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This article discusses the prospect of the concept of hydrogen technologies in the context of the approved European Union directives to reduce emissions by vehicles into the atmosphere.The main purpose of this study is the possibility of using hydrogen technologies based on analysis derived from a variety of sources and activities , research, and adopted guidelines. The use of modern means of communication, the treatment of the scientific literature , allows for the collection and analysis of information received from scientists in different countries. The paper studies the structure of global СО2 emissions from the transport sector. The influence of the harmful emissions from motor vehicles on public health and the environment in general. The structure of the methods to reduce СО2 emissions from transport according to the International Energy Agency. The article deals with the European directive on the reduction of СО2 emissions.Based on the data and studies , we propose to reduce the amount of harmful toxic emissions of vehicles using hydrogen as a fuel. In this paper , by analyzing scientific articles and studies obtained , we conclude that the search for alternative sources of fuel for motor vehicles will inevitably come to hydrogen as the fuel type is really safe. ; Представлен анализ результатов исследований выбросов автотранспортными средствами при использовании различных видов топлива в двигателях внутреннего сгорания. Выявлено наиболее экологически безопасное топливо из анализа углеводородного топлива и перспективных альтернатив применения различных видов топлива в автотранспорте. Разработано методику сокращения выбросов вредных веществ двигателями , которая базируется на использовании водорода на борту автомобиля как в качестве автономного вида топлива, так и в смеси с различными видами топлива. ; Подано аналіз результатів досліджень викидів автотранспортними засобами при використанні різних видів палива в двигунах внутрішнього згоряння. Виявлено найбільш екологічно безпечне паливо з аналізу вуглеводневого палива і перспективних альтернатив застосування різних видів палива в автотранспорті. Розроблено методику скорочення викидів шкідливих речовин двигунами, яка базується на використанні водню на борту автомобіля як автономного виду палива , так і в суміші з різними видами палива.

This paper presents further consideration of the following interrelation in the energy production sphere: oil and gas business and international projects on the long-term storage of nuclear materials. There are discussed some Russian versions of construction of nuclear depositories as well as corresponding geological assessments. In particular, for the North-West Russia.

This paper presents further consideration of the following interrelation in the energy production sphere: oil and gas business and international projects on the long-term storage of nuclear materials. There are discussed some Russian versions of construction of nuclear depositories as well as corresponding geological assessments. In particular, for the North-West Russia.

В статье рассмотрены теоретико-правовые вопросы, касающиеся механизмов обеспечения национальной безопасности. В процессе исследования показано, что для обеспечения национальной безопасности необходимо учитывать ее составляющие элементы. Одним из таких элементов является энергетическая безопасность. Обеспечение энергетической безопасности должно реализовываться на локальном, региональном и федеральном уровнях, учитывая конституционные права граждан на благоприятную окружающую среду, предотвращение экологических и техногенных катастроф, рациональное использование природных ресурсов. Автор предлагает применять новые подходы к регулированию данного вида отношений с учетом систематизации нормативных правовых актов, действующих в Российской Федерации, для наиболее эффективного решения эколого-правовых проблем энергетической безопасности России. ; The article deals with theoretical and legal issues related to the mechanisms of national security. The study shows that in order to ensure national security, it is necessary to take into account its constituent elements. One such element is energy security. Ensuring energy security should be implemented at the local, regional and Federal levels, taking into account the constitutional rights of citizens to a favorable environment, the prevention of environmental and man-made disasters, the rational use of natural resources. The author proposes to apply new approaches to the regulation of this type of relations, taking into account the systematization of normative legal acts in force in the Russian Federation, for the most effective solution of environmental and legal problems of energy security in Russia.

This article discusses global natural issues related to the noticeable impact of man on nature, the inverse effect of nature on man and the economy as well as terrorist, nationalist, religious, political, traditional bombing), telephone, nuclear, chemical, biological, cyber terrorism, aspects affecting ecology of the world. An attempt was made to classify these aspects in order to improve the perception of students.

This article discusses global natural issues related to the noticeable impact of man on nature, the inverse effect of nature on man and the economy as well as terrorist, nationalist, religious, political, traditional bombing), telephone, nuclear, chemical, biological, cyber terrorism, aspects affecting ecology of the world. An attempt was made to classify these aspects in order to improve the perception of students.

Purpose. The aim of this work is to develop a comprehensive methodology of environmental express audit with a proper account for the specifics of checked objects. Using this technique makes it possible to determine in short time how the economic and production activities of the facility being checked meet environmental legislation.Methodology. The technique consists in the creation and use of special questionnaires containing test questions on all major environmental aspects of the audit facilities that have impacts on the environment. The developed methodology of express audit that specifies the standard methodology in the framework of the law of Ukraine "On environmental audit" is designed to assess the degree of environmental safety of various sites of industry, transport, agriculture, and cities. The questionnaires are based on the cluster principle, which allows adapting the universal questionnaire to the characteristics of different objects, adding a group of questions related to specific characteristics of objects under audit. The methodology determines the manner and form of the auditor interaction with representatives of the enterprise during audit.Findings. The stages of environmental audit are justified, and the structures of relevant questionnaires are developed for collection and analysis of information, identification of discrepancies of the activities at the objects under audit with environmental legislation, and reporting. The advantages inherent to this methodology compared with the standard approach are analysed based on practical experience.Originality. The structure and the content of questionnaires for environmental express audit, in particular, the all-purpose questionnaire, have been developed. The developed question lists with additional special questionnaires and adaptation of a number of questions can be applied to the analysis of environmental activities on a variety of hazardous sites.Practical value. Practical application of this methodology with the participation of the author in ...

Russian Federation is entering a new system of Occupational standards as norm of competence that people are expected to achieve in their work, and the knowledge and skills they need to apply effectively. There may be conflicts in professional co-operation between the new system of Occupational standards and the old system of Managers, specialists and workforce qualification reference books. It may affect the common area of occupational environmental hazards. Employees, who passed compulsory medical examination, can have poor health conditions. It affects the inability of the employees to perform their aircraft maintenance duties. It may be a particular occupational environment factor. A five-point scale of possible damage severity was proposed for this factor. It is known that a sick employee's duties are redistributed among the remaining employees. Redistributing of a sick employee's duties increases the task load of the remaining ones in terms of overtime work for instance. It, ultimately, may compromise normal operation of employees. The results can be used when taking management decisions in process organization of airlines, as well as in other industries. ; При введении новой системы Профессиональных стандартов как описания действий, умений, знаний различных категорий персонала, возможно возникновение правовых и иных коллизий в процессе производственного взаимодействия, что может воздействовать на общую область опасностей всей производственной среды. Неблагоприятное состояние здоровья различных категорий персонала, прошедшего обязательный медицинский осмотр, влияет на неспособность персонала в полном объеме выполнять свои должностные обязанности по техническому обслуживанию авиационной техники. Данное положение рассматривается или как отдельный фактор производственной среды («фактор здоровья»), или как составная часть фактора травматизма и фактора компетентности. Предложена пятибалльная шкала степеней тяжести возможного ущерба (серьезности события) для работников, прошедших обязательный медицинский осмотр. Известно, что обязанности заболевшего работника перераспределяются среди оставшихся работников одинаковой или вышестоящей категории. Перераспределение обязанностей заболевшего работника повышает нагрузку на оставшихся в виде сверхурочных работ, расширения зон обслуживания, увеличения объема работы, что в конечном итоге может привести к неспособности оставшегося персонала в полном объеме выполнять дополнительные должностные обязанности. Для оценки предложена пятибалльная шкала степеней тяжести возможного ущерба (серьезности события) для замещающих работников. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для управленческих решений при организации процессов как на авиапредприятиях, так и в других отраслях.

The article examines the ecological and economic mechanism for the elimination of accumulated environmental damage (NEU) in the Arctic, the development of recommendations for further improvement of such a mechanism, including programmatic methods. The issues of the state of the environment and environmental safety in the Arctic zone of Russia are considered. The main attention is paid to the formation of a program to eliminate NEU on polluted islands and other territories. The results obtained were included in the development of the Program for the Elimination of Accumulated Environmental Damage on the Polluted Islands of the Franz Josef Land Archipelago, and in the preparation of proposals for the further planning and organization of cleanup work. In general, the cleaning of the islands, carried out in the period 2012-2017, showed high performance. It is necessary to expand this type of work in other contaminated areas located in the Arctic, to develop a special program "Ecological safety of the Arctic zone", to develop scientific research on Arctic topics.

The article deals with gender aspects of the perception of environmental problems by the population in the industrial development of the Arctic. There is substantiated the need to develop an ethno-social approach to the study of environmental problems in the framework of interaction between mining companies and the indigenous peoples of the North. It is proposed to conduct sociological surveys of the population when assessing the impact on the ethnological environment (ethnological expertise of the project). The experience of conducting such research to identify and assess gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems in the implementation of investment projects in the Arctic is shown. Based on the results of the empirical research in 2017–2019 on alluvial gold and diamond mining projects in the Northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the main environmental problems that concern the local population are identified. These include: pollution of the environment in the territories of traditional nature use, decrease in the number of deer, reduction in the number of objects of traditional crafts, lack of a system for garbage removal and processing, climate change, and others. The article shows specifics of the environmental problems perception by the indigenous inhabitants of the North (Evenks, Dolgans, Yukagirs, Sakha) on a gender basis. It proposes a mechanism for taking into account the gender characteristics of the population's behavior in the impact of economic activities on the environment in order to ensure gender equality by signing an agreement between mining companies and the local population on the socio-economic development of the territory. The concept of a gender approach to the account of ethnosocial and environmental aspects of territory development with the account the life cycle of the project is substantiated. Implementation of this approach will allow a more full account of the interests and needs of the indigenous population in the industrial development of the territory in the Arctic.

In Russia, Best Available Techniques (BAT) form the modern instrument of the environmental industrial policy. One should consider BAT from the positions of the environmental and economic regulation. In Russia, harmonization of priority measures of the industrial and the environmental policy aims at the sustainable economic growth, technological renewal and environmental improvement of the industry. In the nearest future, over eight thousand Russian enterprises will turn to the new BAT-based regulation system; they will need to meet new legislative requirements. To achieve this, many companies will need to attract substantial investments; the state will have to work out additional instruments of the financial support for the BAT implementation. The transition to BAT will be organizes of a phased basis; to evaluate results being achieved, it is needed to select indicators characterizing, on one hand, the industrial growth, and on the other hand - the improvement of the production environmental and resource efficiency as well as the gradual reduction of the negative environmental impact. A whole system of indicators is needed because each industrial branch and each region have their specifics caused by the structure of industry and by the state of the environment and natural resources. To analyse the results of the transition to BAT at various levels, experts in Best Available Techniques will be called on; the formation of the society of BAT experts has already begun.