Suchergebnisse

In this paper we propose an analytical approach to the provision of local environmental services. These services, that seek to provide public goods, imply the undertaking of technical actions that modify, in some way, the local environment. The public goods in question always combine both local and 'global' dimensions. Under the latter, their production can benefit from policies elaborated at higher territorial levels that are managed and implemented by what we called 'institutional sectors'. The analytical approach offered by Thévenot and Botanski's 'model of cities' is employed here in the study of these 'institutional sectors'. It allows us to explain the tensions arising between them and to identify the conditions for effective co–ordination between sectors.

This article addresses the question of whether environmental direct action against policies or institutions that are recognised as democratically legitimate can be justified. Arguments that seek to tie environmental outcomes to stipulated requirements of either the democratic process or distributive theories of justice are found wanting in this regard. However, one of the central justifications for the losers in a democratic settlement accepting defeat is policy reversibility. The non-reversible element in significant areas of environmental change entails that environmentalists are forced to play a 'one-shot' political strategy. This fact lends support to the justification of environmental direct action in such cases, although it may also apply beyond the sphere of environmental politics.

This studyanalyses the promotion of collective action for agrienvironmental public goods and addresses externalities by reviewing the experience of various OECD member countries. Twentyfive cases from 13 countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom) are examined. The study shows that collective action should be given serious consideration as a means of addressing many agricultural and natural resource issues, and in some cases collective action should be actively promoted.

Protecting the planet -- Doing a world of good -- A history of harm -- Scientific investigation -- The powers of observation -- Asking the question -- Cold cases -- Tools of the trade -- Cold hard facts -- Sharing science -- Team earth -- Go green! -- Catch some air -- Investigate! learning more -- Glossary

Agricultural wastelands are a key tool for analyzing institutional, economic, political and social logics in a territory. Although a negative conception of wastelands emerged in the 19th century onwards, it is only from the 1960s that a real fear of the countryside being abandoned took hold. As the agricultural world changed, so did the wastelands. Some public actors point out the social risks of wasteland - abandonment, neglect, desertification - while others (notably agronomists and landscape architects) report the environmental and landscape risks - "landscape closure", homogenization and depletion of biodiversity. The thesis aims at a sociological understanding of this object, with its blurred and shifting contours in socio-historically situated relationships. The research field is a rural territory located near the metropolis of Metz, the Côtes de Moselle, which history has marked with a double imprint of vineyards and industry. The research focuses in particular on a participatory process initiated by an intermunicipality accompanied by the decentralized institutions of the State (the landscape plan of the Moselle and Rupt-de-Mad valleys), and on the practices and representations of various local actors, including a citizens' group (the "Collectif forêt du Val de Metz"). A diversified methodology is used: participant observations of meetings, site visits and participatory workcamps; semi-directive interviews (with the actors of the landscape plan, various "experts", elected representatives, associative members, "inhabitants", etc.); literature review (reports, texts and images mobilized within the framework of the schemes and from private sources). Initiated within the framework of a research program called "Pour et Sur le Développement Régional" supported by INRAE, and more specifically the ASTRAL project (Acteurs et Services écosystémiques des Territoires RurAux Lorrains), this doctoral research work is at the crossroads of environmental sociology, public action and rural sociology. It strives to show ...

Agricultural wastelands are a key tool for analyzing institutional, economic, political and social logics in a territory. Although a negative conception of wastelands emerged in the 19th century onwards, it is only from the 1960s that a real fear of the countryside being abandoned took hold. As the agricultural world changed, so did the wastelands. Some public actors point out the social risks of wasteland - abandonment, neglect, desertification - while others (notably agronomists and landscape architects) report the environmental and landscape risks - "landscape closure", homogenization and depletion of biodiversity. The thesis aims at a sociological understanding of this object, with its blurred and shifting contours in socio-historically situated relationships. The research field is a rural territory located near the metropolis of Metz, the Côtes de Moselle, which history has marked with a double imprint of vineyards and industry. The research focuses in particular on a participatory process initiated by an intermunicipality accompanied by the decentralized institutions of the State (the landscape plan of the Moselle and Rupt-de-Mad valleys), and on the practices and representations of various local actors, including a citizens' group (the "Collectif forêt du Val de Metz"). A diversified methodology is used: participant observations of meetings, site visits and participatory workcamps; semi-directive interviews (with the actors of the landscape plan, various "experts", elected representatives, associative members, "inhabitants", etc.); literature review (reports, texts and images mobilized within the framework of the schemes and from private sources). Initiated within the framework of a research program called "Pour et Sur le Développement Régional" supported by INRAE, and more specifically the ASTRAL project (Acteurs et Services écosystémiques des Territoires RurAux Lorrains), this doctoral research work is at the crossroads of environmental sociology, public action and rural sociology. It strives to show ...

Agricultural wastelands are a key tool for analyzing institutional, economic, political and social logics in a territory. Although a negative conception of wastelands emerged in the 19th century onwards, it is only from the 1960s that a real fear of the countryside being abandoned took hold. As the agricultural world changed, so did the wastelands. Some public actors point out the social risks of wasteland - abandonment, neglect, desertification - while others (notably agronomists and landscape architects) report the environmental and landscape risks - "landscape closure", homogenization and depletion of biodiversity. The thesis aims at a sociological understanding of this object, with its blurred and shifting contours in socio-historically situated relationships. The research field is a rural territory located near the metropolis of Metz, the Côtes de Moselle, which history has marked with a double imprint of vineyards and industry. The research focuses in particular on a participatory process initiated by an intermunicipality accompanied by the decentralized institutions of the State (the landscape plan of the Moselle and Rupt-de-Mad valleys), and on the practices and representations of various local actors, including a citizens' group (the "Collectif forêt du Val de Metz"). A diversified methodology is used: participant observations of meetings, site visits and participatory workcamps; semi-directive interviews (with the actors of the landscape plan, various "experts", elected representatives, associative members, "inhabitants", etc.); literature review (reports, texts and images mobilized within the framework of the schemes and from private sources). Initiated within the framework of a research program called "Pour et Sur le Développement Régional" supported by INRAE, and more specifically the ASTRAL project (Acteurs et Services écosystémiques des Territoires RurAux Lorrains), this doctoral research work is at the crossroads of environmental sociology, public action and rural sociology. It strives to show ...

Analyzes links between environmentally friendly attitudes and behavior, including green consumerism, activism, and willingness to pay extra for environmental goods, and whether behavior is driven by local concerns or personal values; 1990s, chiefly. Some focus on the National Environmental Paradigm (NEP), a series of statements to determine attitudes toward the environment.