Suchergebnisse

Esta resenha trata do fenômeno da memória e suas variantes, como a memória coletiva. Nesta obra é demonstrada a relação entre a memória e a identidade dos indivíduos e grupos.

The present work aimed to analyze the importance of the fishermen colony from the city of Babaçulândia (TO) through the investigation of the assignments, which are delegated to them in the fish handling and the representation of the associated Ribeirinhos before the legal entities in the struggles to guarantee their rights. Thus, a number of two hundred associated families were found, which are under the jurisdiction and protection of the colony under debate. The work also contemplated and analyzed the damages caused by the construction of the Estreito Hydroelectric Power Plant in the everyday life of the Ribeirinhos, such as the reduction of fish, the process of deterritorialization and unjust compensation. In order to achieve these objectives, field visitsand interviews with associate members were carried out, as well with the leaders of the colony, totalizing a quantitative of ten interviews, whose purpose was to assimilate the way of organization of that community, and to verify how the Ribeirinhos perceive and feel the problems brought after the construction of the hydroelectric plant in their social, economic, cultural and physical environment.

Ensaio fotografico na comunidade do Vão das Almas

This paper purpose is to peer if the toponymic tribute to Nina Rodrigues in the state of Maranhão advocates implicitly the myth sedimented by Phrenology that human interbreeding produces ethnic degeneration, as this Brazilian physician(1862-1906) used to postulate flying on the assumption of a superiority of the white ethnicity. (SKIDMORE, 1989). This is a bibliographic search and it is anchored on the studies of (CLOVAL, 2001), (NASH, 2013) e (DICK, 1987, 1990). In the beginning, it intends to show that the racist theses of Dr. Nina Rodrigues, clearly unveiled by means of the vocabulary he employs, are arising from a historic context carved out by the European Social Darwinism and the slaveholder ideology, maintained in Brazil, even after 1888, and, that such a paradigm should be rejected at the light of the highest spectrum anthropological discoveries existent today. So, starting from postulates about the negro ethnicity origin, their ethnonyms and acts in the old civilization, it touches the illation that miseducation, cruel treatment, and constant depreciation, coming from several makers of social opinion, build behaviors and the said hereditary degenerative defects, i/o it is not an immanently wild nature, but a product.

Na busca por caminhos para o seu desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade os seres humanos se organizaram em grupamentos de diversos níveis de complexidade, fazendo surgir comunidades (com estruturas mais simples e relacionadas à afetividade) e sociedades (pautadas por mecanismos legais estruturados como leis e contratos). Neste campo, considerando a tradição e a cultura dos povos, foram se esculpindo as comunidades tradicionais. A delimitação conceitual de povos e comunidades tradicionais e a convergência entre este tema com a promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável foi muito fortalecido no Brasil após a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 e no seu desdobramento legislações que buscam regular as relações e os conflitos de interesse entre atores sociais diversos. Dentre os diversos temas e termos tratados nas últimas décadas, a aplicação do termo "território" na interlocução com comunidades tradicionais tem exigido bons debates teóricos e muitos estudos sobre a relação do homem com a natureza. Este artigo trata do diálogo teórico sobre este novo campo, com o intuito de ajudar na estruturação científica e prática da aplicação do termo "território".

In the paper, from a systematic analysis of the literary production of Brazilian Indigenous writers, we will argue that, since the middle of XXs, Brazilian Indian peoples start to affirm and use the public sphere, in terms of activism, militancy and engagement, as the strategy and the place par excellence to the thematization of national Indian condition, as reaction to processes of social-economic expansion and political-cultural negation which put in check their own existence, refusing also the technocratic paternalism and dependent responsibility imposed to them. With the purpose of consolidating themselves as active public-political subjects, they opted for school education and for the appropriation of epistemological tolls and digital techniques which allow them to insert in the national socialization, to modernize politically, culturally and epistemologically in order to streamline a perspective of criticism regarding our conservative modernization from the internal communitarian self-organization and the construction of a network of collaboration among the indigenous nations. This posture leads to the deconstruction of the image cultural and normatively produced in terms of colonization, of a savage, rude and barbarous Indian, restricted to the more far corner of forest, incapable of civilization; and, in its place, it is consolidated exactly the role of the socialized Indian, in the full capability of political citizenship, producing and publicizing the own knowledge, culture and art. From the appropriation of school education and of these epistemological-digital tools and techniques we go, therefore, to an activist, militant and engaged posture in the public, political and cultural sphere, by means of the correlation of Indian Movement and Indian literature, in which the promotion of ethnic-anthropological singularity is in the basis of the criticism to modernity constituted and performed by Indian peoples, their intellectuals and writers.

Territories are composed of the excluded, groups of people who have been marginalized by production process someway. To identify those groups and discover their location is important to comprehend territorial vitality. Therefore, this paper aims to detect the excluded groups within Tocantins state by using data of the demographic census determined by IBGE in 2010. It can be asserted that Afro-American and American-Indian, ethnic groups traditionally explored in Brazil, have settled remotely from the main federal road (BR-135), considered the most important develpment area of the state. Thus, the existing territorial structure in Tocantins can be seen as a result of clashes occured in the past, in which Afro-American, American-Indian and peasants have not achieved significant access to profits of the production process. As a consequence, those groups have been driven off from the main development center which connects Tocantins to the rest of the country.

The artisanal fisheries has great importance forthe Amazonian indigenous communities, as a form of subsistence, and for the cultural and tradition of these communities. In this study, we analyzed the fishery developed in four indigenous communities of the Mura people indigenous of the Lake Ayapuá Land,in the lower Purus River. The fishes were classified according to the composition and importance of the species in weight and number of individuals, structure and size of the individuals captured, and total weight of the catches, between October and December of 2008. The most commercialized species were the Aruanã (Osteoglossumbicirrhosum), the pescada (Plagioscionsquamosissimus), the "feras" or big catfish (dourada, Brachyplatystomarousseauxiiand the filhote Brachyplatystomafilamentosum) and the tucunaré (Cichlamonoculus). The most commonly consumed species were aruanã, tucunaré, piranha-caju (Pygocentrusnattereri) and acará-açu (Astronotuscrassipinni). Species such as tucunaré and pescada have catch sizes within the standards permitted by legislation. However, acará-açu, aruanã, tambaqui (Colossomamacropomum), surubim (Pseudoplatystomapunctifer), caparari (Pseudoplatystomatigrinum), filhote and dourada do not have the same legal standard. Most of the production (87%) was destined for commercialization with Fish buyer. Preventive and mitigating measures are proposed to ensure the permanence of fish stocks and consequently the sustainability of fishing and the maintenance of the local population.

Este artigo é resultado de uma etnografia documental em que se
convencionou analisar dois "casos jurídicos de transmissão do HIV" (Vírus da
Imunodeficiência Humana). Privilegiei os acionamentos jurídicos utilizados para
se construir dentro de Instituições Legais essas situações. Para a estruturação do
texto, o dividi em três partes: Primeiro, uma breve condução história dos
alicerces brasileiro de resposta à Aids. Segundo, a parte etnográfica narrada (à
luz de documentos) e, terceiro, uma discussão antropológica em como esse tipo
de estudo etnográfico pode contribuir para pensar o tema da criminalização de
transmissão do HIV no caso brasileiro. Ao fim, conclui-se que, o "enredo das
condenações" é revestido de relações de poder, moralidades e controvérsias e
que as situações trazidas estão imersas na vida social.

O presente trabalho tem como foco a felicidade na sociedade contemporânea estabelecendo uma relação com o consumo e a inveja. Primeiramente, foi utilizada a visão da antropologia sobre as emoções. A felicidade fora debatida a partir da visão dos autores consultados para a realização deste trabalho, no âmbito da modernidade e do consumo. Também se fez a discussão acerca da superexposição da felicidade do homem comum, tendo a mídia e a publicidade como maiores legitimadores para esse feito. A crítica ao consumo aqui não busca nega-lo como fator importante para a manutenção econômica da sociedade, mas a forma que está atingindo as pessoas que não estão querendo adquirir somente produtos, mas padrões e estilos de vida.

The religious experience felt as the apprehension of an absolute reality that expression of the sacred can be established in specific and determined spaces, but inevitably dissolves often In everyday life through symbols and practices. Between flavors and aromas, pans and recipes, there is the possibility of developing more than a gastronomic experience, for the devotees Hare Krishna is the realization of a meeting with God and the manifestation in the practice of a theoretical conception. To understand this conversion of the seized in the ancient scriptures of Indian origin in the day-to-day life of a person living in Fortaleza is the main essence of this research, which will analyze how the categories of kindness, passion and ignorance in the dietary practices of this social group.

In the 1970s & 1980s, migratory flows of Portuguese & luso-Africans from old Portuguese African colonies towards to Sao Paulo were the result of the pressures of difficult & complex African & Portuguese politics. Three very different cultural experiences were in play: that of the portuguese colony, the african context, & the Brazilian character of the destination, Sao Paulo. This paper explores the migrant's complex displacement experiences, the insertion of the migrant into the new context & the conflicts of identity that this migratory process entailed. We concentrate on the recent past, which has not been extensively researched. We use a method we call 'summarized life-histories', which seemed appropriate, as we didn't know what the immigrants would tell us. We present a number of specific cases to exemplify our analysis. Through them, we can see that memories refer to events, people & places from the three continents, through the conscious & unconscious construction of multiple identities.

Analisa a aplicabilidade e uso da etnografia como metodologia para explorar a pesquisa na área da Ciência da Informação. Como pesquisa teórica objetiva resgatar na literatura da área, o reconhecimento da etnografia como forma metodológica na construção científica, a partir de reflexões sobre este método de pesquisa no reconhecimento de valores subjetivos e permitir um olhar crítico sobre a pesquisa no campo da Ciência da Informação. Reconhece o valor desse método para o estudo de um contexto multicultural, entendendo a cultura da informação sob uma perspectiva emergente na área em estudo, cujo aprofundamento requer valores e instrumentos antropológicos coerentes com as diversas áreas interdisciplinares que compõe o campo científico da informação. A pesquisa explora a literatura, acolhendo dados para uma análise interpretativa do discurso de diversos autores, desta forma visa uma reflexão que priorize a representação qualitativa do conhecimento. Na conclusão apresenta as diversas evidências da importância da cultura, agregada implicitamente na construção de uma informação, e que conseqüentemente irá gerar um novo conhecimento, sendo assim, reforça o adequado uso da ferramenta etnográfica para melhor explorar a temática. Também apresenta recomendações de continuidade na perspectiva desse estudo sob diversas diretrizes, que poderão trazer contribuições significativas para esta área do conhecimento.