Suchergebnisse

The SCAPE database comprises 305 coded cases of public environmental governance in North America, Europe and Australasia, spanning several decades up to the year 2014. Its main purpose is to study the effect of different modes of citizen and stakeholder participation on environmental and other outcomes of decision-making. Each case comprises several hundred variables on the context, process and outcomes of decision-making. While most variables are quantitative Likert-scale type variables, several text fields are included, too. Data were obtained through a case-based meta-analysis ("case survey method", see Newig et al. 2013). For each case, three independent raters coded one or several texts. The dataset contains consolidated data (mostly, averages over three coders). A web-based tool that allows easy access to key categories of the dataset will be available at https://partscout.org.

Mit der Studienreihe "Umweltbewusstsein in Deutschland" wird seit 1996 im zweijährigen Rhythmus im Auftrag des Bundesumweltministeriums und des Umweltbundesamts erforscht, wie sich Umweltbewusstsein und Umweltverhalten der Bevölkerung in Deutschland entwickeln. Ziel ist es, die in der Gesellschaft vorhandenen Denk- und Handlungsmuster zu verstehen und die Bedürfnisse unterschiedlicher Bevölkerungsgruppen vorauszusehen.

Die Hauptbefragung 2020 wurde von infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft vom 1. November bis zum 8. Dezember 2020 durchgeführt. Sie umfasste neben der Fortschreibung der zentralen Zeitreihenfragen der Studienreihe zum Umweltbewusstsein einen umfangreichen Frageblock zum diesjährigen Schwerpunktthema "Klimaschutz und sozial-ökologische Transformation". Im Rahmen der Hauptbefragung wurden insgesamt 2.115 Personen in Deutschland ab 14 Jahren online befragt (CAWI = computer assisted web interview). Die Personen wurden über das infas-Ad-hoc-Panel rekrutiert. Die Rekrutierung der Panelteilnehmenden erfolgt über eine Zufallsstichprobe aus Festnetz- und Mobilfunknummern (Dual-Frame).

Aufgrund des hohen Befragungsumfangs wurden neben der Hauptbefragung drei telefonische Zusatzbefragungen zu speziellen Themen durchgeführt. Diese umfassten die Themen "Wirtschaftlicher Strukturwandel", "Heizen mit Holz" und "Klimaanpassung". Für die Zusatzbefragungen wurden jeweils 1.000 Personen in Deutschland ab 18 Jahren telefonisch befragt. Die Befragungen umfassen jeweils etwa zehn Fragen. Die Erhebungen fanden im November 2020 (Thema wirtschaftlicher Strukturwandel), im April 2021 (Thema Heizen mit Holz) sowie im September 2021 (Thema Klimaanpassung) jeweils im Rahmen einer repräsentativen Omnibus-Befragung statt. Der Rahmen dieser Mehrthemen-Befragung, die von infas auf Basis einer Dual-Frame-Stichprobe im ADM-Mastersample monatlich durchgeführt wird, ist ein kompakter, rein sozial- und politikwissenschaftlich orientierter Fragebogen. Die entsprechenden Themen wurden dort an geeigneter Stelle platziert.

With a share of 30% in total final energy consumption and around 20% in CO2 emissions, private households in Germany strongly affect the environment. At the same time private households are an important target group for policy interventions to fight climate change. Against this background, numerous policy measures that intend to decrease energy consumption and to support renewable energy technologies have been introduced. These policy measures call for accurate evaluation to avoid expensive redundancies due to overlapping policy instruments. The evaluation of energy and environmental policy measures requires comprehensive and reliable data. So far such data was unavailable in Germany, especially in the context of private households. Hence, the responsiveness of German households to climate protection policies was unknown. For this purpose, the Socio-Ecological Panel offers rich information on household's energy consumption and environmental behavior. The data was gathered in four household surveys conducted in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. The survey waves can be merged using the household ID. The data builds the basis for empirical analyses of households' adaptation to climate change and the evaluation of environmental and climate policy measures. This data set comprises the information gathered in the 2014 survey wave.

With a share of 30% in total final energy consumption and around 20% in CO2 emissions, private households in Germany strongly affect the environment. At the same time private households are an important target group for policy interventions to fight climate change. Against this background, numerous policy measures that intend to decrease energy consumption and to support renewable energy technologies have been introduced. These policy measures call for accurate evaluation to avoid expensive redundancies due to overlapping policy instruments.
The evaluation of energy and environmental policy measures requires comprehensive and reliable data. So far such data was unavailable in Germany, especially in the context of private households. Hence, the responsiveness of German households to climate protection policies was unknown.
For this purpose, the Socio-Ecological Panel offers rich information on household's energy consumption and environmental behavior. The data was gathered in four household surveys conducted in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. The survey waves can be merged using the household ID. The data builds the basis for empirical analyses of households' adaptation to climate change and the evaluation of environmental and climate policy measures.
This data set comprises the information gathered in the 2012 survey wave.

With a share of 30% in total final energy consumption and around 20% in CO2 emissions, private households in Germany strongly affect the environment. At the same time private households are an important target group for policy interventions to fight climate change. Against this background, numerous policy measures that intend to decrease energy consumption and to support renewable energy technologies have been introduced. These policy measures call for accurate evaluation to avoid expensive redundancies due to overlapping policy instruments.
The evaluation of energy and environmental policy measures requires comprehensive and reliable data. So far such data was unavailable in Germany, especially in the context of private households. Hence, the responsiveness of German households to climate protection policies was unknown.
For this purpose, the Socio-Ecological Panel offers rich information on household's energy consumption and environmental behavior. The data was gathered in four household surveys conducted in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. The survey waves can be merged using the household ID. The data builds the basis for empirical analyses of households' adaptation to climate change and the evaluation of environmental and climate policy measures.
This data set comprises the information gathered in the 2013 survey wave.

How does the Swiss population perceive living and environmental conditions and trends? How do they think about environmental questions and policy issues, for example in the areas of energy and transport? Do these attitudes of the Swiss population change over time? Several thousand randomly selected persons answer these and other questions over a period of several years as part of the Swiss Environment Panel. The Swiss Environment Panel was conceived by ETH Zurich and has been conducted by the latter in collaboration with the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) since September 2018. It serves as an information base for science as well as for politics, public administration and the general public.

How does the Swiss population perceive living and environmental conditions and trends? How do they think about environmental questions and policy issues, for example in the areas of energy and transport? Do these attitudes of the Swiss population change over time? Several thousand randomly selected persons answer these and other questions over a period of several years as part of the Swiss Environment Panel. The Swiss Environment Panel was conceived by ETH Zurich and has been conducted by the latter in collaboration with the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) since September 2018. It serves as an information base for science as well as for politics, public administration and the general public.

Replication code for presentation at the EGU24, using ISSP 2020 data: see https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU24/EGU24-3191.html

Attitudes on climate change and the protection of the environment have been found to relate in different ways to the current economic and social situation of the respondents. This presentation will describe people's attitudes by analyzing surveys on the topic of climate change and the protection of the environment, including the recent International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) and the Swiss Environmental Panel Study (due to time restrictions, the presentation only shows ISSP data results). A closer look will be taken at the economic opinions and willingness to pay higher prices or taxes and their relationship to climate change attitudes. In addition, respondent's trust in people and different institutions will be analyzed. A structural equation analysis is performed to highlight the relations between those concepts. The results will show that support for a better economy and private enterprises are related to lower environmental and climate change concerns, support for paying higher prices or taxes is related to more environmental concerns and higher trust in people and institutions is related to deeper environmental concerns. After that, several demographic characteristics will be used to show if the results are stable when controlling for these. Demographic variables used are age, gender, education level, employment status, income, and political left-right placement. It can be shown that the factors of economic opinions, willingness to pay, and trust in people and institutions all relate to the environmental and climate change attitudes.

Named MOSAiCH since 2005, this project carries out the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) and Eurobarometer surveys in Switzerland every second year. The survey is designed to allow comparative analyses both geographically and over time. The composition of the questions remains largely unchanged and includes a recurrent socio-political part, two ISSP modules, a wave-specific topic initiated by the Swiss researchers and a detailed socio-demographic part. See also description under study "MOSAiCH 2011" and on the following website http://www2.unil.ch/fors/spip.php?rubrique136&lang=en.

The specific modules of the 2011 edition include:
- ISSP 2010: Environment III
- ISSP 2011: Health I (especially health policy)
- Additional international questions ISSP 2010 and 2011
- Additional Swiss questions on the environment (partly from the Swiss Environmental Survey 2007 carried out by ETH Zurich)
- Trust in institutions, Swiss politics and attitude towards Europe - Socio-demographic questions
- Additional questions: survey climate, telephony

Named MOSAiCH since 2005, this project carries out the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) and Eurobarometer surveys in Switzerland every second year. The survey is designed to allow comparative analyses both geographically and over time. The composition of the questions remains largely unchanged and includes a recurrent socio-political part, two ISSP modules, a wave-specific topic initiated by the Swiss researchers and a detailed socio-demographic part. See also description under study "MOSAiCH 2011" and on the following website http://www2.unil.ch/fors/spip.php?rubrique136&lang=en.

The specific modules of the 2011 edition include:
- ISSP 2010: Environment III
- ISSP 2011: Health I (especially health policy)
- Additional international questions ISSP 2010 and 2011
- Additional Swiss questions on the environment (partly from the Swiss Environmental Survey 2007 carried out by ETH Zurich)
- Trust in institutions, Swiss politics and attitude towards Europe - Socio-demographic questions
- Additional questions: survey climate, telephony

In order to take account of current developments in society as a whole and in the education system, the educational military recruit examinations were subjected to a reform. One of the aims of this reform was to use this institution by setting up a systematic feedback structure in such a way that it can make a contribution to the effect-oriented optimisation of the Swiss education system. This study is part of the present project, which - as a module on "interdisciplinary competences" - is intended to complete the evaluation of the effects of the nationwide and cantonal education systems.
"Interdisciplinary competences", often referred to with (over-) great expectations as "key qualifications", are understood in this project as abilities, attitudes and values whose relevance results from their functional significance for the individual, his social field and society. The aim of the project was to develop standardised written tools for assessing selected "interdisciplinary competences". Two problems arose: On the one hand, desirable effects of education systems are inevitably normative. Even a functionalist perspective requires reference to criteria that are ultimately always value-based. Even if an elaborated scientific framework theory - which does not yet exist - could provide a convincing structural and functional model of "interdisciplinary competences", it cannot avoid the question of the desirability of these competences in education theory. The second problem was of a methodological nature, especially since there were still no sufficiently objective, valid and reliable (written) psychological test procedures in the areas of complex action-related competences with a social reference ("social competences").
These problems have been addressed in this project as follows: The target dimensions of the indicator system were derived from an analysis of the content of the objectives in the mission statements of the cantonal primary school curricula, the objectives formulated in the "Maturitätsanerkennungsreglement" (MAR) and the competences laid down in the federal vocational training regulations. The resulting catalogue of interdisciplinary goals was used as a basis for the selection of available topics and the development of new survey instruments (scales) within the framework of a second phase, taking into account the state of scientific knowledge in the focussed subject areas. At the methodological level - with few exceptions in the area of environmental and policy-related knowledge - there has been an explicit refusal to derive competence from the performance produced in concrete situations. Instead, on the basis of a transactional model of human development and making use of Epstein's self-theory, which goes beyond a pure theory of action, a set of instruments should be developed which is related to different dimensions of the prerequisites of capacity to act and willingness to assume responsibility and which covers the selected "interdisciplinary competences" (with the exception of the aforementioned knowledge tests) via self-descriptions. The indicators formed in this way allow statements to be made on competences that remain latent in principle, because as self-referential cognitions they are not only subjective estimators of the latent competences, but also influence attributes, motivations and strategies for action and thus help to determine future performance.
The indicators were checked and optimized for their statistical quality by means of two empirical preliminary studies. The revised set of instruments was used for the first time at national level during the first main run of the new Educational Military Recruit and Youth Surveys in 2000/2001.

The project is methodologically inspired by an previous study carried out by Wolf Linder at IDHEAP in Lausanne in 1985 on the subject of "legal inflation". At that time, the population and development of Swiss laws from 1947 to 1982 were statistically documented and evaluated on the basis of a complete survey. Based on a methodological approach that, similar to demography, distinguishes between population and flow variables, the growth of legislation with all additions and removals as well as the evolution of the scope of legislative activity were collected and analysed for all legislative bodies and standardisation levels as well as the various fields of activity. The predominantly descriptive study, published in a journal article and in book form, provided for the first time a comprehensive picture of the longer-term evolution of legislative activity and also refuted popular assertions such as that of "legislative inflation" or the increase in "prescriptive" vis-à-vis the "constitutional state".
The current project examines legislative activity from 1983-2007, enabling a second 25-year period to provide interesting information and comparisons with the results of the previous study. However, in line with the further developed state of research and the statistical data now available on parliamentary and general Swiss policy research, a number of new analytical questions offer themselves:
- Can the "internationalization of politics" also be determined at the level of intensified international legislative activity and typical areas (above all economic and environmental legislation), as postulated in the literature on globalization?
- Does the legislative activity in individual areas (e.g. environmental law) follow economic cycles?
- Does strong controversy lead to longer treatment of a bill, but to more frequent revision of the law?
- Does globalisation lead to a stronger position of the executive in lawmaking or, conversely, has parliamentary reform led to a stronger position of the Councils in legislation?

The nuclear phasing out and promoted energy turnaround (Energiewende) could constitute a major driver for renewable energy projects. Increasing the share of renewable energy is seen as indispensable to solve the energy supply dilemma. This new orientation faces various challenges not only on a technical, but also on a political level. We argue that the governmental decision as such does not automatically induce energy turnaround. In order to make change happen, renewable energy projects and innovative policy instruments enhancing them have to be accepted and realized at the regional and local level.
Economists typically argue that incentive based instruments (e.g., green taxes) linked to regulatory measures are most effective to limit energy use and to promote renewable energies (Thalmann 2004). But this type of proposals is particularly difficult to implement, given that political and institutional aspects (e.g., attitudes of political actors and voters, existing regulations on various levels especially regarding the grid) create "lock-in" situations that hinder the diffusion of renewable energy (Stadelmann-Steffen 2011; Knill & Lenschow 2005). Several regional and local initiatives explicitly promoting renewable energies have failed making for instance the typical dilemma between renewables and environmental protection evident.
The overarching question arises as to how effective policy change towards renewable energy can be achieved. In this vein, we start with the idea that effective policy change leading to the realization of regional and local renewable energy projects can be determined by assessing different aspects of "social acceptance" (Wüstenhagen et al. 2007). We argue that – besides technology acceptance by the market – the acceptance of policies and instrument mixes is a crucial pre-condition for project success. So we concentrate on the acceptance of policies and instrument mixes (e.g., regulatory and incentive measures) by (1) the political elite involved in energy policy decision-making (socio-political acceptance) and by (2) citizens as expressed through their vote or other political intervention (community acceptance). Empirically, and via a comparative case study, social network analysis, and experimental survey design, we assess the promotion of alternative electricity from renewable sources (solar, wind, geothermal and small scale hydro power) and ask:
1. Where, when and why have renewable electricity projects failed or succeeded in the past?
2. What current policy drivers (e.g., public attention, actors' networks, pressure from landscape protection) impact the socio-political acceptance of innovative instrument mixes on the regional and local level?
3. How to conceive prospective policy designs and instrument mixes that enhance community acceptance and citizen's preferences in favor of regional and local renewable electricity projects?