Suchergebnisse

Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazuju da suradnja u istraživanjima između znanosti i industrije može biti snažan izvor inovacija i čimbenik koji pridonosi uspješnosti u inovacijama i ekonomskom rastu. Iako brojne mjere javnih politika i inicijative potiču zajednička istraživanja akademske zajednice i industrije, njihov potencijal još nije primjereno iskorišten. Ovaj rad daje pregled postojeće literature o suradnji u istraživanju između znanosti i industrije. Rad analizira i diskutira motive i druge čimbenike koji utječu na suradnju i identificira ograničenja zajedničkom istraživanju s aspekta poduzeća i javnih istraživačkih institucija. Na temelju pregleda literature izvode se preporuke za inovacijske politike. ; Existing research indicates that science-industry collaborative research might be a powerful source of innovation and an important factor of high innovation performance and economic growth. Although a number of public policy initiatives promote collaborative research, its potential is still not being adequately reached. This paper presents a review of existing literature on science-industry collaborative research. It elaborates and discusses motives and determinants of collaborative research, and identifies obstacles to joint science-industry research, from both the companies' and public research organizations' perspective. Based on the literature review, the paper provides recommendations for innovation policies.

Prilikom programiranja OPULJP-a u okviru operativne osi Dobro upravljanje uočene su slabosti OCD-a u pogledu njihovih kapaciteta. Kao problemi navode se "slabi kapaciteti organizacija civilnog društva za učinkoviti dijalog i partnerstvo s javnom upravom u oblikovanju i provođenju reformi. Organizacijama civilnog društva nedostaje ljudskih i financijskih resursa, vještina za učinkovitu analizu politika, praćenje i evaluaciju sektorskih reformi, kapaciteta za ponovno korištenje podataka u javnom sektoru te u angažiranju građana u oblikovanju i provedbi javnih politika" (OPULJP: 135). Stoga je u okviru investicijskog prioriteta 11ii uvršten specifični cilj 1 Razvoj kapaciteta organizacija civilnog društva, osobito udruga i socijalnih partnera, te jačanje civilnog i socijalnog dijaloga radi boljeg upravljanja. U istu svrhu planirana je alokacija u visi od 81.300.000 eura. Navedenim sredstvima trebali bi se financirati: a) Aktivnosti potpore lokalnim organizacijama civilnog društva, b) Transparentnost i aktivno građanstvo, c) Obrazovanje, d) Aktivnosti OCD-a u borbi protiv korupcije i borbi protiv diskriminacije, e) Dijalog, partnerstva i izgradnja kapaciteta socijalnih partnera. Ovaj se rad bavi analizom prethodno navedenog investicijskog prioriteta za razdoblje 2014–2020. godine i specifičnog cilja koji se odnosi na jačanje kapaciteta OCD-a. Rad uključuje analizu stanja i potreba OCD-a u Republici Hrvatskoj, opis strukture tijela u sustavu upravljanja ESF-a u okviru operativne osi Dobro upravljanje, analizu najave i objave natječaja u okviru Investicijskog cilja 11ii, Specifični cilj 11.ii.1. i ugovaranja projekata u njezinu okviru. ; Weaknesses of CSOs in terms of their capacities were noticed during the programming of the OPHRP within the operational axis Good Governance. Problems include "weak capacities of civil society organizations for effective dialogue and partnership with public administration in shaping and implementing reforms. Civil society organizations lack human and financial resources, skills for ...

Cilj je ovoga rada raščlaniti razloge koji ukazuju na potrebu donošenja kodificiranih pravila upravnoga postupka u pravu Unije te ocijeniti kvalitetu predloženih rješenja. U ovome radu najprije se nastoji odgovoriti na pitanje postoji li u Europskoj uniji potreba za kodificiranjem pravila upravnoga postupka. To se čini analizom nekih njezinih propisa, ali i stajališta iznesenih u znanstvenoj i stručnoj literaturi. Ukazuje se na dosadašnje "kodifikacijske neuspjehe" te se kratko prikazuje geneza donošenja i danas aktualnoga prijedloga Uredbe o otvorenoj, učinkovitoj i neovisnoj upravi Europske unije. Zatim se analiziraju ciljevi ovoga prijedloga propisa i u njemu sadržana rješenja. Ona se uspoređuju s aktualnim rješenjima sadržanima u hrvatskom pravnom sustavu i pravnim sustavima nekih država članica Unije, kako bi se utvrdilo hoće li eventualno usvajanje predložene uredbe u praksi zahtijevati značajnije odstupanje u radu institucija, tijela, ureda i agencija Unije od pravila vođenja upravnoga postupka uvriježenih u nacionalnim pravnim sustavima država članica. Time se ukazuje na neke prednosti, ali i nedostatke predloženoga teksta. Konačno, zaključuje se hoće li Unija eventualnom predloženom "kodifikacijom" stvoriti nove pravne režime ili će se zadovoljiti zakonskim utvrđenjem već postojećih pravila u okviru jednoga propisa. ; The aim of this paper is to analyse reasons pointing out the need to codify the rules for administrative procedure in EU law and to assess the quality of suggested solutions. Firstly, an attempt is made to answer the question of whether the European Union needs to codify rules of administrative procedure. This is done by analysing some of its regulations as well as the views purported in scientific and professional literature. The "codification failures" to date are pointed out and the genesis of passing the today still current proposed "Regulations on open, effective and independent European Union Administration". Then, the aims of this proposed regulation and its contained solutions are ...

Cordyceps militaris, ljekovita i jestiva gljiva, korištena je za fermentaciju na čvrstoj podlozi od heljde i prirodne riže. Svrha je istraživanja bila ispitati utjecaj ultraljubičastih B (UVB) zraka na udjele vitamina D2 i biološki aktivnih tvari te antioksidacijska svojstva heljde i prirodne riže tijekom fermentacije na čvrstoj podlozi s pomoću C. militaris. Ozračeni uzorci fermentirane heljde i prirodne riže imali su znatno veći udjel vitamina D2, i to od 0-0.3 do 1.18-16.79 μg/g, dok je u svježoj prirodnoj riži udjel vitamina D2 nakon fermentacije bio 16.79 μg/g. Udjeli adenozina, kordicepina i polisaharida u ozračenim sušenim uzorcima fermentiranim s pomoću C. militaris bili su od 0.08 do 11.5 mg/g, odnosno veći nego u svježim uzorcima fermentiranim s pomoću C. militaris (0.07–8.40 mg/g). Uzorci fermentirani s pomoću C. militaris imali su manje vrijednosti EC50 i veći udjel antioksidansa od nefermentiranih uzoraka. Nakon fermentacije na čvrstoj podlozi i zračenja UVB svjetlom, smanjili su se udjeli biološki aktivnih i antioksidacijskih sastojaka te antioksidacijska svojstva uzorka. No, usprkos tome, količina navedenih komponenata bila je dostatna. ; Cordyceps militaris, a medicinal and edible mushroom, was used to ferment buckwheat and embryo rice by solid-state fermentation (SSF). Our aim was to investigate the effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) light irradiation on the content of vitamin D2 and biologically effective components, and antioxidant properties of buckwheat and embryo rice in SSF with C. militaris. Irradiated samples of buckwheat and embryo rice fermented by C. militaris had significantly increased vitamin D2 content, from 0-0.3 to 1.18-16.79 μg/g, while the increase in fresh embryo rice fermented by C. militaris was up to 16.79 μg/g. The content of adenosine, cordycepin and polysaccharide in irradiated dry samples fermented by C. militaris was 0.08 to 11.15 mg/g, higher than that of the irradiated fresh samples fermented by C. militaris (0.07–8.40 mg/g). Samples fermented by C. militaris had lower EC50 values and higher content of antioxidants than did unfermented samples. When the solid-state fermented sample was irradiated with UVB light, the content of biologically effective and antioxidant components and antioxidant property of sample decreased. However, it still contained enough of these biologically effective and antioxidant components.

The author shows why Gray's modus vivendi tolerance has not been particularly effective in designing stable global governance. The essay is divided into two parts. The first part describes Gray's link between globalization & tolerance, & the second presents Barry's disproof of Hobbesian justice as mutual utility, & Barry's criticism of Locke's argument for tolerance. The author uses Barry's theoretical maneuvers to show why he does not find Gray's solution particularly convincing. Although he accepts Gray's idea of pluralism derived from incommensurability, the author is of the opinion that it does not exclude a possibility of a supracultural pursuit of a consensus on how the planet ought to be governed to the benefit of all. 4 References. Adapted from the source document.

U ovome radu istražujemo utjecaj makroekonomskih politika na prerađivačku industriju u Hrvatskoj. Koristeći model višestruke regresije, ispitujemo kako osobna potrošnja, investicije, kamatne stope, realni efektivni tečaj, državna potrošnja, fiskalni deficit te inozemna potražnja utječu na proizvodnju 22 prerađivačka sektora. Analiza je provedena na tromjesečnim podacima za razdoblje od prvoga tromjesečja 1998. do trećega tromjesečja 2008. godine. Rezultati pokazuju da su prerađivački sektori s niskim razinama tehnologije pod snažnijim utjecajem promjena fiskalne politike, realnog efektivnog tečaja i osobne potrošnje. Proizvodnja prerađivačkih sektora s visokom razinom tehnologije u pravilu je elastična na promjene investicija, inozemne potražnje i fiskalne politike. Čini se da je fiskalna politika posebno važna za prerađivačku industriju, kako zbog veličine fiskalnih elastičnosti, tako i zbog kratkih vremenskih pomaka djelovanja. U slučaju deprecijacije kune u prosjeku raste proizvodnja sektora s niskom razinom tehnologije, dok se kod sektora s visokom i srednje visokom razinom tehnologije ona smanjuje. ; In this paper, we analyse the impact of macroeconomic policies on manufacturing production in Croatia. We use multiple regressions in order to assess how personal consumption, investments, interest rates, the real effective exchange rate, government consumption, fiscal deficit and foreign demand affect the output of 22 manufacturing sectors. The analysis is conducted on quarterly data from 1998:1q to 2008:3q. The results suggest that changes in fiscal conditions, the real effective exchange rate and personal consumption mostly affect low technological intensity industries. Production in high technological intensity industries is, in general, elastic to changes in investments, foreign demand and fiscal policy. Fiscal policy seems particularly important for manufacturing output, both in terms of the magnitude of fiscal elasticities and shorter time lags. Production in low technological intensity industries on average increases with the exchange rate depreciation, while in high and medium-high technological intensity industries it contracts as a result of depreciation.

Autori u tekstu propituju povijest razvoja lokalne samouprave u Hrvatskoj od samih početaka do danas. U tom smislu, rabe pravnopovijesnu metodu i daju presjek razvoja te institucije s naglaskom na normativnu regulaciju unutar zadnjih 30-tak godina. Rad ukazuje na temeljne nedostatke u razvoju lokalne samouprave koji se moraju prevladati kako bi ona bila učinkovitija. ; The authors question the history of the development of local self-government in Croatia from the very beginning to the present day. In that sense, they use the legal-historical method and give a cross-section of the institutions' development with an emphasis on normative regulation within the last 30 years. The paper points to fundamental drawbacks in the development of local self-government that must be overcome in order to make it more effective.

On its road to ED membership Serbia faces numerous challenges. Among important ones are how to solve the problems of environmental protection & sustainable management of natural resources. After defining sustainable development & its postulates, the author gives an overview of natural resources, this including land, water, air, as well as biodiversity, discussing their inter-dependence. She points to the relatedness between cultural & natural resources for sustainable development giving the "Derdap" National Park as an example. In the author's opinion, a very effective instrument for coping with these challenges is international co-operation in the field of sustainable use of natural & cultural-historical resources, from global connections & worldwide actions, to regional interconnections & co-operation including cross-border co-operation of neighboring countries in this area. References. Adapted from the source document.

The author explores the operational capability of the European defense policy in the last 3 years. From the creation & adoption of the European Security Strategy, the European Union has made several specific steps in the development of the European Security & Defence Policy. Despite the disagreements with the United States about Iraq & the internal divisions in the "New & Old Europe" EU has shown the ability to set new military & civilian goals, make a small, but effective battle group concept for crisis management & conflict prevention as well as the European Defense Agency. The author also describes the main operations & missions of EU in the world, ranging from the Balkans & Africa to the Middle East & Eastern Asia. Finally, the paper analyses the Constitution for Europe & the articles concerning ESDP. References. Adapted from the source document.

Republicanism and liberalism, as foundations of Modernity, are presented in terms of how they are interconnected and condition one another, as expressed in the conception of Jurgen Habermas' deliberative democracy. Firstly, both concepts are concisely defined; republicanism stresses the principle of virtue and community, while liberalism reveals the freedom of the individual and of particular provinces as the basic point in the development of a free order. Secondly, the author shows how Habermas links the two in the concept of deliberative democracy as inseparable parts of the modern political order. After that, the way is discussed in which Habermas uses the concept in his analysis of the European Union, i.e. of the possibility of deliberative democracy in the space of Europeization and globalization. The author concludes that, viewed from the perspective of Europeization and globalization, the effective potency of republicanism has become significantly reduced, while the potency of neoliberal tendencies has grown, with decidedly fatal consequences. Adapted from the source document.

This opening address at a scientific symposium on the future of the state, held in Zagreb, May 10-11, 2002, discusses the activities of the "Konrad Adenauer" Instit in promoting democratic states all over the world. The Instit has offices in over 60 countries & carries out projects in over 120 countries. Its three objectives are: (1) the support of the development & solidification of democratic regimes, (2) the promotion of socially fair market economies, & (3) the provision of regional assistance during transitions to democratic & free market states. The Instit's stand on issues of civil society, free market, & solidarity is clarified, explaining how it attempts to promote liberal, competition-based economy in welfare states. The formation of the European Union does not cancel the need for the state as a political unit, but rather, makes its functioning more effective & secure for its citizens. The similarities & differences between Croatia & Germany as national states are briefly considered from the perspective of the symposium's leading theme. Z. Dubiel

Zdravko Petak's Javna dobra i politicko odlucivanje ([The Public Good and Political Decision Making] Zagreb: Biblioteka Politicka misao, 2001) is discussed. Petak's criticism of the Keynesian thesis that state intervention into free market economy is both necessary & effective to ensure the public well-being of the citizens is examined. Petak applies the theory of public choice to debunk this view & argues that the state is (1) unable to act on economically efficacious precepts & (2) not a higher-rank, external, & objective actor capable of regulating economic processes outside the basic human instincts & behaviors that underlie the functioning of private markets. The origin & evolution of the public choice theory are outlined, & the universal postulates of egoism (self-interest), rationality, & maximization governing human behavior are described. It is concluded that Petak's rebuttal of the arguments advanced by proponents of state intervention into the national economy is convincing, however, he fails to formulate a viable alternative. Also, he does not address several related issues seen to provide subject matter for a future book. Z. Dubiel

The ownership structure is one of the determining factors in the development of all agricultures; Croatia's is not an exception to this rule. In the long run, the ownership structure is undoubtedly going to determine the direction of the development of the market-oriented Croatian agriculture. The process of building the ownership structure appropriate to the market economy is neither simple not fast, let alone cheap. An overnight change in the ownership structure is neither possible nor prudent. The existing ownership structure of Croatian agriculture is the result of a century & a half long historical development. Socioeconomic & political factors exerted a strong influence on the process of the ownership structure's formation. Today Croatia has an "atomized" estate of only 2.9 hectares. A century ago the average size of estates was 8 hectares. This fragmentation is a direct result of the agrarian reform & colonization in the second Yugoslavia when the land maximum was reduced to 10 hectares. The existing -- very unfavorable structure -- should be in the transitional period gradually adapted to the family economy as the basis of future development, which will be market-oriented, cost-effective, & profitable. 3 Tables, 23 References. Adapted from the source document.

Pravilno određeni i na jasan način prikazani načela, ciljevi i instrumenti temeljne su odrednice za uspješno uspostavljanje i provođenje pomorske i prometne politike Europske unije i njezinih zemalja članica, a kako bi se razvio efektivan prometni i pomorski sustav uz istovremeni gospodarski rast utemeljen na sustavu održivog razvoja potrebna je usklađenost nacionalne politike s determinantama pomorske i prometne politike Europske unije, uz respektiranje osobitih značajki pomorskog tržišta. Europska unija svojim programima, strategijama i projektima nastoji pomoći u razvitku svojih zemalja članica, te financiranjima i ograničenjima uvesti i održavati mir i sigurnost u teritorijalnim oblastima Europskog kontinenta, uz stvaranje međunarodne suradnje i očuvanja ljudskih prava i demokracije. ; Properly defined and clearly presented principles, goals and instruments are fundamental determinants for the successful establishment and implementation of maritime and transport policy of the European Union and its Member States, in order to develop an effective transport and maritime system with simultaneous economic growth based on sustainable development. It is necessary to harmonize the national policy with the determinants of the maritime and transport policy of the European Union, while respecting the special features of the maritime market. Through its programs, strategies and projects, the European Union seeks to help the development of its member states, and to introduce and maintain peace and security in the territorial areas of the European continent with funding and restrictions, while creating international cooperation and preserving human rights and democracy.

Pravilno određeni i na jasan način prikazani načela, ciljevi i instrumenti temeljne su odrednice za uspješno uspostavljanje i provođenje pomorske i prometne politike Europske unije i njezinih zemalja članica, a kako bi se razvio efektivan prometni i pomorski sustav uz istovremeni gospodarski rast utemeljen na sustavu održivog razvoja potrebna je usklađenost nacionalne politike s determinantama pomorske i prometne politike Europske unije, uz respektiranje osobitih značajki pomorskog tržišta. Europska unija svojim programima, strategijama i projektima nastoji pomoći u razvitku svojih zemalja članica, te financiranjima i ograničenjima uvesti i održavati mir i sigurnost u teritorijalnim oblastima Europskog kontinenta, uz stvaranje međunarodne suradnje i očuvanja ljudskih prava i demokracije. ; Properly defined and clearly presented principles, goals and instruments are fundamental determinants for the successful establishment and implementation of maritime and transport policy of the European Union and its Member States, in order to develop an effective transport and maritime system with simultaneous economic growth based on sustainable development. It is necessary to harmonize the national policy with the determinants of the maritime and transport policy of the European Union, while respecting the special features of the maritime market. Through its programs, strategies and projects, the European Union seeks to help the development of its member states, and to introduce and maintain peace and security in the territorial areas of the European continent with funding and restrictions, while creating international cooperation and preserving human rights and democracy.