Suchergebnisse

This paper examines whether recent in-migrants to rural settlements in England commute further to work than the longer-term residents of these places and whether commuting distance differs according to the type of move and the geographical context of their home. The study is based on data from the Controlled Access Microdata Sample (CAMS) of the 2001 Census of Population. It is found that recent in-migrants are much more likely to commute at least 20km than are the longer-term residents. Using binary logistic regression so as to allow for socio-demographic differences between people, it is shown that the likelihood of longer distance commuting was highest for people who had moved home by between 15 and 99km and for people moving from the largest cities.

In early August 2011, disturbances broke out in a number of English cities. What happened was broadcast globally, and all of a sudden it seemed as if all of the country was about to burst into flames. This short paper is offered by way of a 'letter' from England. It was written in late August 2011 and is an initial attempt to develop an understanding of why the disturbances broke out, what motivated the people who were involved and, indeed, why things were confined to England. Cities elsewhere in Britain experienced nothing. The paper identifies a crisis in the English social imaginary. The disturbances are understood as a conjunctural response to this crisis, a response highlighting the interregnum in the English social imaginary.

Intro -- Map of England -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1: An Overview of Sociolinguistics in England -- Introduction -- Previous Work on Sociolinguistics in England -- Current Volume -- Future Direction -- References -- 2: Urban Literacies and Processes of Supralocalisation: A Historical Sociolinguistic Perspective -- Introduction -- Historical Sociolinguistics, Urban Literacies and Language Standardisation -- The Third-Person Singular Present Indicative: Variation and Change in Urban Depositions -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3: Social Change, Linguistic Change and Sociolinguistic Change in Received Pronunciation -- Introduction -- Theoretical Preliminaries -- Standard Languages, Elite Sociolects and Language Change -- What's in a Name? -- Quantitative Empirical Studies of Phonetic Variation in RP Speech -- T-Glottalling -- Weak Vowel Variation -- Changes in the RP Short Vowel System -- Smoothing and Yod Coalescence -- /r/ Variation in RP -- Variation and Change in RP Over the Lifespan -- Attitudinal Studies of RP: Dialect-in-Discourse -- Sociolinguistic Change and Modern RP -- Conclusion -- References -- 4: The Changing Language of Urban Youth: A Pilot Study -- Introduction -- Research on Youth Language -- Research on Manchester English -- The Context -- A Description of the Language -- Vowels -- FOOT/STRUT -- GOOSE -- happy -- letter -- PRICE -- FACE -- MOUTH -- Other Linguistic Features -- Quotatives -- Words and Phrases -- Awareness -- Social Factors -- Gender -- Ethnicity -- Identity -- Social Practices -- Moving Forward -- References -- 5: Stylisation and the Dynamics of Migration, Ethnicity and Class -- Introduction1 -- The Systems in Focus -- The Argument -- The Posh/Cockney Style Binary at Central High -- The Creole/Asian English Style Contrast in Ashmead

Gegenstand des Beitrags ist die historische Entwicklung des Systems der repräsentativen Demokratie in Großbritannien. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Rolle von Wahlen in diesem System und die Frage, wie sich diese Rolle im Laufe der Zeit von 1832 bis 1918 gewandelt hat. Auf die Frage, seit wann die Wähler eher der Partei und nicht mehr dem Kandidaten die Stimme geben, finden sich in der Literatur verschiedene Antworten. (1) Die erste Position datiert die Entwicklung des parteiorientierten Wahlverhaltens in die Zeit nach 1885. (2) Nach Ansicht der zweiten Position wird dieses Wahlverhalten nach 1867 signifikant. (3) In der dritten Position wird die explosive Zunahme der Zeitungen nach 1856 als Ursache für eine massive Entwicklung der Parteiloyalität angesehen. Ein zweiter Schwerpunkt ist es, auf eine systematische und quantitative Weise den Einfluß der Wähler auf ihre Parlamentsmitglieder zu erforschen. In dem Beitrag wird gezeigt, daß ein substantieller Wandel im Wählerverhalten in England stattgefunden hat, bei dem die Wähler ihre Entscheidung zunehmend an der Partei orientiert haben. (KW)