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AbstractMorphodynamics is a general theory of stationay complex system, such as living systems, or mental and social systems it is based on the thermodynamics of physical systems and built on the same lines. By means of the ergodic hypothesis thermodynamics is known to connect the particle dynamics to the energence of order parameters in the equation of state. In the same way, morphodynamics connects order parameters to the emergence of higher level variables; through recurrent applications of the ergodic hypothesis, a hierarchy of equations of state is established which describes a series of successive levels of organization. The equation support a cogmitiveist interpretation that leads to general principles of evolution: the principles determine thespontaneous and irreversible complexification of systems living in their natural environment.

This book is an updated version of the information theory classic, first published in 1990. About one-third of the book is devoted to Shannon source and channel coding theorems; the remainder addresses sources, channels, and codes and on information and distortion measures and their properties. New in this edition: Expanded treatment of stationary or sliding-block codes and their relations to traditional block codesExpanded discussion of results from ergodic theory relevant to information theoryExpanded treatment of B-processes -- processes formed by stationary coding memoryless sourcesNew mat.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Figures and Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Ergodics and Ludology -- 1.1 Ergodics and Ludology -- 1.2 Making a Case for Interdisciplinarity -- 1.3 Discourse Analysis -- 1.4 Problems with Definitions -- 2 Interactive Play -- 2.1 Play Theory: A Summary for the Unfamiliar -- 2.2 Defining the Player -- 2.3 Interactivity -- 2.4 Evoking Human-Computer Interaction -- 3 Human-Computer Interaction -- 3.1 Game Literacy and Representation: Remediation, Immediacy, and Language -- 3.2 Ergodic Literature and Computer-Mediated Communication -- 3.3 Interview Data: Discourses of Fantasy vs. Reality -- 3.4 Personalized Concepts and Experiences of Play -- 4 New Literacies -- 4.1 Interactive Digital Games as Cultural Narrative and Imagination -- 4.2 Non-linear Storytelling and Narrative Elements of Interactivity -- 4.3 Interview Data: Experiences of Narrative -- 4.4 Divergent Pathways and Potentialities -- 4.5 Experiential Narrative Forms -- 5 Ideology and Self-Identification -- 5.1 Identity and Ideology: Discourse, Gender, and Character Connections -- 5.2 Immersion: Believability, Virtual Worlds, and the Uncanny Valley -- 5.3 Interview Data: Masculinities -- 5.4 Ergodic Ontogeny: Demonstrated in Discourse -- 5.5 Self-Identification and New Media Identity Construction -- 5.6 Role of the Player -- 6 Reflective Research -- 6.1 Layers of Meaning -- 6.2 Limited Identities for Unexpected Players -- 6.3 The Physical Effects of Interactive Play -- 6.4 Reflexivity -- 6.5 In Conclusion -- Index

Information theory, and the concept of information channel, allows us to calculate the mutual information between the source (input) and the receiver (output), both represented by probability distributions over their possible states. In this paper, we use the theory behind the information channel to provide an enhanced interpretation to a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), a square matrix whose columns and rows present the expenditure and receipt accounts of economic actors. Under our interpretation, the SAM's coefficients, which, conceptually, can be viewed as a Markov chain, can be interpreted as an information channel, allowing us to optimize the desired level of aggregation within the SAM. In addition, the developed information measures can describe accurately the evolution of a SAM over time. Interpreting the SAM matrix as an ergodic chain could show the effect of a shock on the economy after several periods or economic cycles. Under our new framework, finding the power limit of the matrix allows one to check (and confirm) whether the matrix is well-constructed (irreducible and aperiodic), and obtain new optimization functions to balance the SAM matrix. In addition to the theory, we also provide two empirical examples that support our channel concept and help to understand the associated measures ; M.S., M.F. and M.V. acknowledge support from the project PID2019-106426RB-C31 from the Spanish Government

AbstractWe present techniques for classifying Markov chains with a continuous state space as either ergodic or recurrent. These methods are analogous to those of Foster for countable space chains. The theory is presented in the first half of the paper, while the second half consists of examples illustrating these techniques. The technique for proving ergodicity involves, in practice, three steps: showing that the chain is irreducible in a suitable sense; verifying that the mean hitting times on certain (usually bounded) sets are bounded, by using a "mean drift" criterion analogous to that of Foster; and finally, checking that the chain is such that bounded mean hitting times for these sets does actually imply ergodicity.The examples comprise a number of known and new results: using our techniques we investigate random walks, queues with waiting‐time‐dependent service times, dams with general and random‐release rules, the s‐S inventory model, and feedback models.

We review some recent results on goodness of fit test for the drift coefficient of a one‐dimensional ergodic diffusion, where the diffusion coefficient is a nuisance function which however is estimated. Using a theory for the continuous observation case, we first present a test based on deterministic discrete time observations of the process. Then we also propose a test based on the data observed discretely in space, that is, the so‐called tick time sample scheme. In both sampling schemes the limit distribution of the test is the supremum of the standard Brownian motion, thus the test is asymptotically distribution free. The tests are also consistent under any fixed alternatives.

Part I: Introductory Matter -- 1.Utility and Demand -- 2.Elements of Production -- Part II: Models -- 3.Cournot I: Constant Returns -- 4.Cournot II: Returns to Scale and Stability -- Bertrand -- 6.Stackelberg -- 7.Hotelling Duopoly -- 8.Disequilibrium Trade and Pricing of Durable Commodities -- 9.Macroeconomics and the Trade Cycle -- Part III: Model Stubs -- 10.Introduction to the Stubs -- 11.Caudex Primus -- 12.Caudex Secundus -- 13.Caudex Tertius -- 14.Caudex Quartus -- 15.Caudex Quintus -- 16.Caudex Sextus -- 17.Caudex Septimus -- 18 -- Caudex Octavus -- 19.Caudex Nonus -- 20.Caudex Decimus -- 21.Caudex Undecimus -- 22.Caudex Duodecimus.

Dynamical systems -- Deterministic linear systems -- Deterministic nonlinear systems -- Stochastic difference equations -- Markov processes -- Ergodic theory and stationary processes -- Dynamic optimization -- Markov decision process model -- Finite-horizon dynamic programming -- Infinite-horizon dynamic programming -- Applications -- Linear-quadratic models -- Control under partial information -- Numerical methods -- Structural estimation -- Equilibrium analysis -- Complete markets exchange economies -- Neoclassical growth models -- Bayesian estimation of dsge models using dynare -- Overlapping generations models -- Incomplete markets models -- Search and matching models of unemployment -- Dynamic new keynesian models -- Further topics -- Recursive utility -- Dynamic games -- Recursive contracts -- Mathematical appendixes -- References -- Matlab index -- Name index -- Subject index.

Introduction: Toward a New Transdisciplinary Approach for Evolutionary Controversies -- I Streams of Evolutionary Economics -- A Viewpoint on Evolutionary Economic Theory -- How Can Evolutionary Economics Evolve? -- Economics and Darwinism -- II Evolutionary Nonlinear Dynamics -- Economic Development in the Arts, Crafts, and Sciences -- onlinear Dynamics of Debt and Capital: A Post-Keynesian Analysis -- Attractor Stability in Unemployment and Inflation Rates -- III Experimental Economics and Evolution -- volution and Negative Reciprocity -- Avatamsaka Game Structure and Experiment on the Web -- IV Multiagent Systems and Complexity -- On the Relevance of Genetic Programming to Evolutionary Economics -- Social Interaction and Coordination Failures in a Simple Model of Technology Adoption -- Effects of Competitive Metaplayers in the Distributed Social Dilemma -- V New Frontiers for Evolutionary Economics -- U-Mart: A Test Bed for Interdisciplinary Research into Agent-Based Artificial Markets -- Econophysics: Empirical Laws, Theory, and Application -- The Master Equation Approach to Self-Organization in Labor Mobility -- VI Economic Heresies -- From "Historical Time" to the Economics of Complexity -- Why Should Economists, Including (Old) Institutionalists, be Interested in Critical Realism? -- Author Index.

"The qualitative dynamics of a discrete time version of a deterministic, continuous time, nonlinear macro model formulated by Haavelmo are fully characterized. Recently developed methods of symbolic dynamics and ergodic theory are shown to provide a simple, effective means of analyzing the behavior of the resulting one-parameter family of first-order, deterministic, nonlinear difference equations. A complex periodic and random "aperiodic" orbit structure dependent on a key structural parameter is present, which contrasts with the total absence of such complexity in Haavelmo's continuous time version. Several implications for dynamic economic modelling are discussed"--Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis web site

[EN] We prove that the set of points doubly asymptotic to a point has measure zero with respect to any expansive outer regular measure for a bi-measurable map on a separable uniform space. Consequently, we give a class of measures which cannot be expansive for Denjoy home-omorphisms on S1. We then investigate the existence of expansive measures for maps with various dynamical notions. We further show that measure expansive (strong measure expansive) homeomorphisms with shadowing have periodic (strong periodic) shadowing. We relate local weak specification and periodic shadowing for strong measure expansive systems. ; The first author is supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, under INSPIRE Fellowship (Registration No- IF150210) Program since March 2015. ; Das, P.; Das, T. (2019). A note on measure and expansiveness on uniform spaces. Applied General Topology. 20(1):19-31. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.8843 ; SWORD ; 19 ; 31 ; 20 ; 1 ; A. Arbieto and C. A. Morales, Some properties of positive entropy maps, Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 34 (2014), 765-776. https://doi.org/10.1017/etds.2012.162 ; B. F. Bryant, On expansive homeomorphisms, Pacific J. Math. 10 (1960), 1163-1167. https://doi.org/10.2140/pjm.1960.10.1163 ; J. R. Brown, Ergodic theory and topological dynamics, Academic Press (1976). ; M. Brin and G. Stuck, Introduction to dynamical systems, Cambridge University Press (2002). ; B. Carvalho and W. Cordeiro, N-expansive homeomorphisms with the shadowing property, J. Differential Equations 261 (2016), 3734-3755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2016.06.003 ; W. Cordiero, M. Denker and X. Zhang, On specification and measure expansiveness, Discrete Continuous Dyn. Syst. 37 (2017), 1941-1957. https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2017082 ; T. Das, K. Lee, D. Richeson and J. Wiseman, Spectral decomposition for topologically Anosov homeomorphisms on non-compact and non-metrizable spaces, Topology Appl. 160 (2013), 149-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2012.10.010 ; P. Das and T. ...

Cover -- Half-title -- Title page -- Copyright information -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- List of figures -- 1 Introduction and history -- Recovery from the neoclassical synthesis -- Recovery from Keynes himself -- Extensions -- Money supply and banks -- Inflation -- Economic growth -- Imperfect competition and microeconomics -- Methodology -- A map with crucial names and dates -- Foundation -- Identity -- Diaspora -- Hamlet without the prince -- Revisiting post-Keynesian theory -- 2 Flavours of uncertainty -- Definitions and early twentieth-century foundations -- Ergodic and non-ergodic -- Human abilities -- Conclusion -- 3 Conventions and the thirst for liquidity -- Nihilism, "as if" assumptions and the "epistemic interval" -- Conventional judgement -- Liquidity preference -- Capacity utilization -- Nominal contracts -- Conclusion -- 4 Effective demand -- Say's law -- Aggregate supply and aggregate demand under barter -- The point of effective demand in Marshallian (Keynesian) form -- The point of effective demand in Kaleckian form -- A comparative assessment -- Conclusion -- 5 Time and money -- A durable good -- The marginal efficiency of investment -- A continuum of assets -- Liquidity preference -- Conclusion -- 6 Banks -- Problems -- A useful diagram -- The accommodationist or horizontalist view -- The structuralist view -- Central bank reactions -- Commercial banks' lending -- Households' liquidity preference -- Conclusion -- 7 Destabilizing stability -- Hyman Minsky -- An economy doing well -- The Minsky moment -- The global financial crisis as a flight to liquidity -- An evaluation and conclusion -- 8 Where to now? -- Inflation -- Government expenditure and debt -- Growth -- A final word -- References -- Index.

According to 'Austrian' Liberalism, an order could be defined as the unintentional result of individual choices with which, sometimes in unforeseen situations but supported by experience, individuals have managed to select rules of conduct aimed at reducing unintended, unexpected consequences and undesirables of human actions. In this order – which is therefore a provisional 'state' that no one in particular wanted and whose future is open to unexplored possibilities – knowledge and time play a primary role. However, not only has this type of order never existed (because the political regimes we have experienced were formed above all through acts of oppression, of power and through collective and political choices), but today it also has little chance of being realized . In fact, in situations characterized by the continuous emergence of new circumstances and scientific, technological and moral innovations, the time in which individual and social expectations are formed, modified and spread tends to increasingly diverge from that which institutions use to make choices. policies that favor or maintain a dimension of order understood as predictability of the outcomes of behaviors and choices in a non-ergodic world. Nonetheless, starting from 'Austrian' themes such as the theory of exchange, institutions, catallaxy and above all time, the author believes that a perhaps unorthodox but fruitful elaboration of a liberal theory of order is still possible.

1. David Pines and Me -- 2. To err is human: the complex nature of human reproduction and prenatal development -- 3. Short notes on theories of species diversity -- 4. Museum Workshop, evolution of human intelligence and education -- 5. Anomalous behavior of random walks on disordered media -- 6. Pollution, Human Capital, and Growth Cycles -- 7. Productive Consumption in a Two-Sector Model of Economic Development -- 8. Time and Mnemonic Morphism -- 9. Universality and the Role of Limitations Influencing Interdisciplinary Scientific and Cultural Advances -- 10. Some Conceptual Principles with Mathematical Background for Interdisciplinary Developments in the Sciences and Beyond -- 11. The Role of Paradox in the Development of Interdisciplinary Scientific and Cultural Advances -- 12. Elucidation of Chaotic Market Hypothesis Based on Ergodic Theory -- 13 -- Itinerant-Electron Magnetism and Spin Fluctuations− Aspects of Theories and Experiments -- 14. Quantum-size effect probed by NMR measurements -- 15. Recent Topics on Organic Spin Liquid Candidates -- 16. Impact of Reactive Oxygen Species and G-quadruplexes in Telomeres and Mitochondria -- 17.Evolution, Motor of the Changing Biosphere -- 18. New horizons in brain science -- 19. Evolutionary perspective on Suffering : Murase's "Self-Nonself circulation theory of life" applied to PRISM (Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure) -- 20. Machine Learning for Metabolic Identification -- 21. Ignorance, Creation, Destruction -- 22. A Unified Theory and Practice of Creative Complex Systems: Challenging to the Systemic Problems Spanning the Inside and Outside World. .