three general insights that emerge from this literature. First, the monotheistic character of the Abrahamic religions facilitated a close historical interconnection of religion with political power and conflict. Second, human capital often played a leading role in the interconnection between religion and economic history. Third, many socioeconomic factors matter in the historical development of religions.

This chapter surveys the recent social science literature on religion in economic history, covering both socioeconomic causes and consequences of religion. Following the rapidly growing literature, it focuses on the three main monotheisms—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam—and on the period up to WWII. Works on Judaism address Jewish occupational specialization, human capital, emancipation, and the causes and consequences of Jewish persecution. One set of papers on Christianity studies the role of the Catholic Church in European economic history since the medieval period. Taking advantage of newly digitized data and advanced econometric techniques, the voluminous literature on the Protestant Reformation studies its socioeconomic causes as well as its consequences for human capital, secularization, political change, technology diffusion, and social outcomes. Works on missionaries show that early access to Christian missions still has political, educational, and economic consequences in present-day Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Much of the economics of Islam focuses on the role that Islam and Islamic institutions played in political-economy outcomes and in the "long divergence" between the Middle East and Western Europe. Finally, cross-country analyses seek to understand the broader determinants of religious practice and its various effects across the world. We highlight three general insights that emerge from this literature. First, the monotheistic character of the Abrahamic religions facilitated a close historical interconnection of religion with political power and conflict. Second, human capital often played a leading role in the interconnection between religion and economic history. Third, many socioeconomic factors matter in the historical development of religions.

This paper contributes to the debate on institutions and economic development by assessing the relationship between landownership concentration and education in Post-Unification Italy (1871-1921). Using historical data both at a district- and provincelevel, I nd evidence of a negative eect of land inequality on literacy rates. This result is conrmed when a large set of control variables is included in the analysis. IV estimates using the presence of malaria as a source of exogenous variation rule out further concerns regarding the presence of potential endogeneity. Further evidence is provided once I explore the panel dimension of the dataset. In addition, by analysing the impact on intermediate outputs such as enrolment rates in primary school, child-teacher ratio, school density, child labor and municipality expenditures, this paper provides insights on the mechanism behind this relationship. Land inequality may have adversely aected literacy rates not only by influencing the supply of schooling through the political process, but also through the private demand for education.

The industrialization which started in 1953 had been completely disrupted by the chronic civil war and closed-door policy of successive communism/socialism regimes. Since 1993 Cambodia has embraced a market economy heavily dependent on foreign capital and foreign markets. As a result, the economy has experienced high economic growth rate yet with low linkage to domestic economy. The government's Rice Export Policy introduced in 2010 to diversify its economy, maximize its value added and job creation was highly evaluated to bring those benefits under the environment of weak governance. Whether similar kind of such a policy for other sectors is successful remains to be seen.

This book is about the evolution of the Portuguese economy during the course of eight centuries, from the foundation of the kingdom, in 1143, when political boundaries began to take shape in the midst of the Christian Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula, to the integration of the nation in the European Communities and the Economic and Monetary Union. While the economy we are interested in responded to external influences across the land and sea borders, its activity also exerted influence on events occurring elsewhere.

The paper recalls the long history of colonial exclusion of African perspectives from economic history. The struggle for the recognition of local perspectives is not only part of the fight for democracy, but essential precondition for science to overcome power related distortions of truth.

While colonization, protracted war and violent revolution are commonly blamed for Cambodia's failure to modernize its economy in the twentieth century, Margaret Slocomb's Economic History of Cambodia in the Twentieth Century questions whether these circumstances changed the underlying structures and relations of production. She also asks whether economic factors in some way instigated war and revolution. In exploring these issues, the book tracks the erratic path taken by Cambodia's political elite and colonial rulers to develop a national economy. The book closes around 2005, by which time Cambodia had be reintegrated into both the regional and into the global economy as a fully-fledged member of the World Trade Organization. Drawing on resources from the State Archives of Cambodia, this book is relevant to investors, aid workers and development specialists seeking to understand the shift from a traditional to a modern market economy.

Sciences Po Economics Discussion Papers Macroeconomic analysis is not just a game of equations; it is a narrative of the real. We argue in this article for a re-evaluation of the importance of narratives. Because each financial crisis is a unique event, the narrative is the natural form of analysis. In addition, the effects of economic policies can no longer be analysed independently of the narratives appropriated by economic agents (Schiller, 2017) and policy makers (Friedman and Schwartz, 1963). There is a twofold value in adding the historical dimension. Economic history is instructive by multiplying case studies, i.e. by increasing the variety of policy successes and failures analysed. History also loosens the shackles of our preconceptions, since comparing the past and present calls into question the exceptional nature of what we are living.

Hicks's contribution to economic scholarship covers a range of perspectives that is seldom found in the lifework of an individual researcher.

PROMARKET has launched a new Economic History series. Stefan Kolev's fabulous first article of the series discusses "The Ordoliberal Quest for a Privilege-Free Order". Reading recommendation!