Falko Trischler zeigt anhand empirischer Analysen, dass die soziale Ungleichheit der Alterseinkunfte in Folge des Wandels der Erwerbsverlaufe und der Rentenreformmaßnahmen in den kommenden Jahren deutlich zunehmen wird. Der Autor behandelt die vielfachen Zusammenhange von Erwerbsverlauf, Altersubergang und Alterssicherung sowie deren Folgewirkungen fur die Frage nach der sozialen Ungleichheit im Alter. Es ist zu befurchten, dass gerade Beschaftigte mit ohnehin bruchigen Erwerbsverlaufen und entsprechend niedrigen Rentenanwartschaften in besonderem Maße von den negativen Folgen der Rentenreformen betroffen sind.
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Older people today find themselves in a more favourable life situation than previous generations: Many of them have a high standard of living, a high level of education and good health. In view of this potential, the question arises as to what plans and ideas older people have today about living in the "third age". What decisions do they make in their transition to retirement with regard to further employment participation, civil society involvement or family support? This volume presents current findings from the interdisciplinary study "Transitions and Old Age Potential (TOP)" by the Federal Institute for Population Research on the life plans, potentials and transitions of 55- to 70-year-olds in Germany. In addition to presenting current scientific results, the volume aims to derive recommendations for action for politicians, companies and civil society organisations - and not least for the elderly themselves.
Women play an increasingly important role in the labour market and as wage earners. Moreover, in many countries, young women have outperformed men in terms of educational attainment and qualification. Still, women's human capital investment does not pay off as it does for men as they are still significantly disadvantaged on the labour market. Based on a qualitative empirical investigation with women in their mid-career, this article investigates the role of learning for women's labour market participation and career paths. Women's careers complexly intersect with role expectations, family needs, the career of the partner and anticipation of low returns of educational investment. This is typically reflected in discontinuous employment, part-time work and women's secondary wage earner position in the family. Furthermore, women qualified at the intermediate skills level are more likely to move horizontally in their career than vertically. Horizontal mobility thereby requires significant engagement with learning as the German labour market usually requires a formal qualification to realise a career change. Learning and further training thus become instrumental to facilitate and support women's career transitions, which are often aimed at re-entering regular employment after longer periods of family-related interruptions and/or to remain qualified in jobs in the social, health and educational fields, all of which are female dominated. Ultimately, women's significant engagement with continuing learning is not primarily expected to support career advancement and vertical mobility, particularly as it can neither alter discontinuities of employment nor the German-specific nexus between welfare, family and education policies and the labour market. This challenges the lifelong learning rhetoric insofar as one key aim of lifelong learning policies is to support labour market inclusion and the mobility of disadvantaged groups.
