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Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to a groundwater conservation district's use of electronic fund transfers.

This report discusses legislative issues regarding check truncation, which occurs when the check is stopped before it reaches the paying bank and the check clearing process is completed electronically. The United States banking system processes approximately 42.5 billion checks annually, but only a fraction of these checks is processed electronically by check truncation.

"Serial no. 105-48." ; Shipping list no.: 98-0350-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 2

"GAO/GGD-87-15BR." ; "October 1986." ; Distributed to depository libraries in microfiche. ; "B-221597"--P. [1]. ; Cover title. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Serial no. 105-63." ; Shipping list no.: 98-0150-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

A OpenAIRE el projecte VirCoin2SME té el número d'identificació 645767 ; With the advent of social and mobile networks, new online communities are being created around sustainable topics (e.g. environmental, social, community development). The phenomena, known as digital social innovation, generates a positive ecosystem where business and social development enabled with new behaviors boosted by social, complementary or community currencies deployed as virtual currencies have a great potential for competitiveness, and entrepreneurship, but also for fostering social responsibility in Europe. This document summarizes actions carried out through the Vircoin2SME European community project (social, complementary or community virtual currencies transfer of knowledge to SME: a new era for competitiveness and entrepreneurship) for identification of barriers and their possible solutions to reduce them in the context of the adoption of social, complementary and virtual currencies by SMEs and consumers. The Case Study method allowed identifying these barriers almost at all on the basis of RES (digital currency of Belgium) and Eurakos (virtual currency of Girona, Spain) complementary currencies operation by which the Vircoin2SME researchers had close contact. Data analyzed were taken through observation, being the project researchers' direct users of these currencies and, the information records stored in databases concerning the users' interactions (transactions in trades associated with the RES and Eurakos networks) ; This research was supported by the European Union's Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 (2014-2020) under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 654767

Item 1016-A, 1016-B (microfiche). ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes index. ; Shipping list no.: 2000-0337-P. ; Mode of access: Internet.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "In 2001, the Department of the Treasury made 764 million payments valued at $549 billion to beneficiaries of federal programs, primarily programs administered by the Social Security Administration. Of these payments, 76 percent were made using electronic funds transfers (EFTs), potentially saving the government millions of dollars in costs associated with disbursing paper checks. In 1996, Congress passed legislation which required that federal payments except tax refunds be made electronically as of January 1999. The act also required that each person affected by this mandate have access to an account at a financial institution at a reasonable cost and with certain consumer protections. To meet this requirement, Treasury developed the Electronic Transfer Account (ETA). Most recipients of federal benefits have their payments deposited electronically. The number of recipients using EFT climbed steadily throughout the 1990s, rising from around half to more than three-quarters of all beneficiaries. Treasury and the Social Security Administration (SSA) have undertaken activities to increase the use of direct deposit, including developing marketing material and directly notifying check recipients of the advantages of using EFT, particularly safety and convenience. Although information describing the characteristics of these EFT users is limited, GAO determined that participation rates are highest for those 65 and older. The primary obstacle to using EFT was that many federal check recipients did not have a bank account. GAO's analysis of the Survey of Income and Program Participation's 1998 data indicated that 11 million benefit recipients, over half of all federal benefit check recipients in 1998, were unbanked. The ETA has not been widely accepted by banks or unbanked beneficiaries despite Treasury's efforts to promote it. Since initiation of the program in 1999, 36,000 ETAs have been opened, representing fewer than 1 percent of unbanked beneficiaries. Based on discussions with representatives from Treasury, SSA, financial institutions, and consumer groups, GAO identified several approaches that Treasury could consider to increase the use of electronic transfers. These approaches include increasing cooperation between banks and local SSA offices to more effectively enroll beneficiaries for ETAs; exploring other electronic payment options besides the ETA to deliver benefits; partnering with banks to provide information on the general availability of low cost banking products, especially in areas with low ETA coverage; and conducting further research to determine why certain states have low direct deposit participation rates."

Developing a solid foundation for electronic payment systems is an integral part of ICT-driven development for any country. Compared to cash, e-payment transactions offer the advantages of portability, security, and convenience. For interpersonal transactions, e-payments enable instantaneous exchanges of funds without requiring large sums of physical currency to be carried around and exchanged. E-payments also allow money to be sent rapidly to any recipient regardless of location, eliminating the time cost of making transactions over distance. Integrated e-payment systems are vital to the functioning of any ICT platform whose services require payment, especially those based on mobile technology. Finally, e-payments are more visible than cash transactions, reducing the corrupting influence of black money, widening the tax base, improving data on spending and consumption, and aiding in the formalization of large sectors of the economy. India has long been a cash-based economy, but in recent years, the country has been in the process of transitioning towards a cashless society, In November 2016, this transition was accelerated when 87% of the country's paper currency by value was demonetized. The macroeconomic merits of demonetization remain up for debate, but the policy shock did provide India a golden opportunity to replace legacy systems with ones that could interface with new IT platforms and the country's national ID database, Aadhaar. Although digital payment remains relatively infrequent for now, total digital payments are expected to reach USD 500 billion by 2020, ten times the level in 2016. Government has encouraged this transition by linking public transactions such as Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to e-payment services through Aadhaar. Numerous modes of digital payment are now available to Indian consumers, but some have been more successful than others. Demonetization additionally played a heavy role in influencing which payment systems have been adopted for which purposes. For example, while mobile wallets were popular in the months and years preceding demonetization, Unified Payments Interface (UPI) based systems have since become more prevalent, largely thanks to the convenience of being able to skip the intermediate step of adding money to a specific account in favor of sending money directly to recipients via one's own bank account. UPI transactions increased threefold in the year following demonetization, representing the largest segment of the country's digital payment growth. As smartphones continue growing in popularity and data usage continues to increase, India's digital payment market is expected to reach over 1 trillion USD by 2023. However, specific interventions and investments are required for the information economy to penetrate rural areas. Initiatives such as the ICICI Digital Villages Program provide training and support for rural Indians to enter the digital financial ecosystem, offering assistance in opening paperless accounts, introducing SMS services for fund transfers and balance inquiries, and developing native cashless payment systems for direct deposit. Infrastructure investments are also required to make digital payments feasible for those in remote and poorly connected areas. Such efforts are necessary if ICT-driven development is to sustain India's economic growth in a fashion inclusive for all of India's citizens.

Item 1016-A, 1016-B (microfiche). ; Shipping list no.: 86-424-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Serial no. 106-5." ; Shipping list no.: 99-0268-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 2

published_or_final_version ; Law ; Master ; Master of Laws in Corporate & Financial Law

It is recognized that one of the goals of federal transfers is to provide the states with some financial leverage during recessions. Federal transfers in the United States comprise such components as retirement and disability payments for individuals, other direct payments for individuals or organizations, grants, procurement contracts, and salaries and wages. Is the composition of the federal transfers' budget having an optimal effect on the business cycle or should the federal government reallocate some expenditure? In this article, we argue that the federal government may improve its role in stabilizing the business cycle if some reallocation is made from procurement contracts and payments for other than individuals to direct payments for individuals, grants, and disability and retirement payments.

This report by the Board of Economic Advisors at the South Carolina Budget and Control Board provides the bill number, author, and committee requesting impact statement, bill summary, revenue impact, and explanation.