Suchergebnisse

Entangled Histories: Making Ordinances Searchable In the early modern era (± 1500-1800) Europe consisted of a patchwork of small states. The underlying hypothesis of this Entangled Histories-project is that those in government did not invent the wheel each and every single time a problem arose and were prone to copy parts of successful legislation from neighbouring states. Nowadays, European libraries and archives hold plakkaatboeken (books of ordinances): compilations of legislative texts issued from the 15th until the 18th century. These contain information on how governments of burgeoning states dealt a wide range of topics: from religion to waterworks, from marriage to economics. The hundreds of texts within these compilations are frequently consulted by researchers of various disciplines (e.g. law, history, political science, linguists) to understand how complex societies were controlled. Within Entangled Histories, nearly all digitally available books of ordinances of the Low Countries are used. (1) Entangled Histories commences with an improvement of the OCR through HTR-methods (Handwriting Text-Recognition) to obtain a higher quality of recognition (CER<5%). After training the (2) page mark-up (3) machine-generated metadata is created after supervised training based on a Naive Bayes classifier. This is a pilot that will prove the applicability of the tool to other languages as well, due to the presence of multiple languages. This project will disclose the entangled histories of neighbouring states, due to synchronic and diachronic comparisons – allowing a wider search and implementation in other multidisciplinary projects within Europe.

Entangled Histories: Making Ordinances Searchable In the early modern era (± 1500-1800) Europe consisted of a patchwork of small states. The underlying hypothesis of this Entangled Histories -project is that those in government did not invent the wheel each and every single time a problem arose and were prone to copy parts of successful legislation from neighbouring states. Nowadays, European libraries and archives hold plakkaatboeken (books of ordinances): compilations of legislative texts issued from the 15th until the 18th century. These contain information on how governments of burgeoning states dealt a wide range of topics: from religion to waterworks, from marriage to economics. The hundreds of texts within these compilations are frequently consulted by researchers of various disciplines (e.g. law, history, political science, linguists) to understand how complex societies were controlled. Within Entangled Histories , nearly all digitally available books of ordinances of the Low Countries are used. (1) Entangled Histories commences with an improvement of the OCR through HTR-methods (Handwriting Text-Recognition) to obtain a higher quality of recognition (CER<5%). After training the (2) page mark-up (3) machine-generated metadata is created after supervised training based on a Naive Bayes classifier. This is a pilot that will prove the applicability of the tool to other languages as well, due to the presence of multiple languages. This project will disclose the entangled histories of neighbouring states, due to synchronic and diachronic comparisons – allowing a wider search and implementation in other multidisciplinary projects within Europe.

Tagungsbericht: Veranstalter: Exzellenzcluster "Die Herausbildung normativer Ordnungen", Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main. Datum, Ort: 17.02.2010, Frankfurt am Main

"This volume brings together a diverse group of scholars from North America and Europe to explore the history and memory of Germany's fateful push for power in the Balkans during the era of the two world wars and the long postwar period. Each chapter focuses on one or more of four interrelated themes: war, empire, (forced) migration, and memory. The first section, "War and Empire in the Balkans," explores Germany's quest for empire in Southeast Europe during the first half of the century, a goal that was pursued by economic and military means. The book's second section, "Aftershocks and Memories of War," focuses on entangled German-Balkan histories that were shaped by, or a direct legacy of, Germany's exceptionally destructive push for power in Southeast Europe during World War II. German-Balkan Entangled Histories in the Twentieth Century expands and enriches the neglected topic of Germany's continued entanglements with the Balkans in the era of the world wars, the Cold War, and today"--

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction. German-Balkan Entangled Histories in the Twentieth Century | Christopher A. Molnar and Mirna Zakic -- Part I. War and Empire in the Balkans -- 1. "A Colony of the Central Powers": War, Raw Materials, and the Subjection of Romania | David Hamlin -- 2. A New Light on Yugoslav-German Trade Relations and Economic Anti-Semitism: The Ethnic German Poultry Product Cooperative in the Vojvodina during the 1930s | Bernd Robionek -- 3. Racializing the Balkans: The Population of Southeastern Europe in the Mind of German and Austrian Racial Anthropologists, 1914-1945 | Christian Promitzer -- 4. "My Life for Prince Eugene": History and Nazi Ideology in Banat German Propaganda in World War II | Mirna Zakic -- 5. Nazi Germany and the Holocaust in the Independent State of Croatia, 1941-1945 | Mark Biondich -- 6. German Collective Guilt in the Narratives of Southeastern European Holocaust Survivors | Katerina Kralova and Jiri Kocianpart -- Part II. Aftershocks and Memories of War -- 7. Multiply Entangled: The Gottschee Germans between Slovenia, Austria, Germany, and North America | Jannis Panagiotidis -- 8. We Had to Leave Our Really Good Dog: American Gottscheers and the Memories of World War II in Slovenia | Gregor Kranjc -- 9. From Model to Warning: Narratives of Resettlement "Home to the Reich" after World War II | Gaelle Fisher -- 10. Commemorating the Lost Heimat: Germans as Kulturträger on the Monuments of the Danube Swabians | Jeffrey Luppes -- 11. Croatian Émigrés, Political Violence, and Coming to Terms with the Past in 1960s West Germany | Christopher A. Molnar -- 12. Photographic (Re)memory: The Holocaust and Post-World War II Memory in Yugoslavia | Amila Becirbegovic -- 13. The Politics of Screen Memory in Nicol Ljubić's Stillness of the Sea | Anna E. Zimmer -- Notes -- Contributors -- Index.

This essay addresses the routes and disruptions of some basic historical stereotypes in Polish-Ukrainian relations. It argues that in modern times the Polish and Ukrainian national projects represented two competing political legitimacies: one based on historical borders and civilization, and the other based on the ethnographic composition of the population. This essay will analyze the legacy of the early modern Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Cossack mythology, the Ukrainian-Polish war over Lviv/Lwów in 1918, the ethnic cleansing of Volhynian Poles in 1943, the activities of Jerzy Giedroyc's "Kultura" and post-Soviet memory wars and reconciliation projects. Andrii Portnov is Professor of the Entangled History of Ukraine at the European University Viadrina (Frankfurt/Oder) and Guest Professor at the University of Potsdam. He graduated from the Universities of Dnipro (MA in History) and Warsaw (MA in Cultural Studies). He defended his PhD dissertation (2005) on Ukrainian emigration in inter-war Poland at the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in L'viv. In the years 2007–2010, he worked as Editor-in-Chief of "Ukraïna Moderna", a Kyiv-based journal. He came to Berlin in 2012 as a Fellow of the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin (Institute for Advanced Study). In 2015, he was awarded the Baron Velge Prize and conducted a series of lectures as International Chair for the History of the Second World War at the Free University of Brussels. Andrii Portnov has conducted research and has lectured at the Universities of Basel, Geneva, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, SciencesPo Paris, SciencesPo Lyon, and the Institut für die Wissenschaft vom Menschen (Institute for Human Sciences, IWM) in Vienna. In 2015, he initiated and co-founded the Berlin-Brandenburg Ukraine Initiative, which, in 2016, transformed itself into the Prisma Ukraïna – Research Network Eastern Europe at the Forum Transregionale Studien in Berlin.

In February 2022, Russian missiles rained on Ukrainian cities and tanks rolled towards Kyiv to end Ukrainian independent statehood. President Zelensky declined a western evacuation offer and rallied the army and citizens to defend Ukraine. What are the roots of this war which has devastated Ukraine, upended the international legal order, and brought back the spectre of nuclear escalation? How is it that these supposedly "brotherly peoples" became each other's worst nightmare? In this volume, Maria Popova and Oxana Shevel explain how over the last thirty years Russia and Ukraine diverged politically ending up on a catastrophic collision course. Russia slid back into authoritarianism and imperialism, while Ukraine consolidated a competitive political system and pro-European identity. As Ukraine built a democratic nation-state, Russia refused to accept it and came to see it as an "anti-Russia" project. After political pressure and economic levers proved ineffective and even counterproductive, Putin went to war to force Ukraine back into the fold of the "Russian world." Ukraine resisted, determined to pursue European integration as a sovereign state. These irreconcilable goals, rather than geopolitical wrangling between Russia and the West over NATO expansion, are – the authors argue – essential to understanding Russia's war on Ukraine.