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How can the existence of elites be compatible with democratic governance? Any democratic society is inevitably confronted by this basic question. This book reviews existing research on elites and their interactions with those around them. How the recruitment to elites changes in the long run according to class and gender is one of the core themes of the present volume. Other topics explored include the relationship between elites and the population, collective action and elite cohesion, and elites and democracy. The approach is multinational, with examples provided from countries around the world. This is a valuable book for social science students and researchers of many disciplines, including sociology, political science and psychology. It offers a review on historical and current research on elites in society and includes an extensive discussion of class and gender. Examples from countries in different parts of the world allow for international insights.

This compelling and convincing study, the capstone of decades of research, argues that political regimes are created and sustained by elites. Liberal democracies are no exception; they depend, above all, on the formation and persistence of consensually united elites. John Higley and Michael Burton explore the circumstances and ways in which such elites have formed in the modern world. They identify pressures that may cause a basic change in the structure and functioning of elites in established liberal democracies, and they ask if the elites cluster around George W. Bush are a harbinger of thi

Preliminary Materials /M. Sasaki -- Introduction /M. Sasaki -- Elite And Leadership Change In Liberal Democracies /John Higley and Jan Pakulski -- Elite Distinction: Grand Theory And Comparative Perspectives /Jean-Pascal Daloz -- Comparing Two Charismatic Leaders: Ataturk And De Gaulle /Mattei Dogan -- New Challenges, New Elites? Changes In The Recruitment And Career Patterns Of European Representative Elites /Heinrich Best -- Political Elite Circulation: Implications For Leadership Diversity And Democratic Regime Stability In Ghana /Johanna Odonkor Svanikier -- Political Elites In The Commonwealth Of Independent States: Recruitment And Rotation Tendencies /Oxana Gaman-Golutvina -- Nordic Elites In Comparative Perspective /Ilkka Ruostetsaari -- Elite Integration And Institutional Trust In Norway /Trygve Gulbrandsen -- From Vietnam To Iraq: American Elites' Views On The Use Of Military Force /Gwen Moore and Stephanie Mack -- Notes On Contributors /M. Sasaki -- Index /M. Sasaki.

Erkenntnisse der Elitenforschung sind nicht neu (M. Hartmann, ID 2/05), werden aber erst in jüngster Zeit aufgrund zahlreicher Skandale (Steuerflucht, Korruption, Managergehälter) kontrovers diskutiert. Neben der Kritik (vermeintlicher) Eliten wie bei J. Friedrich (BA 4/08) oder H. Verfürth (in dieser Nr.) werben einige Autoren für eine differenzierte Darstellung. Zu ihnen gehört die Journalistin ("FAZ"), die zunächst Elitekonzepte seit der Antike beschreibt, dabei insbesondere religiöse Einflüsse auf die Leistungsethik herausstellt. Kritisch sieht sie die "Exzellenzinitiative" der Bundesregierung zur Schaffung von Elitehochschulen: Erfolg in Forschung und Lehre beruhe auf Freiheit und Kreativität, nicht auf zentraler Planung. Daher sei auch das französische Modell homogener Leistungseliten kaum zukunftsfähig. Eine Demokratie brauche jedoch Eliten, die aus einem Bildungssystem hervorgehen, das Begabung fördere und Leistung belohne. Sprachlich brillante und in sich konsistente Argumentation, allerdings blendet Scholl (erfolgreiche) egalitäre Gesellschaftsmodelle wie z.B. in Skandinavien völlig aus. (3)

Contents -- Foreword / James C. Cobb -- Introduction / Randy Finley and Thomas A. DeBlack -- Publications by Willard B. Gatewood Jr. -- In the Shadow of the Revolution: Savannah's First Generation of Free African American Elite in the New Republic, 1790-1830 / Whittington B. Johnson -- "A Model Man of Chicot County": Lycurgus Johnson and Social Change / Thomas A. DeBlack -- "I Go To Set the Captives Free": The Activism of Richard Harvey Cain, Nationalist Churchman and Reconstruction-Era Leader / Bernard E. Powers Jr. -- "This Dreadful Whirlpool" of Civil War: Edward W. Gantt and the Quest for Distinction / Randy Finley -- James Carroll Napier (1845-1940): From Plantation to the City / Bobby L. Lovett -- Robert E. Lee Wilson and the Making of a Post-Civil War Plantation / Jeannie M. Whayne -- Reward for Party Service: Emily Newell Blair and Political Patronage in the New Deal / Virginia Laas -- "A Generous and Exemplary Womanhood": Hattie Rutherford Watson and NYA Camp Bethune in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, 1937 / Fon Gordon -- Tufted Titans: Dalton, Georgia's Carpet Elite / Thomas Deaton -- Sara Alderman Murphy and the Little Rock Panel of American Women: A Prescription to Heal the Wounds of the Little Rock School Crisis / Paula C. Barnes -- Notes -- List of Contributors

This book, prepared under the auspices of the IPSA Research Committee on Political Elites, focuses on the interpenetration between various types of elites: politicians, owners of capital, corporate managers, higher state administrators, directors of public enterprises, controllers of media, military officers and the civic-cultural establishment. The contributions to this book reveal contrasting patterns of recruitment and selection in terms of career paths, visibility, influence, and power of different elite circles. This diversity of national elite configurations challenges the C. Wright Mills' theory of an integrated "power elite", which appears from a comparative perspective to be peculiar to the United States during the early post-war period. Key concepts are discussed and empirically tested: ruling class, political class, elite circulation versus elite reproduction, elite interpenetration, elite interlocks, elite cohesion, elite osmosis, functional elite roles, formal and informal networks, elite cousinhood, separation versus overlapping between wealth and power, and between power and social capital. The book covers a great variety of countries: post-industrial democracies (France, Britain, Germany, Canada), new democracies (East-Central Europe, Mexico) and modernizing regimes (Southeast Asia, Tropical Africa), presented by an international selection of distinguished contributors: Andras Bozoki, Roderic Camp, William Case, Jean-Pascal Daloz, Mattei Dogan, Dennis Kavanagh, Michael Ornstein, David Richards, Erwin Scheuch and John Scott

The anthropological study of elites has gained increasing prominence with the shift of the anthropological gaze toward issues of power, prestige and status in the societies of anthropologists themselves. However, our understanding of elites is often partial, obscured as it is by the theoretical weaknesses of Western models on the one hand and, on the other, by the difficulties in studying elites from the 'inside'. Drawing on a diverse, comparative ethnographic literature, this new volume examines the intimate spaces and cultural practices of those elites who occupy positions of power and authority across a variety of different settings. Using ethnographic case studies from a wide range of geographical areas, including Mexico, Peru, Amazonia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Europe, North America and Africa, the contributors explore the inner worlds of meaning and practice that define and sustain elite identities. They also provide insights into the cultural mechanisms that maintain elite status, and into the complex ways that elite groups relate to, and are embedded within, wider social and historical processes.; The book addresses a number of fundamental questions about the nature of elites and society such as; *How do elites in different societies maintain their position of domination? *How do elites reproduce themselves over time? *How do elites represent themselves? *How can we study elites anthropologically? *What implications does this study have for the discipline of anthropology? In exemplifying anthropology's contribution to the study of power, this book provides a welcome and timely addition to the literature as well as to current debates about the scope and direction of the discipline itself. Professor John Eade, University of Surrey, UK; Dr Sandra Evers Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands; Dr

Introduction: ideology and social reproduction in education -- "That's a good question!" exploring motivations at entry -- I didn't think it would be like "the paper chase!" -- "It's all common sense:" ideology and resistance in the provision of professional skills -- Thinking like a lawyer, strategizing like a manager -- Empty ethics and reasonable responsibility -- Jobs of least resistance -- Pursuing elite professional careers.

Defence date: 23 March 2007 ; Examining board: Prof. John Hemery (Centre for Political and Diplomatic Studies, Oxford) ; Prof. Jacek Wasilewski (Warsaw School of Social Psychology) ; Prof. Jaap Dronkers (European University Institute)(Supervisor) ; The aim of this study is to explore the process of diplomatic elite transformation in the post-communist countries within the context of political elite transformation and to analyse whether the process of circulation or reproduction prevailed among the diplomatic elites during the first decade and a half after the change of the political regime (1989-2004). I focus upon the entry-level diplomats to a greater degree than in the older works on political elite and diplomacy. The key to capturing the process of circulation/ reproduction among diplomatic elites is through analysis of the general characteristics of diplomats as well as the system of personnel selection. I argue that a better understanding of the transformation processes could be achieved by looking at people at the entry level into political elite, i.e., by looking at newcomers. The thesis is further set out to show how the historical, political and cultural legacy of the past and geographical realities shaped the emerging diplomatic elites. The analysis presented in the thesis is based on a survey that I conducted. Several conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of diplomats in 27 countries. The composition of the emerging diplomatic elite across countries shows some striking similarities and some striking differences. The areas of important similarities are education, social origins and channels of recruitment. The differences mainly occur in age, gender, recruitment channels, previous professional experience, type of residence and additional jobs performed. Particularly illuminating in this respect is the division of respondents by geographical criterion into the CEE/FSU countries. A more meticulous analysis shows that the revolutionary political transformations were not followed by a revolutionary transformation of elites, or of diplomatic elites in particular. There was a modest degree of circulation from the lower classes into the elite role (in particular, into the diplomatic elite), but it did not transcend the socially desirable and socially stabilising moderate level. It was certainly not a revolutionary degree of circulation into the diplomatic elite. Nor was there a full-scale reproduction of elites.

A study of twenty wealthy upper-class families during Pittsburgh's growth into an important commerical and industrial center. It shows how they succeeded in creating the institutions needed to sustain a local aristocracy and possessed the ability to adapt its accumulated advantages to social and economic changes