Suchergebnisse

This article examines Godfrey Reggio's experimental documentary film Koyaanisqatsi in the contexts of: Posthumanism, militarized society, and Ecocinema. The article argues that Koyaanisqatsi's environmentalism is marked by much more complexity than a simple "back-to-nature" ethos. The article concludes by considering what Koyaanisqatsi offers as a warning about drone films.

The article analyzes the issue of the environment as a controversial issue and field characterized by the convergence of contradictory interests and meanings, especially regarding the causes of ecological problems. As an exercise in analytical reflection focused on theoretical aspects, it employs a qualitative methodology that emphasizes bibliographic revision. Over fifty years after the emergence of environmental issues, the challenge of minimizing the progress of ecological degradation is still a pressing issue. In this sense, the main thesis of the article is that the tensions that characterize the environmental issue are part of its socio-historical formation and its contemporary expressions. On the one hand, we have a type of hegemonic environmentalism that acknowledges and manages the ecological crisis through a solid institutional network (mainly, the United Nations system), which fosters the instrumentalization of economic mechanisms. This conceals the fact that the degradation of nature, which is being combated using a market logic, is, paradoxically, the cause of damage to the natural environment. Thus, the green initiatives that arise in the heart of capitalist domination only end up aggravating the environmental crisis. On the other hand and contrary to the former, the critical environmental movement evinces the contradictions between capital and nature, and, consequently, reveals the power relations and the political-ideological components implicit in the links between society and nature. According to this perspective, damages to the natural environment are part of the destructive unfolding of the logic of capital, which, in expanding, subsumes its two sources of wealth: labor and nature. In the midst of this broad and diverse field of thought, we highlight the relevance of Latin American political ecology for understanding the specificities but also the common matrixes shared by the region's socio-environmental realities. The construction of a locus of enunciation of the Latin American leads to the visibilization of contemporary ―but also historical― experiences of struggle against the commodification of life. ; Este artigo analisa a questão ambiental como um objeto e campo de disputas conformado pela confluência de interesses e sentidos contraditórios, em particular, sobre as causas que originam os problemas ecológicos. Trata-se de um trabalho de reflexão analítica focado em aspectos de ordem teórica, por essa razão se utiliza uma metodologia qualitativa com ênfase na revisão bibliográfica. Transcorrido mais de meio século desde a emergência da problemática ambiental, os desafios que tendem a minimizar o avanço do deterioro ecológico são renovados constantemente. Portanto, a tese principal deste artigo se refere a que as tensões que permeiam a questão ambiental fazem parte de sua conformação sócio-histórica e de suas expressões contemporâneas. Dessa maneira, de um lado, desenvolve-se um tipo de ambientalismo hegemônico, no qual a crise ecológica é reconhecida e gerida mediante uma sólida estrutura institucional (principalmente por meio do sistema de Nações Unidas) que propicia a instrumentação de mecanismos econômicos. Com isso, permanece na penumbra que a deterioração da natureza, que procura ser diminuída pela lógica do mercado, é paradoxalmente a causa que origina os danos ao ambiente natural. Assim, as iniciativas que surgem no seio da dominação capitalista não podem mais que continuar aprofundando a crise ambiental. Do outro lado, e de maneira oposta, a corrente ambiental crítica manifesta as contradições entre capital e natureza, e, em consequência, evidencia as relações de poder e os componentes político-ideológicos implícitos nos vínculos entre sociedade e natureza. Para essa perspectiva, os danos ao ambiente natural fazem parte do desenvolvimento destrutivo da lógica do capital, que, na sua expansão, subsomem suas duas fontes de riqueza: o trabalho e a natureza. No interior desse amplo e diverso campo de pensamento, destacamos a relevância da ecologia política latino-americana para compreender as especificidades, mas também as matrizes comuns compartilhadas pelas realidades socioambientais da região. A construção de um lugar de enunciação do latino-americano conduz a visibilizar as experiências de lutas contemporâneas — mas também históricas — contra a mercantilização da vida. ; El presente artículo analiza la cuestión ambiental como un objeto y campo de disputas conformado por la confluencia de intereses y sentidos contradictorios, particularmente en torno a las causas que originan los problemas ecológicos. Se trata de un trabajo de reflexión analítica centrado en aspectos de orden teórico, por lo cual se utiliza una metodología cualitativa con énfasis en la revisión bibliográfica. Transcurrido más de medio siglo desde la emergencia de la problemática ambiental, los desafíos tendientes a minimizar el avance del deterioro ecológico se renuevan constantemente. Por lo tanto, la tesis principal del artículo es que las tensiones que surcan la cuestión ambiental forman parte de su conformación sociohistórica y sus expresiones contemporáneas. De esta manera, de un lado, se despliega un tipo de ambientalismo hegemónico, en el cual la crisis ecológica es reconocida y gestionada mediante un sólido entramado institucional (principalmente a través del sistema de Naciones Unidas) que propicia la instrumentalización de mecanismos económicos. Con ello, permanece en la penumbra que el deterioro de la naturaleza es causado por la lógica de mercado, que paradójicamente es el medio a través del cual buscan mitigarse los daños al entorno natural. Así, las iniciativas enverdecidas que surgen en el seno de la dominación capitalista no pueden más que continuar profundizando la crisis ambiental. Del otro lado, y de manera opuesta, la corriente ambiental crítica pone de manifiesto las contradicciones entre capital y naturaleza, y en consecuencia, evidencia las relaciones de poder y los componentes político-ideológicos implícitos en los vínculos entre sociedad y naturaleza. Para dicha perspectiva, los daños al entorno natural son parte del desenvolvimiento destructivo de la lógica del capital, que en su expansión subsume sus dos fuentes de riqueza: el trabajo y la naturaleza. En el interior de este amplio y diverso campo de pensamiento, destacamos la relevancia de la ecología política latinoamericana para comprender las especificidades, pero también las matrices comunes compartidas por las realidades socioambientales de la región. La construcción de un lugar de enunciación de lo latinoamericano conduce a visibilizar las experiencias de luchas contemporáneas ―pero también históricas― contra la mercantilización de la vida.

The US environmental movement has accomplished much -- from an array of legislation to the widely commemorated Earth Day. Theoretical insights based in literatures on symbolic politics, collective memory, political socialization, & the sociology of time suggest that the regular observance of this holiday inserts environmental values into the national consciousness on a regular basis, socializes children & adults, & unobtrusively legitimizes environmental interest groups. However, Earth Day demonstrates the US environmental movement's limitations & problems. A number of environmental groups consider the holiday's very popularity to be its own undoing, as corporate & business groups use Earth Day as an opportunity to define themselves as supportive of the environment. Drawing from textual sources & a survey of US environmental group leaders & staff, demonstrated is how the holiday has proved to be a mixed legacy, reflecting the schisms permeating US environmentalism. 2 Figures, 50 References. Adapted from the source document.

"Dirt Persuasion examines a watershed moment in U.S. environmental politics: the fight over the Keystone XL Pipeline. The complex interplay of resources extraction industries with grassroots environmentalism and advocacy has transformed the role of activists in the contemporary public sphere. Bold Nebraska's years-long fight against pipeline company TransCanada provides a compelling case study: a contemporary state-level organization that simultaneously challenged political and business leaders in its home state of Nebraska, at the national level in the United States, and in the foreign jurisdiction of Canada. Dirt Persuasion sheds light not only on the activism practices of social movements but also on the changing environments in which such actions are deployed. The KXL Pipeline fight represents a watershed moment not only for U.S. energy politics but also in the communication of environmental activism. The rural dimension of this environmental saga is critical: environmentalism must be understood from the perspective of the rural Americans who coexist with one of the planet's most delicate ecologies. Populism, rhetorical appeals, strategic advocacy framing, and media framing all factor prominently within the pipeline debate-leading to a civic environmental persuasion built on the attributes of narrative, engagement, hyperlocalization, and bipartisanship in order to build broad stakeholder support and influence public policy. "--

Despite the dire implications of anthropogenic climate change, societies have failed to take comprehensive action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A major reason for the lack of social and political engagement on this issue is the way in which political myths function to overcome the contradiction of environmental degradation and endless economic growth. Through a qualitative analysis of Australian business responses to climate change, we outline how the myths of corporate environmentalism, corporate citizenship, and corporate omnipotence absorb and adapt the critique of corporate capitalism while enabling ever more imaginative ways of exploiting nature -- a process of 'creative self-destruction'. Rather than seeking to falsify these myths, we explore how they are supported and what they seek to achieve -- the work of myths. Revealing the nature of current political myths in relation to climate change is, we argue, a necessary first step to constructing alternative imaginaries. Adapted from the source document.

Chapter 1. Introduction: "The Time for Social and Political Transformation Based on the Environment is Now." -- Chapter 2. Environmentalism and Political Ideologies -- Chapter 3 Democracy, Citizenship and Nationalism in Environmental Political Theory -- Chapter 4. Eco-anxiety and the Responses of Ecological Citizenship and Mindfulness -- Chapter 5. Biosphere Breaking Bad: The Imperatives of Deep Adaptation -- Chapter 6. Animal Citizens: Do We Need to Rethink the Status of Animals or Citizenship Itself? -- Chapter 7. Degrowth: A State of Depense -- Chapter 8. The Nature of the State: A Deep History of Agrarian Environmentalism -- Chapter 9. The Environmental Political Role of Counter-Hegemonic Environmental Ethics: Replacing Supremacist Ethics and Connecting Environmental Politics, Environmental Political Theory and Environmental Sciences -- Chapter 10. Critical Feminism: A Feminist Environmental Research Network (FERN) for Collaborative and Relational Praxis -- Chapter 11. Property and the Anthropocene: Why Power on Things is Central to Our Ecological Predicament -- Chapter 12. Ecosystem Policy and Law: A Philosophical Argument for the Anticipatory Regulation of Environmental Risk, etc.

Preliminary Material -- Introduction – The Dynamics of Climate and the Dynamics of Culture /Barbara Schuler -- 1 Cosmos, Commodity, and Care: Three Layers in Hindu Environmental Awareness /Albertina Nugteren -- 2 Ideas and Images of Nature in Thai Buddhism: Continuity and Change /Martin Seeger -- 3 Shifting Notions of Nature and Environmentalism in Indonesian Islam /Monika Arnez -- 4 Irrigation in South Thailand as a Coping Strategy against Climate Change: Past and Present /Janice Stargardt -- 5 The Emergence of the Cryoscape: Contested Narratives of Himalayan Glacier Dynamics and Climate Change /Marcus Nüsser and Ravi Baghel -- 6 A Shift in India's Domestic and International Climate Policy? /Joachim Betz -- 7 New Politics, Old Paradigms: Urban Environmentalism and the Reshaping of New Delhi /Somnath Batabyal -- 8 Environmental Justice in Thailand in the Age of Climate Change /Susan M. Darlington -- 9 Mitigating Climate Change: An Additional Role for Technology and Policy in India as well as International Arenas /Rüdiger Haum -- 10 Institutional Dynamics of Climate Change Adaptation in Southeast Asia: The Role of ASEAN /Dennis Eucker -- Bibliography /Barbara Schuler -- Index /Barbara Schuler.

The environment in Palestine in the late Ottomas period, 1789-1918 -- The environmental legacy of the Fellaheen and the Bedouin -- Human impact on wildlife in Israel since the nineteenth-century -- Zionist and Israeli perspectives on population growth and environmental impact in Palestine and Israel -- Combating desertification : evolving perceptions and strategies -- The agricultural roots of Israel's water crisis -- Open space in an urban society -- The battle of the "True Believers" : environmentalism in Israeli party politics -- Environmental challenges facing the Arab Society in Israel -- A prolonged recessional : the continuing influence of British rule on Israeli environmental law -- Marin-pollution abatement along Israel's Mediterranean coast : a story of policy success -- Olive green : environment, militarism, and the Israel Defense Forces -- "Going beyond Israel" : epistemic communities, global interests, and international environmental agreements -- Toward sustainable development : mainstreaming environment in Israel -- Anthropogenic climate change in Israel -- Nature knows no boundaries? : notes toward a future history of regional environmentalism -- The future of the Israeli environmental movement : is a major paradigm shift under way?

Under Buddhist philosophy, followed by Dalits and other marginalised groups, an organic relationship exists between environment, knowledge and society where natural resources are conceived as equal partners and their identity is enmeshed with these. However, this organic balance between environment, knowledge and society gets disrupted by certain kind of materialistic thinking which not only creates ecological imbalance but also social conflict, exposes people to a whole range of risks like dislocation, loss of livelihood, work burden for women, health issues, loss of culture to destruction of civil rights. Against this backdrop, this paper reflects on sustainable development and analyses environmental degradation caused by the proliferation of chemical and pharmaceutical industry by encapsulating how neoliberalism smartly appropriate caste system and its attendant inequality, resulting in pain and suffering of subaltern masses. Foregrounding the study in the four villages of Sanand Block, Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, this article discusses the politics of environmentalism, spells out 'environmentalism of the poor' and narrates the way subaltern communities manage to live with environmental burden.

Historically, environmentalism has not served the US long-term objectives and goals to advance its influence and hegemony in the world. From the Post-cold war period onwards, US politics took war interventions as a top security issue and denied the non-traditional threats such as climate change to be a part of its national security agenda. On the other hand, many countries have included the threat of climate change in their national security domain. Meanwhile, in the US, climate action has never been a central part of its national security and foreign policy objective. The first section of this paper aims to critically evaluate the US domestic policies and foreign policy from the Nixon administration to Trump's administration. It shows that the US has a promising start in addressing nontraditional threats but soon became a laggard in the subsequent years. Secondly, this paper tries to answer a very pertinent question that why does the US remain a laggard to consider environmentalism to be part of its national security agenda?

Historically, environmentalism has not served the US long-term objectives and goals to advance its influence and hegemony in the world. From the Post-cold war period onwards, US politics took war interventions as a top security issue and denied the non-traditional threats such as climate change to be a part of its national security agenda. On the other hand, many countries have included the threat of climate change in their national security domain. Meanwhile, in the US, climate action has never been a central part of its national security and foreign policy objective. The first section of this paper aims to critically evaluate the US domestic policies and foreign policy from the Nixon administration to Trump's administration. It shows that the US has a promising start in addressing nontraditional threats but soon became a laggard in the subsequent years. Secondly, this paper tries to answer a very pertinent question that why does the US remain a laggard to consider environmentalism to be part of its national security agenda?

Environmentalist are sceptical towards the burgeoning interests of consumers in GM crops and the products are under careful observation of the scientific researchers and policymakers present all around the globe. The objective of the paper is to examine the Developing Nation consumers intention towards GM Food as a purchase choice. To elucidate the role played by determinant factors such as Environmentalism and Emotional Involvement followed by factors from TPB was used to determine the consumer intentions. The study has exploited the hypermarket trends of Indian city, Chandigarh, which is capital to states of Haryana and Punjab, by using a cross-sectional survey comprising of 744 number of consumers. Result shows that among the five determinant factors, Attitude, Environmentalism and Perceived Behavioral Control are the key determinants that play a substantial role in influencing consumers to purchase GM Food. The findings of the study will prove beneficial in augmenting the adoption of GM Food by increasing social desirability and meeting the food security demand of India.

Abstract
The prevailing stance in Jewish orthodoxy is that environmental issues are extra-legal and not under the purview of halakhah (Jewish law). While considered important, environmental protection falls only under "midat haḥasidut" (extraordinary piety). This ultimately translates into environmental protection being treated as non-obligatory and only under the purview of righteous behavior rather than obligation. This has created a significant barrier to halakhically driven environmental decision-making. I argue that this worldview emerges from the process of conceptualizing the prohibition of bal tashḥit—"waste not," the prohibition against wastefulness originating in Deuteronomy 20:19. This verse gave rise to two worldviews: one which was prioritized of not destroying the environment out of compassion for the non-human world, and another marginalized worldview that emphasized a self-concerned environmentalism which equates harm to the environment as self-harm. Privileging this latter worldview creates a pathway to advance Jewish legal discourse and align it with mainstream environmentalism.

This is a paper about the politics of fishing rights in and around the Gahirmatha marine sanctuary in coastal Odisha, in eastern India. Claims to the resources of this sanctuary are politicised through the creation of a particularly damaging narrative by influential Odiya environmental actors about Bengalis, as illegal immigrants who have hurt the ecosystem through their fishing practices. Anchored within a theoretical framework of justice as recognition, the paper considers the making of a regional Odiya environmentalism that is, potentially, deeply exclusionary. It details how an argument about 'illegal Bengalis' depriving 'indigenous Odiyas' of their legitimate 'traditional fishing rights' derives from particular notions of indigeneity and territory. But the paper also shows that such environmentalism is tenuous, and fits uneasily with the everyday social landscape of fishing in coastal Odisha. It concludes that a wider class conflict between small fishers and the state over a sanctuary sets the context in which questions about legitimate resource rights are raised, sometimes with important effects, like when out at sea.