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On September 20, 1967, the Governments of Denmark, Norway and Sweden instituted an action against Greece before the European Commission of Human Rights. The Netherlands took the same step on September 27, 1967. These proceedings were brought in response to a resolution adopted on June 23, 1967, by the Standing Committee of the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe which, on behalf of the Assembly, expressed "the wish that the Governments of the Contracting Parties to the European Convention on Human Rights refer the Greek case, either separately or jointly, to the European Commission of Human Rights in accordance with Article 24 of the Convention."

Preliminary Material /Javier García Roca and Pablo Santolaya -- The Preamble, The Convention's Hermeneutic Context: A Constitutional Instrument of European Public Order /Javier García Roca -- The Scope of Obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights (Art. 1) /Pablo Antonio Fernández-Sánchez -- Legal Protection of Life: Transformation and Expansion (Art. 2 ECHR and Protocols 6 and 13) /Fernando Rey Martinez -- Treatment Proscribed under Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights /Ana Salado Osuna -- Prohibition of Slavery and Forced Labour: An Example of Integration of International Treaties (Commentary on Article 4) /Raúl Canosa Usera -- European Convention Protection of the Right to Liberty and Security: A Minimum European Standard (Art. 5 ECHR) /Fco. Javier Álvarez García and Argelia Queralt Jiménez -- Initial Approach to the Right to a Fair Trial and to the Demands of Article 6.1 ECHR, in Particular, the Right of Access to a Court (Art. 6 ECHR) /Coral Arangüena Fanego -- The Right to a Double Degree of Jurisdiction in Criminal Offences (Art. 2 P7) /Coral Arangüena Fanego -- "Reasonable Time" in the Administration of Justice: A Requirement of the European Convention of Human Rights (Art 6.1 ECHR) /Ana Salado Osuna -- The Right to a Public Hearing: A Guarantee Downplayed by the Strasbourg Court (Art. 6.1 ECHR) /José Miguel Vidal Zapatero -- The Right to an Independent and Impartial Tribunal (Art. 6.1 ECHR): A Specific Minimum Standards Guarantee Rather than a Rule of Justice /Javier García Roca and José Miguel Vidal Zapatero -- An Extensive but Not Very Stringent Presumption of Innocence (Art. 6.2 ECHR) /Alfredo Allué Buiza -- Requirements in Relation to the Right to a Defence: The Right to Defend Oneself, to Legal Assistance and Legal Aid (Art. 6.3.C ECHR) /Coral Arangüena Fanego -- Requirements in Relation to Witness Examination under Article 6.3 D) ECHR /Coral Arangüena Fanego -- The Right to be Informed of the Charge (Article 6.3 A) ECHR /Isabel Perelló Doménech -- The Right to be Compensated for Miscarriage of Justice (Article 3, Protocol 7) /Isabel Perelló Doménech -- The Weakened Concept of the European Principle of Criminal Legality (Art. 7 ECHR and P7-4) /Susana Huerta Tocildo -- The Right to a Private and Family Life (Notably Extended Right to Privacy) (Art. 8 ECHR) /Pablo Santolaya -- Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion (Art. 9 ECHR) /Alejandro Torres Gutiérrez -- The Right to Freedom of Expression in a Democratic Society (Art. 10 ECHR) /Rafael Bustos Gisbert -- Freedom of Assembly and Association (Art. 11 ECHR): Some Hesitations on a Path of Firm Protection /Juan María Bilbao Ubillos -- The Right to Marry (Art. 12 ECHR) /Alejandro Torres Gutiérrez -- The Right to an Effective Remedy Before a National Authority: Problems of Interpretation (Art. 13 ECHR) /Encarna Carmona Cuenca -- The Prohibition on Discrimination: New Content (Art. 14 ECHR and Protocol 12) /Encarna Carmona Cuenca -- Suspending Guarantees of the European Convention on Human Rights (Art. 15) /Pablo Antonio Fernández-Sánchez -- Restrictions on the Political Activity of Aliens under Article 16 ECHR /Juan Fernando Durán Alba.

AbstractInA Cosmopolitan Legal Order: Kant, Constitutional Justice and the European Convention on Human Rights, Alec Stone Sweet and Clare Ryan argue that there has been the emergence of, and increasing prospects for, a cosmopolitan legal order based on the Convention. This symposium aims to engage with, and to better explore, the theoretical implications and practical legal ramifications of their argument. In doing so, this first article acts as a general introduction to the symposium, laying out the major arguments of the book as well as arguments presented by the symposium contributors. Moving beyond the summative, this introduction also situatesA Cosmopolitan Legal Oderwithin broader debates in global constitutionalism, while defending its use of Kant's cosmopolitan theory. Lastly, it explores some of the key implications and challenges that arise from the symposium itself, rooting these insights within the current context of anti-globalism, nationalism, populism and neo-sovereigntism, and the corresponding necessity for a more transitional and pluralistic response as offered inA Cosmopolitan Legal Order.

The concept of 'legitimate expectation' is one which has developed to different degrees in the domestic laws of contracting states of the Council of Europe. The European Court of Human Rights tends to use the term is two related contexts. First, the Court refers to legitimate expectation as a way of expanding the scope of 'possessions' within the meaning of Article 1 of Protocol 1 (P1-1) of the European Convention of Human Rights in order to bring an issue within the purview of the Court. Second, the Court uses the term to refer to a person's expectations as to the future peaceful enjoyment of their possessions. The failure by the Court to define clearly what it means by the term 'legitimate expectation' and its use in two different (if related) ways has led to significant confusion in the Court's jurisprudence as it concerns social security.

The issue of human rights is a problem of great concern in the European Union. Previous alliances faced problems related to human rights in the areas of geopolitics and geo-economics. The ECHR (European Convention of Human Rights) is present as a regime carrying out human rights values that were previously influenced by COE (The Convention of Europe) in the European Union. The development of the ECHR as a human rights regime in the European Union is very dependent on the conditions of the EU member states themselves, which were previously fragmented into fascist and communism systems and must be transformed into democratic liberals. Data in this research will be explored through literature method (library research). The process of developing the ECHR as a human rights regime should be analyzed through an international regime approach using the theory of regime-interplay which will examine the ECHR process as one of the influential human rights regimes in the European Union.Bahasa Indonesia Abstract: Isu Hak Asasi Manusia adalah masalah yang sangat diperhatikan di Uni Eropa. Aliansi negara-negara Eropa sebelumnya menghadapi masalah yang berkaitan dengan Hak Asasi Manusia yang dihubungkan dengan aspek geo-politik dan geo-ekonomi di kawasan tersebut. ECHR (Konvensi Eropa tentang Hak Asasi Manusia) hadir sebagai rezim yang menjalankan nilai-nilai HAM yang sebelumnya dipengaruhi oleh COE (Konvensi Eropa) di Uni Eropa. Perkembangan ECHR sebagai rezim hak asasi manusia di Uni Eropa sangat tergantung pada kondisi negara-negara anggota UE sendiri, yang sebelumnya terfragmentasi menjadi sistem fasisme dan komunisme, dan harus ditransformasikan menjadi sistem liberal. Data dalam penelitian ini akan dianalisa melalui metode literatur (studi pustaka). Proses pengembangan ECHR sebagai rezim Hak Asasi Manusia dianalisis melalui pendekatan rezim internasional menggunakan teori regime-interplay yang akan menelaah proses ECHR sebagai salah satu rezim HAM yang berpengaruh di Uni Eropa.