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Notably, this field has been challenged by women's studies and gender research. However, research carried out in the 1990s has shown that gender equality must let itself be challenged by the differences between the Nordic countries. Similarly, issues of equality are highlighted when theories of diversity are brought into play, and when comparisons are made between, for instance, a Nordic country and Australia

This book focuses on the relationship between private and public education in a comparative context. The contributors emphasize the relationship between private choices and public policy as they affect the division of labor between public and private non-profit schools, colleges, and universities. Their essays examine the kinds of choices offered by each sector, as well as the effects of present and proposed public policies on the intersectoral division of labor. Written from neither a pro-private nor a pro-public point of view, the contributors point to the ways in which they believe one sect

Possible Futures of European Education -- 1. On General Problems of Social Forecasts -- 2. Forecasts of Educational Expenditures in Fourteen European Countries and the United States -- 3. A Systems Prognostication of the European Social System -- 4. On a Theory of Education -- 5. Trends in the System's Development -- 6. Summary -- How Should the Future be Studied? -- Social and Cultural Futures in Western Europe a Framework for Analysis -- 1. Social Change or Continuity — Problems in Social and Cultural Futures -- 2. A sociological framework for Hypothetical Futures -- 3. The dynamics of social Change and Discontinuity -- 4. Emerging European Futures — The Basic Qualitative Dilemma -- Biographical Notes.

I Structural and Educational Developments in the Primary School -- 1. Aims of Education -- 2. Innovations in the Structures of Primary Education -- 3. Progress in Educational Psychology -- 4. Personality, Family and Social Factors of Achievement -- II The Curriculum in the Primary School -- 5. Mathematics -- 6. Social Studies -- 7. Artistic and Creative Activity -- Biographical Notes.