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Turkey's neo-Eurasianist ideologues describe themselves as 'Kemalist Eurasianists'. They argue that 'Eurasianism calls for a cultural, military, political and commercial alliance with Turkey's eastern neighbors, notably Russia, Iran, the Turkic countries of Central Asia, and even Pakistan, India and China' and is 'hostile towards any type of pro-Western policy in the Eurasian space. Turkey's neo-Eurasianists transformed from incarcerated villains to coalition partners in government and the bureaucracy. This spectacular reversal of fortunes could only materialize due to the special circumstances that arose from the ruthless power struggle between Turkey's Islamists. Nationalist-Islamism and Eurasianism overlap as they both despise West­ern dominance in the international order, feel threatened by the liberal cultural-civilizational siege of the West and thus have a common counter-hegemonic view of the world. Turkish Islamists and Eurasianists believe that a post-Western world is in the making. They argue that the unipolarity of the 1990s is over and that the West is essentially in an unstoppable decline - not least because of its degeneration in values. The true significance of Turkish 'Eurasianism' does not lie in its capacity to shape foreign and security policy although that cannot be totally dis­regarded; rather, its real contribution to the current regime comes from its critical role in widening and solidifying consent to authoritarian rule in Turkey.

Turkey's neo-Eurasianist ideologues describe themselves as "Kemalist Eurasianists". They argue that "Eurasianism calls for a cultural, military, political and commercial alliance with Turkey's eastern neighbors, notably Russia, Iran, the Turkic countries of Central Asia, and even Pakistan, India and China" and is hostile towards any type of pro-Western policy in the Eurasian space. Turkey's neo-Eurasianists transformed from incarcerated villains to coalition partners in government and the bureaucracy. This spectacular reversal of fortunes could only materialize due to the special circumstances that arose from the ruthless power struggle between Turkey's Islamists. Nationalist-Islamism and Eurasianism overlap as they both despise West­ern dominance in the international order, feel threatened by the liberal cultural-civilizational siege of the West and thus have a common counter-hegemonic view of the world. Turkish Islamists and Eurasianists believe that a post-Western world is in the making. They argue that the unipolarity of the 1990s is over and that the West is essentially in an unstoppable decline - not least because of its degeneration in values. The true significance of Turkish "Eurasianism" does not lie in its capacity to shape foreign and security policy although that cannot be totally dis­regarded; rather, its real contribution to the current regime comes from its critical role in widening and solidifying consent to authoritarian rule in Turkey. (author's abstract)

Eurasianism is a quasi-political and intellectual movement. Its representatives state that Russia is a unique blend of Slavic and non-Slavic cultures and ethnic groups. Eurasianists also emphasize the corporate nature of the Russian state which makes it quite different from the West. Eurasianism emerged in the 1920s as an anti-Bolshevik movement. Yet, through its evolution, Eurasianism has become closer and closer to the Soviet brand of Marxism. In its blending of Marxism with nationalism, Eurasianism was one of the precursors to the present-day ideology of post-Soviet Russia.

This article explores the issues of information warfare during the Russian aggression in Ukraine. The information warfare against Ukraine involves a wide range of methods and techniques aimed at destabilising society, introducing appropriate changes in the public consciousness and legitimising aggression. The purpose of this article is to analyse the main narratives of Russian ideological doctrine and propaganda in the context of their significance for Ukraine. The work focuses on three main aspects: (1) the ideas of the Eurasian doctrine; (2) the main postulates of neo-Eurasianism; and (3) the narratives of modern Russian propaganda that are being promoted in relation to Ukraine. The study shows that there is a link between the Eurasian doctrine of the first half of the 20th century, neo-Eurasianism and modern propaganda that determines the changes taking place in Russian narratives.

Der Eurasianismus als politische und intellektuelle Strömung ist kein neues Phänomen, sondern ein für das Verständnis der gegenwärtigen Entwicklung Rußlands wichtiger integraler Bestandteil der politischen und intellektuellen Geschichte des Landes. Der Verfasser legt eine chronologische Rekonstruktion dieser Denkrichtung vor, die eng mit dem Namen Peter Nikolaevich Savitsky verbunden ist. Der Eurasianismus sieht Rußland als einzigartige Mischung slawischer und nicht-slawischer Kulturen und Ethnien. Er sieht den russischen Staat darüberhinaus im Vergleich zu westlichen Staaten durch seinen korporatistischen Charakter gekennzeichnet. In den zwanziger Jahren als antibolschewistische Strömung entstanden, hat sich der Eurasianismus in seiner Entwicklung mehr und mehr der Sowjetideologie angenähert. An diese Mischung aus russischem Nationalismus und Sowjetideologie kann auch die gegenwärtige Opposition in Rußland anknüpfen. (BIOst-Wpt)

I attempt to answer the question about the place of Eurasianism in the Russian intellectual tradition. I reconstruct its historiosophical assumptions as well the political ideology following from them. I share the opinion of certain historians that Eurasianism is interesting for a variety of reasons, but I disagree with those who see in it nothing more than a synthesis of standard ideas often found in the history of Russian thought. Eurasianism's originality includes its acknowledgment of the positive contribution of the Mongols to the history of the Russian state, the radicalism of its critique of the West, the innovativeness of its theory of revolution, as well as the absence, unusual for Russian thinkers of the period, of an eschatological sensitivity. Adapted from the source document.