Pakistan: Economic recession
In: The round table: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, Band 43, Heft 169-172, S. 77-82
ISSN: 1474-029X
9216 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: The round table: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, Band 43, Heft 169-172, S. 77-82
ISSN: 1474-029X
In: ESADE Business School Research Paper No. 240
SSRN
Working paper
In: World Economy and International Relations, Heft 10, S. 142-148
In: Discussion paper 43/2013
We propose a nonparametric test that distinguishes "depressions" and "booms" from ordinary recessions and expansions. Depressions and booms are defined as coming from another underlying process than recessions and expansions. We find four depressions and booms in the NBER business cycle between 1919 and 2009, including the Great Depression and the World War II boom. Our results suggest that the recent Great Recession does not qualify as a depression. Multinomial logistic regressions show that stock returns, output growth, and inflation exhibit predictive power for depressions. Surprisingly, the term spread is not a leading indicator of depressions, in contrast to recessions.
In: Challenge: the magazine of economic affairs, Band 34, Heft 2, S. 58-59
ISSN: 1558-1489
In: Peace research abstracts journal, Band 38, Heft 6, S. 785
ISSN: 0031-3599
In: Bundesbank Discussion Paper No. 43/2013
SSRN
Cognitive metaphor analysts comprehend metaphor as a convenient way of not only talking about real life events but also thinking about them: connecting ideas, explaining abstract ideas that are difficult to grasp, conveying messages and emotions, etc. Thus, metaphor in real-world discourse is increasingly becoming the focus of many cognitive studies. In political discourse, metaphor is seen as an ideological tool of deliberate attempts to influence, persuade and manipulate people. As Charteris-Black (2005: 16) put it, politicians try to establish themselves in a positive light or legitimize themselves, i.e., by presenting evidence that they are charismatic leaders who are capable of running their country efficiently. Legitimization goes hand in hand with delegitimization, i.e., negative other-presentation. Metaphor as a cognitive mechanism of ideology may serve both as positive self-representation and as a tool for fault-finding in others. Thus, the study focuses on how three Lithuanian socio-political groups (the leading party, the opposition, and the media) legitimize themselves and delegitimize their opponents by using force metaphors to conceptualize the worldwide economic recession. The findings indicate that although the same conceptual metaphor is used for legitimization and delegitimization, its fulfilment scenario appears to be markedly different and it carries different rhetorical implications in the three discourses. ; Kognityvinės metaforos tyrėjai suvokia metaforą ne tik kaip galimybę kalbėti apie gyvenimo įvykius, bet ir kaip mąstymo būdą: idėjų jungimą, abstrakčių ir sudėtingų minčių paaiškinimą, informacijos ir emocijų perteikimą, t.t. Metafora – itin populiarus kognityvinių tyrimų objektas. Politiniame diskurse metafora suvokiama kaip ideologinė priemonė, kuria siekiama paveikti, įtikinti ir manipuliuoti žmonėmis. Pasak J. Charteriso Blacko, politikai stengiasi parodyti save itin teigiamai, t. y. legitimizuotis įrodymais, atskleidžiančiais jų lyderiavimo charizmatiškumą, gebėjimus tinkamai valdyti šalį. Legitimizacija yra neatsiejama nuo delegitimizacijos, t. y. neigiamo "kito" pristatymo. Tad pagrindinė metaforos, kognityvinio ideologijos mechanizmo, funkcija yra savęs teigiamas parodymas, o kitų – neigiamas. Straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip, konceptualizuojant pasaulinę ekonominę krizę, trys Lietuvos sociopolitinės grupės (valdančioji partija, opozicija ir žiniasklaida) legitimizuoja save ir delegitimizuoja oponentus naudodami jėgos metaforą. Tyrimas rodo, kad ta pačia konceptualiąja metafora grindžiama ir legitimizacija, ir delegitimizacija. Tačiau metaforos veikimo scenarijus skirtingas, skiriasi trijų sociopolitinių grupių diskursų retorinės implikacijos.
BASE
In: GIGA Focus Nahost, Band 8
"Seit einiger Zeit häufen sich Medienberichte und Erklärungen verschiedener in den Besetzten Gebieten tätiger internationaler Hilfsorganisationen, dass den Menschen im Gaza-Streifen eine humanitäre Katastrophe drohe. Am 27. Juni 2006 startete die israelische Armee mit mehreren Luftangriffen eine umfangreiche Militäroffensive gegen den Gaza-Streifen. Den folgenden Einmarsch der israelischen Armee nach ihrem einseitigen Abzug aus Gaza im September 2005 rechtfertigte die israelische Führung als Reaktion auf den Überfall palästinensischer Milizionäre auf einen Vorposten der Armee, bei dem zwei Soldaten getötet wurden und ein weiterer entführt wurde. Einige Monate vorher war als Reaktion auf den Wahlsieg der radikalislamischen Hamas ein wirtschaftlicher Boykott gegen die Palästinensische Autonomiebehörde (PA) verhängt worden. Ende Mai 2006 startete das Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) der Vereinten Nationen einen Spendenaufruf für zusätzliche Mittel, da bereits zu diesem Zeitpunkt fast 80% der Bevölkerung in Gaza unterhalb der Armutsgrenze lebten. Nach Angaben der Weltbank setzte die gegenwärtige wirtschaftliche Rezession in den Besetzten Gebieten mit dem Ausbruch der zweiten oder Al-Aqsa-Intifada im September 2000 ein. Mit dem Boykott wurde die PA durch die Aussetzung der israelischen Ausgleichszahlungen und internationalen Hilfen in eine nie dagewesene Haushaltskrise gestürzt. Selbst unter der Annahme, dass die israelischen Steuertransfers und internationalen Budgethilfen aufrechterhalten würden, bliebe die palästinensische Wirtschaft in einer Rezession gefangen. Damit in Verbindung stünde unvermeidlich der weitere Anstieg von Armut, Arbeitslosigkeit und Abhängigkeit von internationalen Hilfen. Der einseitige israelische 'Abkoppelungsplan', der in einer revidierten Fassung im Juni 2004 vom israelischen Kabinett verabschiedet wurde, weist keinen Weg aus dem Dilemma. Bei genauerem Hinsehen stellt der Plan keine substanzielle Verbesserung oder Lockerung der restriktiven Rahmenbedingungen in Aussicht, denen die palästinensische Ökonomie seit langer Zeit ausgesetzt ist." (Autorenreferat)
In: West European politics, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 158-174
ISSN: 0140-2382
In: Estudios económicos, Band 37, Heft 75, S. 139-147
ISSN: 2525-1295
This paper is interested to introduce a new macroeconomic indicator to evaluate the impact of any massive pandemic such as COVID-19 on the world economy performance in the short run (1 year) and long run (10 years). The new macroeconomic indicator is entitled "The Economic Uncontrolled Desgrowth from COVID-19 (-δCOVID-19)." In fact, the new macroeconomic indicator assumes that always COVID-19 is going to be the major factor to generate a large economic leakage on the final GDP formation anytime and anywhere. Additionally, the same paper is willing to evaluate two post-COVID-19 possible scenarios. The first scenario: if COVID-19 is going to generate a short economic recession, then the world economy gross domestic product can delay between two and three years. The second scenario: if COVID-19 is going to produce a large economic depression, then the world economy gross domestic product can take easily between five and ten years such as the case of the world great depression of 1928. From now, the economists need to decide between two possible choices to solve these two types of economic crisis (recession or depression): The first choice is the uses of the classical economic policies –fiscal or monetary- from past experiences (Keynesians and Monetarists). The second choice is the creation of new and innovative polices approaches to reduce the COVID-19 damage under the support of new theoretical and methodological approaches.
In: Families in society: the journal of contemporary human services, Band 93, Heft 1, S. 5-10
ISSN: 1945-1350
This study examines trends in private charitable giving over the past 40 years—a period that includes 7 official recessions. These data suggest that Americans have historically remained consistent in their charitable giving during recessions, although giving has declined during the Great Recession years. By some measures, Americans appear to have become markedly more generous since the early 1990s. Common feelings of scarcity in funding among human services leaders are not unfounded, though, even prior to recent years. Charitable giving dollars—and indeed total revenue dollars—per human services organization have fallen, as growth in the number of agencies has outpaced the substantial growth in revenue sources.
In: East Asian Policy, Band 8, Heft 1, S. 128-143
ISSN: 2251-3175
Taiwan experienced a sharp deceleration in economic growth in the second quarter of 2015. If Taiwan's exports continue to deteriorate, Taiwan would have to struggle to maintain a one per cent growth rate. Taiwan's economic conundrums mainly lie with its deteriorating industrial structure. Without deepening industrial structural upgrades and reforms in the information and communications technology sector in particular, Taiwan will lose its international competitive advantage.
In: Estudios Económicos 37(75):139-147 (2020)
SSRN