Suchergebnisse

The authors describe the situation of Polish immigrant organisations in selected European countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy and Spain) on the basis of field research. Their aim is to explore and explain the conditions under which they operate. This seminal publication presents the first cross-disciplinary research on Polish immigrant organisations. It allows to compare and generalise, enabling the authors to formulate new theoretical proposals, which aim to build a model explaining the situation of immigrant organisations.

In article the question of realization of process of cross-cultural communication in the modern world is discussed. A policy of multiculturalism of the states towards migrants is also considered.

The paper identifies the reasons for the lack of the gender equality officer in the Russian Federation against the background of the Nordic countries and Germany experience and conditions for the establishment of the gender equality in Europe. Using gender approach the political and cultural situation of the Russian society is analyzed and the ways to solve the problem are suggested.

In the article basing on major L. Karsavin works the development of philosophical, religious, historical attitudes of this famous scientist beginning with early period of his creation and finishing with works of the 4th decade of the 20th century are covered. Although recently the research of this very worthy culture historian and philosopher who was born in Russia, worked in European and Lithuanian universities has become more numerous, there is still shortage of systemic research of his attitudes. Meanwhile his works are topical for nowadays, as in them both significant historical events are evaluated and the future landmarks are drawn. The interest of L. Karsavin in Medieval Western Europe spiritual culture, at the same time Solovyov unity philosophy impact has determined the pecularity of his attitudes. In his early works he still remains in the frame of positivism, although he has already formulated for the sciencee of history new concepts and creates new methodology which he successfully applies in works on the culture of medieval Italy and France, later he dissociates from positivist paradigm and is justly considered the originator of anthropologic direction in history science. There are interesting insights about ambivalent meaning rendered by L. Karsavin to religious foundation are. In the narrow sense of meaning it is the collection of written sources reflecting the life of epoch of interestmiddle estate, but in the broad sense it covers all aspect of historical existence – both religious and social-economic and political; and what is more, the very its hypothetic researcher appears in this religious foundation. In other words he must wind up in the epoch he investigates, penetrate into its spirit. On the basis of little known L. Karsavin article texts his attitude to Russian revolution which the scientist experienced hardly and which essentially changed his own life is discussed.[.].

In the article basing on major L. Karsavin works the development of philosophical, religious, historical attitudes of this famous scientist beginning with early period of his creation and finishing with works of the 4th decade of the 20th century are covered. Although recently the research of this very worthy culture historian and philosopher who was born in Russia, worked in European and Lithuanian universities has become more numerous, there is still shortage of systemic research of his attitudes. Meanwhile his works are topical for nowadays, as in them both significant historical events are evaluated and the future landmarks are drawn. The interest of L. Karsavin in Medieval Western Europe spiritual culture, at the same time Solovyov unity philosophy impact has determined the pecularity of his attitudes. In his early works he still remains in the frame of positivism, although he has already formulated for the sciencee of history new concepts and creates new methodology which he successfully applies in works on the culture of medieval Italy and France, later he dissociates from positivist paradigm and is justly considered the originator of anthropologic direction in history science. There are interesting insights about ambivalent meaning rendered by L. Karsavin to religious foundation are. In the narrow sense of meaning it is the collection of written sources reflecting the life of epoch of interestmiddle estate, but in the broad sense it covers all aspect of historical existence – both religious and social-economic and political; and what is more, the very its hypothetic researcher appears in this religious foundation. In other words he must wind up in the epoch he investigates, penetrate into its spirit. On the basis of little known L. Karsavin article texts his attitude to Russian revolution which the scientist experienced hardly and which essentially changed his own life is discussed.[.].

In the article basing on major L. Karsavin works the development of philosophical, religious, historical attitudes of this famous scientist beginning with early period of his creation and finishing with works of the 4th decade of the 20th century are covered. Although recently the research of this very worthy culture historian and philosopher who was born in Russia, worked in European and Lithuanian universities has become more numerous, there is still shortage of systemic research of his attitudes. Meanwhile his works are topical for nowadays, as in them both significant historical events are evaluated and the future landmarks are drawn. The interest of L. Karsavin in Medieval Western Europe spiritual culture, at the same time Solovyov unity philosophy impact has determined the pecularity of his attitudes. In his early works he still remains in the frame of positivism, although he has already formulated for the sciencee of history new concepts and creates new methodology which he successfully applies in works on the culture of medieval Italy and France, later he dissociates from positivist paradigm and is justly considered the originator of anthropologic direction in history science. There are interesting insights about ambivalent meaning rendered by L. Karsavin to religious foundation are. In the narrow sense of meaning it is the collection of written sources reflecting the life of epoch of interestmiddle estate, but in the broad sense it covers all aspect of historical existence – both religious and social-economic and political; and what is more, the very its hypothetic researcher appears in this religious foundation. In other words he must wind up in the epoch he investigates, penetrate into its spirit. On the basis of little known L. Karsavin article texts his attitude to Russian revolution which the scientist experienced hardly and which essentially changed his own life is discussed.[.].

To understand the depth of transformations in all spheres of society generated by
migration, new terminology is needed. The notion of "postmigrant societies" implies that the
distinction between local and migrant population loses its relevance in certain social spheres.
According to the familiar epistemological framework, societies are presented as consisting of
"local population" on the one hand, and "migrant population" on the other. This understanding,
however, is becoming obsolete. First, it does not reflect the fact that the phenomenon of spatial
mobility is embedded in the social structure. A significant part of the so-called local population
is itself included in migration processes. People who are considered to be part of the
"autochthonous population" are in fact migrants themselves due to different circumstances
(contract work, long-term stay in another country due to studies, involvement in joint business
projects, participation in international scientific teams, availability of real estate abroad, etc.). At
the same time, those people who are regarded as "migrants" by common sense can be well
integrated into the social institutions of their new homeland. Second, the traditional
epistemological framework does not reflect contemporary demographic trends. It is unable to
capture two points: (a) population rotation within the framework of circular/pendulum migration;
(b) qualitative change in the urban population of industrialized countries.

This article aims to make an insight into the conditions of immigration policy and actions undertaken by the Swedish authorities and political parties in the face of the migration crisis in Europe after 2015. A hypothesis presented here assumes that a decisive evolution of the attitudes of the Swedish authorities, political parties, and society towards a restrictive
approach to immigration arose from the awareness of the negative consequences of migration management for the Swedish socio-economic model and the political scene. The theoretical framework used in this article is the concept of policy responsiveness, including the ability of
political authorities to respond effectively and lawfully to the needs and expectations of the citizens. Process tracing was applied as a research method useful for following the transformation process Sweden's immigration policy. Statistical data, documents issued by the government and political parties, as well as the subject literature were the sources
utilised in the research. Conclusions drawn from the research point to the tightening of immigration policy as a result of the fear of a prolonged pull effect on foreigners and concern surrounding the appropriate handling of immigration in full accordance with the adopted model of immigration policy.

The report is an outcome of the project "Polish immigrant organizations" founded by the National Science Centre [grant number 2014/14/E/HS6/00731]. The proposed project was aimed at assessing and identifying factors contributing to the current status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain). The project envisioned two tracks of research: 1. Diagnostic research designed to assess the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries. 2. Explanatory research designed to identify factors affecting the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries.

The report is an outcome of the project "Polish immigrant organizations" founded by the National Science Centre [grant number 2014/14/E/HS6/00731]. The proposed project was aimed at assessing and identifying factors contributing to the current status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain). The project envisioned two tracks of research: 1. Diagnostic research designed to assess the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries. 2. Explanatory research designed to identify factors affecting the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries.

The report is an outcome of the project "Polish immigrant organizations" founded by the National Science Centre [grant number 2014/14/E/HS6/00731]. The proposed project was aimed at assessing and identifying factors contributing to the current status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain). The project envisioned two tracks of research: 1. Diagnostic research designed to assess the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries. 2. Explanatory research designed to identify factors affecting the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries.

The report is an outcome of the project "Polish immigrant organizations" founded by the National Science Centre [grant number 2014/14/E/HS6/00731]. The proposed project was aimed at assessing and identifying factors contributing to the current status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain). The project envisioned two tracks of research: 1. Diagnostic research designed to assess the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries. 2. Explanatory research designed to identify factors affecting the status of Polish immigrant organizations in selected European countries.

This article focuses on the solidarity of EU member states with the so-called "front" country, Greece, which found itself during the migration crisis in 2015 and in the following years on the most burdened East-Mediterranean route, i.e. the route by sea from Turkey to Greece and onwards to various European Union countries. Refugees from Syria but also from Iraq and
Afghanistan continue to arrive along this route. The destinations for boats carrying immigrants and refugees via Turkey to Greece are the islands in the Aegean Sea including the island of Lesbos whereon the infamous Moria camp still plays a special role. The island which hosts Moria is the subject of European solidarity research with Greece. The structure of this article consists of three parts. The fi rst discusses the principle of solidarity which, like any community, lies at the heart of the European Union. Part Two deals with the migration crisis and its challenges regarding the solidarity of EU Member States from Greece. The third part focuses on the humanitarian consequences of the lack of solidarity between EU member states and Greece. The source material is scientifi c publications on the EU, information from EU portals and press agencies and their recordings of developments in Greece related to the infl ux of immigrants along the Eastern Mediterranean route along with the author's own observations
of the Moria camp during a visit at the end of November 2019. This article also partly refers to the new humanitarian challenges arising in the context of the situation of immigrants on their way to Europe during the Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19).